Scribd
Upload
93 views

4 Methods of Philosophizing Scientific

The document discusses the scientific method as a process for determining truth through experimentation, observation, and hypothesis testing. It compares the scientific method to the Socratic and dialectic methods, which determine truth through discussion. The scientific method is evidence-based and leads to valid, proven conclusions about the natural world. Examples are given of how experiments can test hypotheses and distinguish facts from opinions.

Uploaded by

Vanessa May Abarca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
93 views

4 Methods of Philosophizing Scientific

The document discusses the scientific method as a process for determining truth through experimentation, observation, and hypothesis testing. It compares the scientific method to the Socratic and dialectic methods, which determine truth through discussion. The scientific method is evidence-based and leads to valid, proven conclusions about the natural world. Examples are given of how experiments can test hypotheses and distinguish facts from opinions.

Uploaded by

Vanessa May Abarca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

SCIENTIFIC

METHOD
Rollee Balona, MATPh

ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts


OBJECTIVES

•At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

• Define and discuss the scientific method of


philosophizing
• Compare the Socratic, Dialectic and Scientifi
c methods as methods of philosophizing
OBJECTIVES

•At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

• Distinguish opinions from truths by analyzin


g given situations, and
• Justify the validity of the statement “The scie
ntific method leads to wisdom and truth”
In your science class, you already know that w
hen salt and sugar are dissolved in water, th
ey form a homogeneous solution.
On the other hand, sand combined with wate
r forms s heterogeneous mixture.
• What process led you to know that?
METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING

• …a process of determining the truth or drawing co


nclusions from a statement using various philosoph
ical methods, such as:
Socratic
Dialectic
Scientific, and
Historical
• Doing experiments are standard in science classes.
• In the previous example, knowing whether a mixtu
re is heterogeneous or homogeneous can easily be
done just by performing a simple test
• This lesson involves the process of experimentation
and observation referred to as the scientific metho
d of philosophizing
SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• The term “science” is derived from the Latin word “s


cientia” which means “to produce knowledge
• The SCIENTIFIC METHOD, also called empirical met
hod, is a process of determining truth or knowledg
e through experimentation, inductive and deductiv
e reasoning and hypothesis or theory testing
SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• The scientific method could trace its history from th


e Classical period with Aristotle giving the earliest s
tructured theory on the scientific approach
• The process begins with an idea about any given to
pic. Hypothesis testing is done to prove the validity
of this idea
SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• In a philosophical view, the means of hypothesis tes


ting and its results are considered the most importa
nt feature of the method
• The scientific method also values observation as an
important aspect because it contributes to further
understanding the results of the hypothesis testing
Examples…

• Exposing one plant to sunlight while limiting the ex


posure of another is done to test which setting pro
motes better plant growth
• Testing and quantifying morality, love, mercy, justic
e or compassion which are all realities that do not d
well in the realm of materialism
The Scientific, Dialectic and Socratic Methods

• Both the Socratic and Dialectic methods are based


on a discussion between two or more people who
may carry differing views but wish to pursue the tru
th by seeking an agreement with one another
The Scientific, Dialectic and Socratic Methods

• Meanwhile, the SCIENTIFIC METHOD is a process of


determining truth or knowledge through experime
ntation, inductive and deductive reasoning and hyp
othesis or theory testing
The Scientific, Dialectic and Socratic Methods
OPINION and TRUTH

• OPINION
 …a personal view formed about a particular matter
 …an example of this would be your take on who among y
our science teachers is the best
• TRUTH
 …something that has actual and proven existence regardl
ess of one’s opinion
 …for example, raspberry plants that receive the most wat
er grow the biggest
Distinguish Opinion from the Truth
Distinguish Opinion from the Truth

• Situation A
 …reveals the truth because it is proven scientifically
• Situation B
 …expresses an opinion because it is personal view about t
he topic
Scientific Method Leads to Wisdom and Truth

• The Scientific Method leads to wisdom and truth b


ecause it uses an evidence-based approach to com
e up with its conclusion.
• In this method, all truths are supported by facts tha
t can easily be tested or proven again through expe
riments, logical reasoning or observation
Scientific Method Leads to Wisdom and Truth

• The knowledge and truth gained from the scientific


method are assured to come directly from valid con
clusions
Scientific Method Leads to Wisdom and Truth
Through out the year…

…the scientific method has been used by professionals and amateurs alike to
come up with conclusions about their topics of interest

…many studies have been done to facilitate a scientific method in exploring a


certain phenomenon

…one such notable experiment is Louis Pasteur’s, whose discovery of the proc
ess of pasteurization greatly boosted the food and healthy industry

…as a student, how can you apply the scientific method to answer your questi
ons?
Observe the environment around you…

…do you have any question about how things work?

…do you have your hypothesis about it?

…try to devise your own experiment to generate an answer to your question

…you may also use your observational skills to further define the problem at h
and

…if you are unable to devise your own experiment, you can visit some websit
e that can show you videos or lessons about your topic of interest

…remember to observe the process presented to you


Tips…

• The scientific method should always be concluded with supporting evidenc


e

• However, ideas to be tested may or may not be derived from existing facts

• The use of observation in the scientific method is a critical aspect of suppor


ting empirical conclusions

• Be sure that all your senses are actively engaged to observe during experim
entation

You might also like