DRYLAND TECHNOLOGIES S.
Renuga
FOR CROP PRODUCTION 2018033062
DRYLAND
Cultivation of crops in areas receiving rainfall more than
750mm is known as dryland farming
Dry spells during crop period occurs
Dryland farming areas are grouped under semiarid regions
Adoption of soil and moisture conservation and also
provision of drainage especially in black soils are necessary
TECHNIQUES OF REDUCE EVAPORATION
AND TRANSPIRATION LOSS
Mulches
Antitranspirants
Wind breaks
Weed control
MULCHES
Evaporation losses can be reduce by mulching
Mulch is any material applied on the soil surface
Benefits – soil conservation
- weed control
- improve soil structure
- reduce the soil erosion
- conserve the soil moisture
TYPES OF MULCHING
1) Soil or dust mulch - loosen surface soil
act as a mulch. through Intercultural
operation to create dust mulch.
2) Stubble mulch – crop residues are left in
soil surface.
3) Straw mulch – straw used as a mulching
material
4) Plastic mulch – polyethylene , polyvinyl
chloride are used
5) Vertical mulch
REDUCE TRANSPIRATION LOSSES
99% loss through transpiration. 1% used by plants
Using of antitranspirant is a technique to reduce transpiration
loss
1) Stomatal closing- PMA and atrazine
2) Film forming- plastic or waxy material, silicone
3) Reflective – 5% kaolin , celite
4) Growth retardant- Cyclocel
WIND BREAKS AND SHELTER BELTS
Wind breaks
-structure to obstruct wind flow and reduce the wind speed.
Shelterbelts
- trees are planted across the wind direction
- they do not reduce the wind flow completely
- reduce the wind speed without causing turbulence
WEED CONTROL
weed control eliminates the
competition of weeds with crops for
limited soil moisture.
Transpiration rate from weeds is more
compared to crops.
Effective weed control in dryland
agriculture leads to increasing
availability of soil moisture to crops.
APPLICATION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION
Nutrient solution spray is recommended in the event of
revival of rain and release of moisture stress.
Urea or DAP spray (2% solution) is useful for quicker
regeneration of crops like legumes and castor after rain.
OTHER TECHNIQUES
Timely preparatory and seedling operations
The use of improved crop varieties
For moisture conservation in the soil , deep tillage ,
surface cultivation , and stubble mulching want to be
practiced.
Conjunctive usage of rainfall , surface and groundwater
Soil conservation by contour bunding , terracing etc
Integrated nutrient management
THANK YOU…
