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Advanced Thermodynamics & Heat Engines: M SC in Mechanical System Design & Engineering In, I/I

This document contains 6 examples of thermodynamics problems involving processes like the addition of heat to systems containing air, water, or steam. The examples involve determining values like temperature, pressure, work, heat transfer, and mass. Sketches of processes on P-V and T-V diagrams are provided. The problems demonstrate applications of the first law of thermodynamics and concepts like constant pressure and heating until only saturated vapor remains.

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Sandip Ghimire
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151 views7 pages

Advanced Thermodynamics & Heat Engines: M SC in Mechanical System Design & Engineering In, I/I

This document contains 6 examples of thermodynamics problems involving processes like the addition of heat to systems containing air, water, or steam. The examples involve determining values like temperature, pressure, work, heat transfer, and mass. Sketches of processes on P-V and T-V diagrams are provided. The problems demonstrate applications of the first law of thermodynamics and concepts like constant pressure and heating until only saturated vapor remains.

Uploaded by

Sandip Ghimire
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADVANCED THERMODYNAMICS

& HEAT ENGINES

M Sc in Mechanical System Design &


Engineering in, I/I

Examples for Revision and First


Law
Example 1.1
A piston cylinder device shown in Figure E1.1 contains 0.1 kg of
air initially at a pressure of 4 MPa and temperature of 2000C. Heat is
added to the system until the pressure is 8 MPa and the temperature
is 8000C. Sketch the process on P-V and T-V diagrams and
determine the total work transfer. [Take R = 287 J/kg K]

Figure E1.1 1.82 kJ

Advanced Thermodynamics & 2


Heat Engines
Example 1.2
Air (0.01 kg) is contained in a piston cylinder device restrained by a
linear spring (k = 500 kN/m) as shown in Figure E1.2. Spring
initially touches the piston but exerts no force on it. Heat is added to
the system until the piston is displaced upward by 80 mm. determine
(a) the temperature at which piston leaves the stops and
(b) work done by the air. [Take R = 287 J/kg. K, Patm = 100 kPa
and g = 9.81 m/s2]

342.520C, 2.307 kJ

Figure E1.2 Advanced Thermodynamics & 3


Heat Engines
Example 1.3
A closed rigid container with a volume of 0.2 m3, initially contains a
mixture of saturated liquid water and saturated water vapor at a
pressure of 100 kPa with a quality of 40 %. Heat is added to the
system until its pressure reaches 200 kPa. Sketch the process on P-v
and T-v diagrams and determine
(a) the temperature at each state,
(b) the mass of vapor present at each state.
(c) If the heating is continued, determine the pressure at which the
container holds only saturated vapor.
(d) Plot the heat transfer, in kJ, and the mass of saturated vapor
present, in kg, each versus pressure at state 2 ranging from 100
kPa to 250 kPa. Discuss the results.

99.6320C, 120.240C, 0.1179 kg, 0.2257 kg, 266.465 kPa


Advanced Thermodynamics & 4
Heat Engines
Example 1.4
A piston is free to move between two sets of stops in a piston
cylinder device shown in Figure E1.4 When the piston rests on the
bottom stops, the volume is 0.3 m3 and when the piston reaches the
upper stops, the volume is 0.6 m3. The system initially contains
water at 100 kPa with a quality 10%. Heat is supplied to the system
until it contains only saturated vapor. The mass of the piston is such
that a pressure of 250 kPa is required to lift the piston. Sketch the
process on P-v and T-v diagrams and determine
(a) the final pressure
(b) the total work transfer, and
(c) the total heat transfer.

553.43 kPa, 75 kJ, 3488.15 kJ

Figure E1.4
Advanced Thermodynamics & 5
Heat Engines
Example 1.5
An air compressor takes in air at 100 kPa, 290 K, and delivers it at 1
MPa, 600 K to a constant-pressure cooler, which the air exits at 300
K as shown in Figure E1.5. Find the specific compressor work and
the specific heat transfer in the cooler.

Figure E1.5
311.5 5kJ, - 301.5 kJ

Advanced Thermodynamics & 6


Heat Engines
Example 1.6
A tank having a volume of 0.85 m3 initially contains water as a two-
phase liquid—vapor mixture at 2600C and a quality of 0.7. Saturated
water vapor at 2600C is slowly withdrawn through a pressure-
regulating valve at the top of the tank as energy is transferred by
heat to maintain the pressure constant in the tank. This continues
until the tank is filled with saturated vapor at 2600C. Determine the
amount of heat transfer, in kJ. Neglect all kinetic and potential
energy effects.

14166.9 kJ

Advanced Thermodynamics & 7


Heat Engines

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