What Is Input?

• Input is any data and instructions entered into the

memory of a computer

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Figure 5-1 Chapter 5
What Is Input?

• Instructions can be entered into the computer in the

form of programs, commands, and user responses
A program is a series of related instructions that tells
a computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them

Programs respond to commands that a user issues

A user response is an instruction a user issues by

replying to a question displayed by a program

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Chapter 5
What Are Input Devices

An input device
is any hardware
component that
allows users to
enter data and
instructions into
a computer

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Chapter 5
The Keyboard

• A keyboard is an input device that contains keys

users press to enter data and instructions into a
computer

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Figure 5-2 Chapter 5
The Keyboard

• Most desktop computer keyboards have…

Function keys,
A numeric keypad
Between 101 and CTRL keys, ALT
on the right side of
105 keys keys, and arrow
the keyboard
keys

WINDOWS key APPLICATION key Toggle keys

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Chapter 5
The Keyboard

• The insertion point, also known as the cursor, is a

symbol on the screen that indicates where the
next character you type will appear

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Figure 5-3 Chapter 5
The Keyboard

Wired Wireless
Keyboards Keyboards

USB port Bluetooth

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Chapter 5
Pointing Devices

A pointer is a small
A pointing device is an
symbol on the screen
input device that allows
whose location and
a user to control a
shape change as a user
pointer on the screen
moves a pointing device

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Chapter 5
Mouse

• A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the

palm of your hand comfortably
– Most widely used pointing device on desktop
computers
• A mouse can be wired or wireless

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Figures 5-6 and 5-7 Chapter 5
Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads

• A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display device

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 5, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Multi-Touch Screens
below Chapter 5
Page 266 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 12
Figures 5-12 – 5-13 Chapter 5
Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads

Microsoft Surface Touch-sensitive pads

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Figures 5-14 – 5-15 Chapter 5
Pen Input

• With pen input, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat

surface to write, draw, or make selections

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 5, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Signature Capture
Pads below Chapter 5
Page 268 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 14
Figure 5-16 Chapter 5
Other Input for Smart Phones

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Figures 5-17 – 5-18 Chapter 5
Game Controllers(self reading)

• Video games and computer games use a game controller

as the input device that directs movements and actions
of on-screen objects

Joysticks and
Gamepads Light guns
Wheels

Motion-
Dance pads sensing
controllers
Pages 270 - 271 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 16
Chapter 5
Game Controllers

Page 270 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 17

Figure 5-19 Chapter 5
Digital Cameras

• A digital camera is a mobile device that allows

users to take pictures and store them digitally

Studio cameras

Field cameras

Point-and-shoot camera
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Chapter 5
Digital Cameras

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Figure 5-20 Chapter 5
Digital Cameras

• Two factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:

• Resolution is the number of horizontal
and vertical pictures in a display device
Resolution • A pixel is the smallest element in an
electronic display

Number of • Each pixel consists of one or more bits of

data
bits stored in • The more bits used to represent a pixel,
the more colors and shades of gray that
each pixel can be represented

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Chapter 5
Example of Pixel

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 21

Chapter 5
Digital Cameras

• Higher the resolution, the better the picture

quality, but the more expensive the camera.
• Digital camera resolutions range from
approximately
– 4 million to more than 16 million pixels (MP).
– A camera with a 7.1 MP (7,100,000 pixels) resolution
will provide a better quality than one with a 4 MP
resolution.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 22

Chapter 5
Voice Input

• Audio input is the process of entering any sound

into the computer
Speech

Music

Sound Effects

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Chapter 5
Video Input
• Video input is the process of capturing full-motion
images and storing them on a computer’s storage
medium such as a hard disk or optical disc.
• Web Camera: a type of digital video camera that
enables a home or small business user to capture
video and still images.
• Video Conferencing: is a meeting between two or
more geographically separated people who use a
network or the Internet to transmit audio and
video data
24
Scanners and Reading Devices

• Some input devices save users time by eliminating

manual data entry. With these devices, users do
not type, speak, or write into the computer.
Instead, these devices capture data from a source
document, which is the original form of the data.
• Examples of source documents include
– order forms, invoices, paychecks, advertisements,
photos or any other document that contains data to
be processed.
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 25
Chapter 5
Optical Scanners

• An optical scanner, usually called a scanner, is a

light-sensing input device that reads printed text
and graphics and then translates the results into a
form the computer can process.
• Four types of scanners are
– flatbed, pen, sheet-fed, and drum

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 26

Chapter 5
Types of Scanners

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 27

Chapter 5
Optical Readers

• An optical reader is a device that uses a light

source to read characters, marks, and codes and
then converts them into digital data that a
computer can process.
• Two technologies used by optical readers are
– Optical character recognition
– Optical mark recognition.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 28

Chapter 5
Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

• is a technology that involves reading typewritten,

computer printed, or hand-printed characters
from ordinary documents and translating the
images into a form that the computer can process.
• Most OCR devices include a small optical scanner
for reading characters and sophisticated software
to analyze what is read.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 29

Chapter 5
OCR

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 30

Chapter 5
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)

• Technology that reads hand-drawn marks such as

small circles or rectangles.
• A person places these marks on a form, such as a
test, survey, or questionnaire answer sheet. With
a test, the OMR device first scans the answer key
sheet to record correct answers based on patterns
of light. The OMR device then scans the remaining
documents and matches their patterns of light
against the answer key sheet.
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 31
Chapter 5
OMR

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 32

Chapter 5
Bar Code Readers

• A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner,

is an optical reader that uses laser beams to read
bar codes by using light patterns that pass
through the bar code lines
• A bar code is an identification code that consists
either of a set of vertical lines and spaces of
different widths or a two-dimensional pattern of
dots, squares, and other images.

33
BAR CODE

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 34

Chapter 5
RFID Readers

• RFID (radio frequency identification) is a

technology that uses radio signals to
communicate with a tag placed in or attached to
an object, an animal, or a person.
• RFID tags, which contain a memory chip and an
antenna, are available in many shapes and sizes
and sometimes are embedded in glass, labels, or
cards.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 35

Chapter 5
RFID

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 36

Chapter 5
Magnetic Stripe Card Readers

• Often called a magstripe reader, reads the

magnetic stripe on the back of credit cards,
entertainment cards, bank cards, and other
similar cards.
• The stripe, which is divided in three horizontal
tracks, contains information identifying you and
the card issuer

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 37

Chapter 5
MSCR

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 38

Chapter 5
MICR Readers

• MICR (magnetic-ink character recognition)

devices read text printed with magnetized ink.
• The banking industry almost exclusively uses MICR
for check processing. Each check in your
checkbook has pre-coded MICR characters
beginning at the lower-left edge.
• The MICR characters represent the bank routing
number, the customer account number, and the
check number.
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 39
Chapter 5
MICR

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 40

Chapter 5
Biometrics Inputs

• Biometrics is the technology of authenticating a person’s

identity by verifying a personal characteristic.
• Biometric devices grant users access to programs,
systems, or rooms by analyzing some biometric identifier.
• A biometric identifier is a physiological (related to
physical or chemical activities in the body) or behavioral
characteristic.
• Examples include fingerprints, hand geometry, facial
features, voice, signatures, and eye patterns.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 41

Chapter 5
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 42
Chapter 5
Data Collection Devices

• A data collection device obtains data directly at the

location where the transaction or event takes place. For
example, employees use bar code readers, handheld
computers, or other mobile devices to collect data
wirelessly
• These types of data collection devices are used in
restaurants, grocery stores, factories, warehouses, the
outdoors, or other locations where heat, humidity, and
cleanliness are not easy to control.

43
Terminals

• Point of Sale Terminal: The location in a retail or

grocery store where a consumer pays for goods or
services is the point of sale (POS). Most retail
stores use a POS terminal to record purchases,
process credit or debit cards, and update
inventory.
• ATM: An automated teller machine (ATM) is a
self-service banking machine that connects to a
host computer through a network.
44
POS and ATM

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 45

Chapter 5