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Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist born in 1822. He developed the process of pasteurization to kill bacteria in food and beverages by heating and cooling. Pasteur also discovered germ theory and created the first vaccines for anthrax and rabies by exposing animals to weakened versions of the diseases. He went on to develop vaccines for other illnesses like cholera and smallpox based on his findings. Pasteur's vaccine for rabies brought him international fame and led to the establishment of the Pasteur Institute in Paris dedicated to medical research.

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378 views6 pages

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist born in 1822. He developed the process of pasteurization to kill bacteria in food and beverages by heating and cooling. Pasteur also discovered germ theory and created the first vaccines for anthrax and rabies by exposing animals to weakened versions of the diseases. He went on to develop vaccines for other illnesses like cholera and smallpox based on his findings. Pasteur's vaccine for rabies brought him international fame and led to the establishment of the Pasteur Institute in Paris dedicated to medical research.

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LOUIS PASTEUR

(27 DEC. 1822- 28 SEPT. 1895)


Louis Pasteur, who was born in France
in 1822, was a French biologist,
microbiologist and chemist. Scientist
Louis Pasteur came up with the food
preparation process known as
pasteurization; he also developed
vaccinations for anthrax and rabies.
 Who Was Louis Pasteur?
Louis Pasteur discovered that microbes were
responsible for souring alcohol and came up with
the process of pasteurization, where bacteria are
destroyed by heating beverages and then
allowing them to cool. His work in germ theory
also led him and his team to create vaccinations
for anthrax and rabies.
 Early Life
Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, located
in the Jura region of France. He grew up in the town of Arbois,
and his father, Jean-Joseph Pasteur, was a tanner and a sergeant
major decorated with the Legion of Honor during the
Napoleonic Wars. An average student, Pasteur was skilled at
drawing and painting. He earned his bachelor of arts degree
(1840) and a bachelor of science degree (1842) at the Royal
College of Besançon and a doctorate (1847) from the École
Normale in Paris.
Pasteur then spent several years researching and teaching at
Dijon Lycée. In 1848, he became a professor of chemistry at the
University of Strasbourg, where he met Marie Laurent, the
daughter of the university's rector. They wed on May 29, 1849,
and had five children, though only two survived childhood.
Commercial Achievements
Pasteur's first vaccine discovery was in
1879, with a disease called chicken cholera.
After accidentally exposing chickens to the
In 1854, Pasteur was appointed attenuated form of a culture, he
professor of chemistry and dean of the demonstrated that they became resistant to
science faculty at the University of the actual virus. Pasteur went on to extend
Lille. There, he worked on finding his germ theory to develop causes and
solutions to the problems with the vaccinations for diseases such as anthrax,
manufacture of alcoholic drinks. cholera, and smallpox.
Working with the germ theory, which In 1873, Pasteur was elected as an associate
Pasteur did not invent but further member of the Académie de Médecine. In
1882, the year of his acceptance into the
developed through experiments and
Académie Française, he decided to focus
eventually convinced most of Europe his efforts on the problem of rabies. On July
of its truth, he demonstrated that 6, 1885, Pasteur vaccinated Joseph Meister,
organisms such as bacteria were a 9-year-old boy who had been bitten by a
responsible for souring wine, beer and rabid dog. The success of Pasteur's vaccine
even milk. He then invented a process brought him immediate fame. This began
where bacteria could be removed by an international fundraising campaign to
boiling and then cooling liquid. He build the Pasteur Institute in Paris, which
completed the first test on April 20, was inaugurated on November 14, 1888.
1862. Today the process is known as
pasteurization.
Personal Life
Pasteur had been partially paralyzed since
1868, due to a severe brain stroke, but he was able
to continue his research. He celebrated his 70th
birthday at the Sorbonne, which was attended by
several prominent scientists, including British
surgeon Joseph Lister. At that time, his paralysis
worsened, and he died on September 28, 1895.
Pasteur's remains were transferred to a Neo-
Byzantine crypt at the Pasteur Institute in 1896.

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