COMPUTER

NETWORK
CONNECTION
GROUP 6
Introduction
A Computer Network is a group of
devices connected with each other
through wires, routers, switches,
cables, fiber optics, or wireless signals.

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TOPOLOG
Y
TWO TYPES OF TOPOLOGIES

• Physical Topology
1

• Logical Topology
2
 Physical Topologies
• The physical topology is the way
you physically lay out the network, like a map.
• The placement of the various components of
a network and The different connectors usually
represent the physical network cables, and the
nodes represents usually the physical
network devices (like switches).
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 Ring Topology
• A ring topology is a network configuration where device
connections create a circular data path. Each networked
device is connected to two others, like points on a circle.
• Data travels from node to node, with each node along the
way handling every packet.

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 Hierarchical or Extended Star
Topology
• A hierarchical or extended star topology is a star
network with an additional networking device connected
to the main networking device. Typically,
a network cable connects to one switch, and then several
other switches connect to the first switch.

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 Mesh Topology
• A mesh topology is a network setup where each
computer and network device is interconnected with one
another. This topology setup allows for most
transmissions to be distributed even if one of the
connections goes down. It is a topology commonly used
for wireless networks.
• Formula = N(N-1)/2

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 Hybrid Topology
• Hybrid topology is a type of network
topology that uses two or more
differing network topologies.

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 Logical Topologies
• Logical topology is the arrangement of devices on
a computer network and how they communicate
with one another.
• Logical topologies describe how signals act on the
network and can be dynamically maintained and
reconfigured. 
 Token Passing
• Token passing controls network access by passing
an electronic token sequentially to each host. When
a host receives the token, it can send data on the
network. If the host has no data to send, it passes
the token to the next host, and the process repeats.

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 Broadcast
• broadcast topology, each host addresses data to
either a particular host or to all hosts connected on
a network. There is no order that the hosts must
follow to use the network. It is first come, first
served for transmitting data on the network.

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 Types of
Networks

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A COMPUTER NETWORK IS IDENTIFIED BY THE
FOLLOWING SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS:
• The area it serves
• How the data is stored
• How the resources are managed
• How the network is organized
• The type of networking devices
used
• The type of media used to
connect the devices
THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
NETWORKS
1 • Local-Area Network (LAN)

2 • Wide-Area Networks (WAN)

3 • Wireless LANs (WLAN)

• Peer-to-Peer network
4
• Client/Server network
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 Local-Area Network (LAN)
• is a group of interconnected devices that is under the same
administrative control.
• The important thing to remember is that all the local networks
within a LAN are under one administrative control group that
governs the security and access control policies that are in force
on the network.

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 Wide-Area Networks (WAN)
• are networks that connect LANs in geographically separated
locations.
• The most common example of a WAN is the Internet. The
Internet is a large WAN that is composed of millions of
interconnected LANs.
• Telecommunications service providers (TSP) are used to
interconnect these LANs at different locations.

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 Wireless LANs (WLAN)
• is a network that allows
devices to connect and
communicate wirelessly. Unlike
a traditional wired LAN, in
which devices communicate over
Ethernet cables, devices on a
WLAN communicate via Wi-Fi.

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Wi-Fi stands
for Wireless
Fidelity
TRIVIA

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 Peer-to-Peer Network
• In a peer-to-peer network, devices are connected directly to
each other without any additional networking devices
between them.
• In this type of network, each device has equivalent capabilities
and responsibilities. Individual users are responsible for their own
resources and can decide which data and devices to share.
• Because individual users are responsible for the resources on their
own computers, the network has no central point of control or
administration.

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 Client/Server Network
• In a client/server network the client requests information or
services from the server. The server provides the requested
information or service to the client.
• Servers on a client/server network commonly perform some of
the processing work for client machines, such as sorting through a
database before delivering only the records requested by the
client.

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Advantages of Installing a School Network

File Sharing Sharing Devices Sharing Internet

Speed Cost Security

Centralized Software
Electronic Mail Flexible Access
Management

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 File Sharing
• Network file sharing between computers gives you more
flexibility rather than using floppy drives or Zip drives. you
can use the network to save copies of your important data on a
different computer, examples share photos, music files and
documents.

Sharing Devices
• Sharing devices is another benefit in which a network exceeds
stand-alone computers. For example laser printers, fax
machines, modems, scanners and CD-ROM players, when
these peripherals are added to a network, they can be shared by
many users.

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 Sharing Internet Access
• In computer network, students can
access the internet simultaneously.

Speed
• Using a network is faster way for
sharing and transferring files. Without a
network, files are shared by copying
them to floppy disk.
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 Cost
• Networkable versions of many popular software
programmes are available at considerable savings
compared to buying individual licensed copies. Its allows
easier upgrading of the program.

Security
• Files and programmes on a network are more secure as the
users do not have to worry about illegal copying of
programmes. Passwords can be applied for specific
directories to restrict access to unauthorized users.

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 Centralized Software Management
• One of the greatest benefits of installing a school network is the fact that all of
the software can be loaded on one computer (the server). This saves time and
energy when installing updates and tracking files.

Electronic Mail
• A network that provides the hardware necessary to install an e - mail system. E-
mail’s help in personal and professional communication for all school personnel
as it enables the spread of general information to the entire school staff.
Example, electronic mail on LAN (Local Area Network) enables students to
communicate with teachers and peers at their own school when connected to the
Internet, it enables users to communicate with others.

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 Flexible Access
• School networks allow students to
access their files from computers
throughout the school. Some schools
provide public access to students to
begin an assignment in the computer
lab and save then access the file when
they are at a cyber cafe or home.

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Disadvantages of Installing a
School Network
Requires
Expensive to Install
Administrative Time

Servers Fail Cables May Break

Security and
compliance
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 Expensive to Install
• Large campus networks can carry hefty price tags. Cabling,
network cards, routers, bridges, firewalls, wireless access points,
and software can get expensive, and the installation would
certainly require the services of technicians. But, with the ease of
setup of home networks, a simple network with internet access
can be setup for a small campus in an afternoon.

Requires Administrative Time

• Proper maintenance of a network requires considerable time and
expertise. Many schools have installed a network, only to find that
they did not budget for the necessary administrative support.

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 Servers Fail
• Although a network server is no more susceptible to failure than any
other computer, when the files server "goes down" the entire network
may come to a halt. Good network design practices say that critical
network services (provided by servers) should be redundant on the
network whenever possible.

Cables May Break

• The Topology chapter presents information about the various
configurations of cables. Some of the configurations are designed to
minimize the inconvenience of a broken cable; with other
configurations, one broken cable can stop the entire network.

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 Security and Compliance
• Network security is expensive. It is also very
important. A school network would possibly be
subject to more stringent security requirements than a
similarly-sized corporate network, because of its
likelihood of storing personal and confidential
information of network users, the danger of which can
be compounded if any network users are minors. A
great deal of attention must be paid to network
services to ensure all network content is appropriate
for the network community it serves.

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 Network
Hardware

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Router
• is a connecting device
that transfers data
packets between
different computer
networks.
Repeater
• receives a signal and
regenerates it before re-
transmitting so that it can
travel longer distances.
Hub
• is a multiport repeater
having several
input/output ports, so that
input at any port is
available at every other
port.
Switch
• receives data from a port,
uses packet switching to
resolve the destination
device and then forwards
the data to the particular
destination, rather than
broadcasting it as a hub.
Bridge
• A Bridge connects two
separate Ethernet
network segments
Gateway
• A Gateway connects
entirely different
networks that work
upon different
protocols.
 GROUP 6
GROUP MEMBERS
 ALLEN RAY DAVID
 BENEDICT GALURA

Thank you  DIANA NADINE JULIANO

 JAYSON DEROXAS
 K.D RAPHAEL DALUSONG
 KC GLENN DAVID
 KRISTINE LIM

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