COMPETENCIES

• IDENTIFY THE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE OF MIMAROPA AND

VISAYAS
• DIFFERENTIATE AND EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT. CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE OF MIMAROPA AND VISAYAS
• COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE OF
MIMAROPA AND VISAYAS WITH OTHER ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPT
URE OF THE OTHER REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY
ARCHITECTURE, SCULPTURE,
AND WARES OF MIMAROPA
AND VISAYAS
 COLONIAL CHURCHES
• THE VISAYAS REGION HAS A LOT OF
NOTEWORTHY AND HISTORIC CHURC
HES. THIS COMES AS NO SURPRISE SIN
CE IT WAS ONE OF THE EARLIEST PLA
CES COLONIZED BY THE SPANIARDS
 HERE ARE SOME OF THE
NOTABLE CHURCHES FOU
ND IN VISAYAS:
 SANTO NIÑO BASILICA (BASILICA DEL SANTO NINO)
• THE SECOND OLDEST CHURCH IN THE PHILIPPINES. LOCATED I
N CEBU
• ITS HOUSES ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RELIGIOUS SCULPT
URES IN THE COUNTRY, THE SANTO NIÑO.
• IT WAS ERECTED ON THE PLACE WHERE THE IMAGE OF THE SA
NTO NIÑO WAS DISCOVERED DURING THE EXPEDITION OF MIG
UEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI.
• THE CURRENT CHURCH, WHICH WAS STARTED IN 1735, IS THE
FOURTH CHURCH THAT WAS BUILT IN THE AREA DEVOTED TO
THE HOLY CHILD.
• THE MATERIALS USED WERE TRANSPORTED FROM THE DIFFER
ENT SANTO NIÑO BASILICA PARTS OF CEBU, ITS DESIGN WAS B
UILT TO WITHSTAND EARTHQUAKES. HOWEVER, IT HAS LIVED
 BACLAYON CHURCH
• THIS IS THE OLDEST ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE COU
NTY. FORMALLY KNOWN AS THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTIO
N, OF THE VIRGIN MARY PARISH CHURCH
• IT WAS COMPLETED IN 1727 USING CORAL STONES AND BO
NDED USING EGG WHITES. ITS INTERIOR FEATURES AN ALTA
RPIECE CARVED WITH INDIGENOUS PLANTS AND ANIMALS A
ND DECORATED WITH GOLD.
• IT WAS INCLUDED IN THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE TENTA
TIVE LIST UNDER THE PHILIPPINES UNTIL IT WAS DESTROYED I
N THE OCTOBER 2013 EARTHQUAKE
• IN 2017, DURING THE HOLY WEEK, THE CHURCH WAS OPEN
ED TO TOURISTS. UNTIL TODAY, IT' IS STILL BEING RESTORED
 DAUIS CHURCH
• ANOTHER NOTEWORTHY CHURCH IN BOHOL IS THE DAUI
S CHURCH, FORMALLY KNOWN AS THE CHURCH OF OUR
LADY OF ASSUMPTION.
• IT WAS BUILT IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY. ITS INTERIORS A
RE DECORATED BY FRESCOES PAINTED BY THE RENOWNE
D ARTIST RAY FRANCIA
• IT IS NOT ONLY KNOWN FOR ITS BEAUTY BUT ALSO FOR I
TS MIRACULOUS WELL WHICH IS BELIEVED TO HEAL PEOP
LE WHO DRINK ITS WATER
• UNFORTUNATELY, IT WAS ALSO HIT, BY THE SAME EARTH
QUAKE THAT DESTROYED THE BACLAYON CHURCH. IT IS
ALSO CURRENTLY BEING RESTORED BUT WILL TAKE TIME
TO BE FINISHED
 MIAG-AO CHURCH
• IN ILOILO, YOU WILL FIND ANOTHER UNESCO WORLD H
ERITAGE SITE, THE MIAG-AO CHURCH
• IT IS ONE OF THE FOUR UNESCO-RECOGNIZED BAROQU
E CHURCHES IN THE PHILIPPINES. FORMALLY, KNOWN A
S THE CHURCH OF SAINT TOMAS DE VILLANUEVA
• IT IS LIKENED TO A FORTRESS WITH ITS IMPOSING WALL
S, FLANKED AT ITS SIDE BY ITS TWO BELL TOWERS, ITS F
AÇADE OF THE CHURCH IS ARTISTICALLY ORNAMENTED
WITH SCULPTURAL RELIEFS.
• ON ITS PEDIMENT IS A DEPICTION OF ST. CHRISTOPHER
CARRYING THE CHILD JESUS, SURROUNDED BY INDIGEN
OUS FLORA SUCH AS COCONUT, PAPAYA, AND PALM T
REE.
 PRESERVED OR HERITAGE HOUSES
• THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY, THERE ARE MANY HOUSES THA
T ARE DEEMED HISTORICALLY AND CULTURALLY IMPORTANT B
Y THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION OF THE PHILIPPINE
S (NHCP). THIS COMMISSION IS TASKED TO SAVE AND PRESERV
E THESE STRUCTURES FOR US TO APPRECIATE AND VALUE THE
RICH HISTORY OF OUR COUNTRY.
• PRESERVED HOUSES ARE CALLED HERITAGE HOUSES. IN SILAY
CITY, BACOLOD, THERE IS A LARGE CONCENTRATION OF HERIT
AGE HOUSES.
• THE 1800S BROUGHT A GREAT PROSPERITY IN THE AREA DUE
TO THE SUGARCANE INDUSTRY. MANY OF THE RESIDENTS WE
RE ABLE TO AFFORD THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANY OF THE CO
UNTRY’S ARCHITECTURAL GEMS. ALTHOUGH MANY OF THE H
OUSES HAVE BEEN DESTROYED BY WAR OR HAVE DETERIORAT
 PRESERVED OR HERITAGE HOUSES
• SOME OF THE PROTECTED HOUSES IN SILAY ARE THE JA
LONDONI ANCESTRAL HOUSE, THE BALAY NEGRENSE O
R GASTON ANCESTRAL HOUSE, AND THE HOFILEÑA AN
CESTRAL HOUSE.
• THE JALANDONI ANCESTRAL HOUSE AND THE BALAY NE
GRENSE WERE CONVERTED TO MUSEUMS.
• THESE HERITAGE HOUSES ARE THE VISAYAN VERSION O
F THE BAHAY NA BATO, WHICH ARE MADE WITH THE FI
NEST WOOD AND THE STURDIEST STONE. THE HOUSES
HAVE HIGH CEILINGS SURROUNDED BY HIGH AND WIDE
WINDOWS DECORATED WITH INTRICATELY WROUGHT I
RON GRILLS. THE INTERIOR OF THESE HOUSES FEATURES
ELABORATE AND FLOWING WOOD CARVINGS THAT DIVI
DE THE ROOMS.
TRADITIONAL SCULPTURE
S
TALENTED SCULPTORS ARE NOT ONLY LIMITED
IN LUZON. THE MIMAROPA REGION AND VISAYAS
ISLANDS ARE HOME TO MANY SCULPTURAL
ARTIFACTS. HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES:
 MANUNGGUL JAR
• THE MANUNGGUL JAR FOUND IN PALAWAN IS ONE OF TH
E MOST IMPORTANT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS IN THE PHIL
IPPINES.
• THIS BURIAL JAR IS INCISED WITH DOTS AND WASTY DESI
GNS ON ITS TOP AND COVERED WITH A LID THAT SHOWS
TWO FIGURES ON A BOAT. ONE OF THE FIGURES IS ROWI
NG THE BOAT, WHILE THE OTHER IS IN THE FETAL POSITIO
N, WHICH IS BELIEVED TO BE THE REPRESENTATION OF TH
E DECEASED.
• THIS ARTIFACT IS CONSIDERED A NATIONAL TREASURE NO
T ONLY BECAUSE OF ITS HIGH LEVEL OF CRAFTSMANSHIP
BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, IT PROVES THAT THE EARLY FILI
PINOS BELIEVED IN THE AFTERLIFE
 SANTO NIÑO
• THE SANTO NIÑO IS ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR R
ELIGIOUS ICONS IN THE PHILIPPINES, IT IS THE FIRST
CHRISTIAN STATUE BROUGHT IN THE COUNTRY BY
MAGELLAN IN 1521.
• THE STATUE WAS GIVEN TO THE WIFE OF RAJAH H
UMABON. IT WAS LATER FOUND IN THE RUINS OF T
HE VILLAGE UNSCATHED.
• THE AREA WHERE IT WAS FOUND IS THE CURRENT
LOCATION OF THE CHURCH OF THE SANTO NIÑO,
WHERE THE STATUE IS ALSO CURRENTLY BEING KE
PT.
 SANTO NIÑO
• THE SANTO NIÑO IS CONSIDERED TO BE MIRACULOUS A
ND HAS SURVIVED NUMEROUS TRAGEDIES. AND IT IS BE
CAUSE OF THIS THAT THE PEOPLE OF CEBU BELIEVE THA
T THE SANTO NIÑO PROTECTS THEIR CITY FROM HARM
AND MADE THE HOLY CHILD THE PATRON SAINT OF CEB
U.
• ITS POPULARITY IS SEEN IN MANY PARTS OF THE COUNT
RY. IN FACT, MANY REPLICAS PORTRAY THE SANTO IN DI
FFERENT OUTFITS SUCH AS A POLICEMAN, BASKETBALL
PLAYER, AMONG OTHERS.
• ALSO, MANY PHILIPPINE FESTIVALS ARE CELEBRATED IN
HONOR OF THE HOLY CHILD SUCH AS THE SINULOG ATI-
ATIHAN, AND DINAGYANG.
 MORIONES MASK
• THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST EYE-CATCHING PROPS USED IN A
FESTIVAL. TRADITIONALLY, THE MORIONES MASK IS CARVED
FROM WOOD, BRIGHTLY PAINTED, AND DECORATED WITH P
APER FLOWERS.
• IT IS CARVED TO LOOK LIKE THAT OF THE ROMAN SOLDIERS.
THE FEATURES OF THE FACE OF THE SOLDIERS ARE EXAGGE
RATED TO INCITE RIDICULE FROM THE ONLOOKERS, WHICH I
S ALSO PART OF THE PENANCE OF THE PARTICIPANTS.
• THE MASK IS HEAVY AND UNCOMFORTABLE WHEN WORN B
UT IT IS ENDURED BY THE PENITENTS AS PART OF THE SACRI
FICES FOR THE LENTEN SEASON.
 FUNCTIONAL ART
THE VISAYAS IS ALSO HOME TO MANY
CULTURAL PRODUCTS THAT SHOWCASE THE
REGION'S TALENT.
 BASEY MAT
• THE BASEY MATS ARE WOVEN MATS, LOCALLY KNOWN
AS BANIG, ARE MADE OF PANDAN LEAVES THAT ARE ST
RIPPED, BOILED, DYED, AND WOVEN.
• IDEAL FOR A TROPICAL CLIMATE SUCH AS IN THE PHILIP
PINES SINCE IT IS POROUS AND LETS THE AIR PASS THRO
UGH, COOLING THE USER.
• MATS ARE VERSATILE AND CAN BE USED EVERY DAY A
ND EVEN DURING SPECIAL OCCASIONS.
 BASEY MAT
• BANIGS ARE FOUND ALL OVER THE COUNTRY BUT IN BAS
EY, SAMAR, THIS SIMPLE AND UTILITARIAN OBJECT IS A
WORK OF ART.
• THE BASEY MAT USES THE INDIGENOUS TIKOG GRASS.
• THE MAT IS SURROUNDED BY DECORATIVE PATTERNS, W
HICH BORDER THE MAIN ARTWORK THAT IS TYPICALLY T
HAT OF DIFFERENT FLOWERS SUCH AS ORCHIDS, LANDSC
APES SUCH AS THE SAN JUANICO BRIDGE, RELIGIOUS FIG
URES LIKE THE SANTO NIÑO, AND SOMETIMES PORTRAIT
S OF FAMOUS PEOPLE.
• UNLIKE WITH OTHER MATS WHERE THE DESIGNS ARE W
OVEN ITS DESIGNS ARE EMBROIDERED AFTER IT HAS BEE
N WOVEN.
 CAPIZ SHELL
• THE PROVINCE OF CAPIZ IS KNOWN FOR ITS CAPIZ SHELLS
OR WINDOWPANE OYSTER. THIS IS USED FOR EVERYDAY
WARES LIKE WINDOWS AND LANTERNS, OR EVEN AS JE
WELRY.
• IT COMES FROM THE WINDOWPANE OYSTER WHOSE OU
TER SHELL IS TRANSLUCENT. IT IS HARVESTED; AFTER WHI
CH THEY ARE PROCESSED TO PRODUCE A THIN, YELLOWI
SH FLAKE.
• IT HAS A TRANSLUCENT PROPERTY THAT MAKES IT IDEAL
TO USE AS LAMP CONTAINERS OR WINDOW COVERING S
INCE IT OFFERS PRIVACY YET ALLOWS LIGHT THROUGH. I
T IS ALSO USED AS COVERINGS FOR JEWELRY BOXES, OR
NAMENTS FOR WIND CHIMES, AMONG OTHERS.
 TINGKOP
• THIS IS A PRODUCT OF THE TAGBANUA IN PALA
WAN, THE TINGKOP IS A WOVEN HARVEST BAS
KET. THIS CONE-SHAPED BASKET IS MADE OF S
TRIPS OF BAMBOO SUPPORTED BY RATTAN.
• THE TAGBANUA WEAVERS USED THE VARIATIO
NS OF THE NATURAL COLORS OF THE BAMBOO
TO CREATE A DESIGN PATTERN, IT IS MAINLY U
SED TO CARRY RICE SEEDLINGS.