MORPHOLOGY/SAE 2226
LECTURER:
Ely Hayati Nasution, S.S., M.Si
SYLLABUS & COURSE AGREEMENTS
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BRAINSTORMING
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TODAY'S
ACTIVITIES 03. INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGY
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ASSIGNMENT
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01. SYLLABUS AND COURSE AGREEMENTS
Syllabus Course Agreements
1. Activate your e-learning account/Join
Attached
GCR.
2. Join the class minimally 80% of the total
attendance.
3. Be active and cooperative.
4. Complete the assignments, quizzes, mid
and final examinations.
5. Turn on your camera.
6. Manage your microphone properly.
7. Confirm to any problems, difficulties,
questions communicatively (WAG)
8. Join the class in time.
9. Others????
PART 02
BRAINSTORMING
Click the link given and answer the question
PART 03
Morphology: An Overview
01. History of Morphology
PANINI, Ancient Indian linguist in 6th century BC who formulated the 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology in
the text Aṣṭādhyāyī.
The Greco_x0002_Roman grammatical tradition also took interest in morphological analysis, as well as
studies In Arabic morphology.
In 1786, Sir William Jones claimed that Sanskrit, Latin, Persian and Germanic languages
were descended from a common ancestor.
In 1899, under the influence of Darwinian Theory of evolution, Max Muller delivered his lectures in Oxford
that the study of the evolution of words illuminated the evolution of language just as in biology morphology.
His specific claim was that the study of the 400-500 basic roots of the Indo_x0002_European ancestors of
many of the languages of Europe and Asia was the key to understanding the origin of human language.
August Schleicher, a German linguist who coined the term “morphology” which was derived from the Greek
words μορφή ("form") and λόγος ("explanation, account").
02.
Definitions of Morphology
The term ‘morphology’ has been taken over from biology where it is used to denote the study of the forms
of plants and animals. Its first recorded use is in writings by the German poet and writer Goethe in 1796. It
was first used for linguistic purposes in 1859 by the German linguist AugustSchleicher (Salmon 2000), to
refer to the study of the form of words.
Morphology is the branch of linguistics studying structure of words (Crystal, 1989).
Morphology is the study of word structure (Katamba, 1993).
Morphology is the study of words and their structure (Bauer, 2003).
Morphology’ refers to the study of the internal structure of words, and of the systematic form–meaning
correspondences between words (Booij, 2007).
Morphology is the study of word formation, including the ways new words are coined in the languages
of the world, and the way forms of words are varied depending on how they’re used in sentences
(Lieber, 2009).
Morpfology morphology refers to the mental system involved in word formation or to the branch of
linguistics that deals with words, their internal struc_x0002_ture, and how they are formed. (Aronoff and
Fudeman, 2011)
03.
The Functions of Morphology
The two basic functions of morphological operations are (i) the creation of new words (i.e. new
lexemes), and (ii) spelling out the appropriate form of a lexeme in a particular syntactic context.
Examples:
(i) create:
(ii) The boys______________
Provides means for extending the set of words of a language in a systematic way since language users
need new expressions for new objects, or for new concepts. (Booij, 2007)
04.
The Significance of Studying Morphology
Decoding – Readers who recognize morphemes read more quickly and accurately.
Vocabulary – Knowledge of meaning of word parts expands reader’s vocabulary.
Comprehension - Knowledge of morphemeshelps makes meaning from text.
Spelling - Morphemes are units that can be predictably spelled.
05.
The Goals of Morphology
Providing a a set of tools (a set of analytic notions) for language description needed by linguists to
describe and analyse the languages of the world as accurately and as insightfully as possible by
dealing with the morphological phenomena of a language.
Developing a typology of languages: what are the dimensions along which languages diVer, and how
are these dimensions of variation related and restricted? Do all languages have morphology, and of
all possible kinds? Are there explanations for the morphological similarities and diVerences between
languages?
Being a probe into the nature of linguistic systems, and hence into human, natural language. It
serves to get a better understanding of the nature of linguistic rules and the internal organization of
the grammar of natural languages. Thus we may get to know more about the architecture of the
human language faculty and about the nature of rule-governed creativity in the domain of language.
Getting a better insight as to how lin_x0002_guistic rules function in language perception and
production, and how linguistic knowledge is mentally represented. Both psychological and historical
evidence throw light on this issue. Thus, morphology contributes to the wider goals of cognitive
science that explores the cognitive abilities of human beings. (Booij, 2007)
ANY QUESTIONS?
ASSIGNMENT I
With your own words, describe why studying morphology nowadays is very
important. Support your reasons with relevant examples (relate them to the
current trends, such as the use of words in the social media, brands, online
marketplace, etc.). Type in A4 paper size, TNR 12, 1.5 space, and 2.5 for e
ach page border (min. 1 page). Submit a day before the following meeting t
o our class via E-LEARNING USU
Next Meeting
Read about 'Morphology and Other Branches of
Linguistics: A Correlation
'
THANK YOU
STAY SAFE AND HEALTHY
