BIG DATA

Content

1. Introduction
2. What is Big Data
3. Characteristic of Big Data
4. Storing, Selecting and Processing of Big Data
5. Why Big Data
6. How it is Different
7. Big Data sources
8. Tools used in Big Data
9. Application of Big Data
10. Risks of Big Data
11. Benefits of Big Data
12. How Big Data Impact on IT
13. Future of Big Data
 Introduction

 Big Data may well be the Next Big Thing in the IT world

 Big data burst upon the scene in the first decade of the 21st
century.

 The first organizations to embrace it were online and startup

firms. Firms like Google, eBay, LinkedIn, and Facebook were
built around big data from the beginning.

 Like many new information technologies, big data can bring

about dramatic cost reductions, substantial improvements in the
time required to perform a computing task, or new product and
service offerings.
 What is BIG DATA?

• ‘Big Data’ is similar to ‘small data’, but bigger in size

• but having data bigger it requires different approaches:

– Techniques, tools and architecture

• an aim to solve new problems or old problems in a

better way

• Big Data generates value from the storage and

processing of very large quantities of digital
information that cannot be analyzed with traditional
computing techniques.
 What is BIG DATA
• Walmart handles more than 1 million customer transactions
every hour

• Facebook handles 40 billion photos from its user base.

• Decoding the human genome originally took 10 years to

process; now it can be achieved in one week
 Three Characteristics of Big Data V3s
Volume Velocity Variety • • • Data Types

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1st Character of Big Data Volume
• A typical PC might have had 10 gigabytes of storage in
2000.

• Today, Facebook ingests 500 terabytes of new data every

day.

• Boeing 737 will generate 240 terabytes of flight data during

a single flight across the US.

• The smart phones, the data they create and consume; sensors
embedded into everyday objects will soon result in billions
of new, constantly-updated data feeds containing
environmental, location, and other information, including
video.
2nd Character of Big Data Velocity

• Clickstreams and ad impressions capture user behavior

at millions of events per second

• high-frequency stock trading algorithms reflect market

changes within microseconds

• machine to machine processes exchange data between

billions of devices

• infrastructure and sensors generate massive log data in

real time

• on-line gaming systems support millions of concurrent

users, each producing multiple inputs per second.
 3rd Character of Big Data Variety

• Big Data isn't just numbers, dates, and strings. Big Data is also
geospatial data, 3D data, audio and video, and unstructured
text, including log files and social media.

• Traditional database systems were designed to address smaller

volumes of structured data, fewer updates or a predictable,
consistent data structure.

• Big Data analysis includes different types of data

 Storing Big Data

 Analyzing your data characteristics

 Selecting data sources for analysis
 Eliminating redundant data

 Establishing the role of NoSQL

 Overview of Big Data stores

• Data models: key value, graph, document, column-family
• Hadoop Distributed File System
• Hbase
• Hive
 Selecting Big Data stores

• Choosing the correct data stores based on your data

characteristics

• Moving code to data

• Implementing polyglot data store solutions

• Aligning business goals to the appropriate data store

Processing Big Data
 Integrating disparate data stores

• Mapping data to the programming framework

• Connecting and extracting data from storage

• Transforming data for processing

• Subdividing data in preparation for Hadoop Map Reduce

 Employing Hadoop Map Reduce

• Creating the components of Hadoop Map Reduce jobs

• Distributing data processing across server farms

• Executing Hadoop Map Reduce jobs

• Monitoring the progress of job flows

 The Structure of Big Data

Credit & Market Risk in Banks

Real-Time
Fraud Detection (Credit Card) & Financial Crimes (AML) In Banks
 Structured (Including Social Network Analysis)

Event Based Marketing in Financial Services and Telecom

• Most traditional data sources
Markdown Optimization in Retail
 Semi-structured
Claim and Tax Fraud in Public Sector
• Many sources of big data
Data Velocity Predictive
Social Media
 Unstructured Maintenance in
Sentiment Analysis
Aerospace

• Video data, audio data

Demand Disease Analysis
Forecasting in on Electronic
Manufacturing Health Records
Batch

Video
Traditional Data
Text Mining Surveillance/Analy
Warehousing
sis
 Why Big Data

 Growth of Big Data is needed

• Increase of storage capacities

• Increase of processing power

• Availability of data(different data types)

– Every day we create 2.5 quintillion bytes of data;

90% of the data in the world today has been created in
the last two years alone
 Why Big Data

Fig 1. The Internet of Things Was "Born" Between 2017 and 2018
FB generates 10TB daily
World Population 6.3 Billion 6.8 Billion 7.2 Billion 7.6 Billion
500 Million 12.5 billion 25 Billion 50 Billion
Twitter generates 7TB of data Daily Connected Devices

IBM claims 90% of today’s stored data

was generated in just the last two
years.

Conneced
devices Per 0.08 1.84 3.47 6.58
Person
 How Is Big Data Different?

1) Automatically generated by a machine (e.g.

Sensor embedded in an engine)

2) Typically an entirely new source of data (e.g. Use

of the internet)

3) Not designed to be friendly (e.g. Text streams)

4) May not have much values • Need to focus on the

important part 16
Big Data sources

Users

Application Large and growing files

(Big data files)
Systems

Sensors
Data generation points Examples
Big Data - a Growing torrent

Mobile Devices $600 To buy a disk drive that can store all of the world
music

Microphones 5 Billion Mobile phones in

use in 2010
To buy a disk drive that can store all of the
Readers/Scanners 5 Billion world music

Projected growth in
Science facilities 40% global data generated

Programs/ Software
per year Vs
5%
growth in global
Terabytes data collected by IT spending

Social Media
235 the US Library of Congress
by April 2011

15 out of 17
Cameras Sectors in the united states have more data stored
per company than the US Library of Congress
 Big Data Analytics

• Examining large amount of data

• Appropriate information

• Identification of hidden patterns, unknown correlations

• Competitive advantage

• Better business decisions: strategic and operational

• Effective marketing, customer satisfaction, increased

revenue
 Types of tools used in Big-Data
Where processing is hosted?
– Distributed Servers / Cloud (e.g. Amazon EC2)

Where data is stored?

– Distributed Storage (e.g. Amazon S3)

What is the programming model?

– Distributed Processing (e.g. Map Reduce)

How data is stored & indexed?

– High-performance schema-free databases (e.g. MongoDB)

What operations are performed on data?

– Analytic / Semantic Processing
 Application Of Big Data analytics

Smarter Healthcare Multi-channel sales

Homeland Security Telecom

Traffic Control Trading Analytics

Manufacturing
Search Quality
 Risks of Big Data
Will be so overwhelmed
• Need the right people and solve the right problems

Costs escalate too fast

• Isn’t necessary to capture 100%

Many sources of big data

is privacy
• self-regulation
• Legal regulation
 Leading Technology Vendors

Example Vendors Commonality

• MPP(massively parallel
• IBM – Netezza
architectures)
• EMC – Greenplum
• Commodity Hardware
• Oracle – Exadata
• RDBMS based
• Full SQL compliance
 How Big data impacts on IT

• Big data is a troublesome force presenting

opportunities with challenges to IT organizations.

• By 2019 4.4 million IT jobs in Big Data ; 1.9 million

is in US itself

• India will require a minimum of 1 lakh data

scientists in the next couple of years in addition to
data analysts and data managers to support the Big
Data space.
 Potential Value of Big Data

Annual Potential talent pool available for Big Data in India

$300 billion potential annual
value to US health care. IT Professionals 2,800,000

$600 billion potential annual Graduate in Maths/Science 700,000

consumer surplus from using
Engineers 500,000
personal location data.
While Total
Graduate in Economics 350,000
Talent availablity
60% potential in retailers’ is high, ready to
operating margins. Post Graduate in Maths/Science 300,000
hire talent for
Big Data would
MBAs 250,000
be just ~3-5 per
PhDs 14,000 cent of the total

Graduate in Statistics 5,000

India – Big Data

 Gaining attraction

 Huge market opportunities for IT services (82.9%

of revenues) and analytics firms (17.1 % )

 Current market size is $200 million. By 2015 $1

billion.

 The opportunity for Indian service providers lies in

offering services around Big Data implementation
and analytics for global multinationals
 Benefits of Big Data

 Real-time big data isn’t just a process for storing petabytes or

exabytes of data in a data warehouse, It’s about the ability to
make better decisions and take meaningful actions at the right
time.

 Fast forward to the present and technologies like Hadoop give

you the scale and flexibility to store data before you know
how you are going to process it.

 Technologies such as Map Reduce, Hive and Impala enable

you to run queries without changing the data structures
underneath.
 Benefits of Big Data

Our newest research finds that organizations are using big data
to target customer-centric outcomes, tap into internal data and
build a better information ecosystem.

Big Data is already an important part of the $64 billion database

and data analytics market

It offers commercial opportunities of a comparable scale to

enterprise software in the late 1980s

And the Internet boom of the 1990s, and the social media
explosion of today.
 Future of Big Data
o $15 billion on software firms only specializing in data
management and analytics.

o This industry on its own is worth more than $100 billion and
growing at almost 10% a year which is roughly twice as fast
as the software business as a whole.

o In February 2012, the open source analyst firm Wikibon

released the first market forecast for Big Data , listing $5.1B
revenue in 2012 with growth to $53.4B in 2017

o The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that data volume is

growing 40% per year, and will grow 44x between 2009 and
2020