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Chapter 1 - Vector Analysis

The document discusses different coordinate systems used in vector analysis including: 1) Cartesian coordinates which use x, y, z unit vectors 2) Circular cylindrical coordinates which use ρ (rho), φ (phi), z unit vectors 3) Spherical coordinates which use r, θ (theta), φ (phi) unit vectors It provides the transformations between Cartesian and other coordinate systems and defines dot products of the unit vectors in spherical and Cartesian systems.

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101 views27 pages

Chapter 1 - Vector Analysis

The document discusses different coordinate systems used in vector analysis including: 1) Cartesian coordinates which use x, y, z unit vectors 2) Circular cylindrical coordinates which use ρ (rho), φ (phi), z unit vectors 3) Spherical coordinates which use r, θ (theta), φ (phi) unit vectors It provides the transformations between Cartesian and other coordinate systems and defines dot products of the unit vectors in spherical and Cartesian systems.

Uploaded by

mayankardeshana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1 - Vector Analysis

Scalars and Vectors

Scalar Fields (temperature, Mass, Volume, Density)


Vector Fields (gravitational, velocity, acceleration,
displacement, magnetic)

Vector Algebra
The Cartesian Coordinate System
Vector Components and Unit Vectors
The Vector Field

Example

The Dot product B in the direction of A


You need to normalize a
before the dot product.
A.B = |A||B| cos AB
The Cross Product

A x B = aN|A||B| sin AB

 ax ay az 
A  B  Ax Ay Az 
 
 Bx By Bz 

Example

2   4 
A   3  B   2 
   
1  5 

 13 
A  B   14 
 
 16 
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System

(Unit vector Transformation)


Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System

1 - Unit Vector
  d  d vary with
The coordinate 
Since direction
  dz changes

  d dz 2 – Dot Product


  d  d dz
Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System

x   cos   2 2
 x y  0
y   sin  
atan 
y
 
 x
z z
z z

Dot Product
A Ax ax  Ay  ay  Az az

A A  a  A a  Az az

A A  a A A  a Az Az

A ( Ax ax  Ay  ay  Az az)  a Ax ax a  Ay  ay  a

A ( Ax ax  Ay  ay  Az az)  a Ax ax a  Ay  ay  a


ax a cos   ay  a sin   az az 1
Az ( Ax ax  Ay  ay  Az az)  az Az az az Az
ax a sin   ay  a cos  

az a az  0
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
x r sin     cos  

y r sin    sin   

z r cos   

2 2 2
r x y z r0

acos   z
 0    180
 2 2 2
 x y z 

atan 
y
 
 x
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
The Spherical Coordinate System
x r sin     cos  

y r sin    sin   

z r cos   

r dr d
r sin     dr d

r  sin     d d
2

r  sin     dr d d


2
Dot products of unit vectors in spherical and
Cartesian coordinate systems
• ax · ar = sin Ө cos Φ
• ay · ar = sin Ө sin Φ
• az · ar = cos Ө
• ax · aӨ = cos Ө cos Φ
• ay · aӨ = cos Ө sin Φ
• az · aӨ = - sin Ө
• ax · aΦ = - sin Φ
• ay · aΦ = cos Φ
• az · aΦ = 0

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