ME-102
Engineering Graphics
Dr. Arsalan Arif
Technical Graphics Communication by Eric N. Wiebe and Garry R. Bertoline
Spring Semester 2021
Lecture 6
Sectioning
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences & Technology
SECTIONING
SECTIONING
PURPOSES OF
SECTION VIEWS
Clarify the views by
reducing or eliminating the hidden lines.
revealing the cross sectional’s shape.
Facilitate the dimensioning.
Let See the
example
EXAMPLE : Advantage of using a section view.
CUTTING PLANE
Cutting plane is a plane that imaginarily cuts
the object to reveal the internal features.
Cutting
plane Cutting plane line
Section lines
CUTTING PLANE LINE
Cutting plane line is an edge view of the cutting plane.
Indicate the path
of cutting plane.
CUTTING PLANE LINESTYLES
Thick line
ANSI
Viewing
standard
direction
Thick line
Viewing
direction
TS & ISO Thin line
standard
Viewing
direction
SECTION LINING
Section lines or cross-hatch lines are used to
indicate the surfaces that are cut by the cutting
plane.
Section
lines
Drawn with thin lines.
SECTION LINES SYMBOLS
The section lines are different for each of
material’s type.
For practical purpose, the cast iron symbol is
used most often for any materials.
Cast iron, Steel Concrete Sand Wood
Malleable iron
SECTION LINING PRACTICE
The spaces between lines may vary from 1.5 mm
for small sections to 3 mm for large sections.
COMMON MISTAKE
SECTION LINING PRACTICE
It should not be drawn parallel or perpendicular
to contour of the view.
COMMON MISTAKE
TREATMENT OF HIDDEN LINES
Hidden lines are normally omitted from section
views.
TYPES OF SECTIONS
1. Full section
2. Offset section
3. Half section
4. Broken-out section
5. Revolved section (aligned section)
6. Removed section (detailed section)
FULL SECTION VIEW
The view is made by passing the straight cutting
plane completely through the part.
OFFSET SECTION VIEW
The view is made by passing the bended cutting
plane completely through the part.
Do not show the edge views
of the cutting plane.
HALF SECTION VIEW
The view is made by passing the cutting plane halfway
through an object and remove a quarter of it.
HALF SECTION VIEW
A center line is used to separate the sectioned half
from the unsectioned half of the view.
Hidden line is omitted in unsection half of the view.
BROKEN-OUT SECTION VIEW
The view is made by passing the cutting plane normal
to the viewing direction and removing the portion of an
object in front of it.
BROKEN-OUT SECTION VIEW
A break line is used to separate
the sectioned portion from the
unsectioned portion of the view.
Break line is a thin continuous
line (0.25) and is drawn
freehand.
There is no cutting plane line.
EXAMPLE : Comparison among several section techniques
REVOLVED SECTION VIEW
Revolved sections show cross-sectional
features of a part.
No need for additional orthographic views.
This section is especially helpful when a
cross-section varies.
REVOLVED SECTION VIEW
Basic concept
REVOLVED SECTION VIEW
Basic concept
REVOLVED SECTION VIEW
Placement of revolved section
1. Superimposed to orthographic view.
2. Break from orthographic view.
Break Superimposed
REVOLVED SECTION VIEW
REMOVED SECTION VIEW
Removed section is revolved section.
Section view is shown outside the view.
Used where space does not enough for
revolved section
Can be located elsewhere on a drawing with
properly labeled
It may be appropriate to use removed
sections, for beams or arms etc,
REMOVED SECTION VIEW
Revolved section Removed section
REMOVED SECTION VIEW
Poor Preferred
Too messy !!
Conventional Breaks
• Conventional breaks are used to
shorten elongated part.
• This allows to draw a part at larger
scale.
