ADITYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE (A)
Transform Techniques
(201BS2T06)
II SEM ECE(2020-21)
R.K.Durga
Assistant Professor of Mathematics , H&BS-I Dept.
Aditya Engineering College(A)
Mail : [email protected]
Cell: +91-9010402624
Aditya Engineering College (A)
Laplace
Transforms
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
Aditya Engineering College (A)
Topics:
• Definition of Laplace transform
• Laplace transform of some elementary functions
• Properties of Laplace transform
• Laplace transform of some special functions
• Application:
Evaluation of integrals using laplace transform
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
Aditya Engineering College (A)
Definition of laplace transform:
let be a function and defined for all positive values of t. Then
the laplace transform of , denoted by
is defined as
Here s is the parameter.
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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Note: sufficient conditions for existence of laplace transform of a
function:
while finding the laplace transform of a function, the function f(t) must
satisfy the following conditions
• The function f(t) must be piece wise continuous function in interval
• The function f(t) is of exponential order.
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Lapalce transform of some elementary functions:
• ; where k is constant
• ; where n is positive integer
• ; where n is any real number
• ,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
Aditya Engineering College (A)
Properties of laplace transforms:
• Linear property
• First shifting theorem
• Second shifting theorem
• Change of scale property
• Laplace transform of multiplication by t
• Laplace transform of division by t
• Laplace transform of derivatives
• Laplace transform of integrals
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Linear
property:
If and then
Where & are constants.
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of
Sol: let f(t)=
apply linear property,
=
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find the Laplace transform of cos 3t sin 5t
2.
Sol: let f(t)=cos 3t sin 5t
=
=
=
Apply Laplace transform,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find the Laplace transform of
3.
Sol: By the definition of Laplace transform
t
Since the function is discontinuous at , so the entire interval can breaks to 0 to and to
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Practice
problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of the following functions
(i)
(ii) t
(iii)sin 2t sin 3t
(iv) cos 5t cos2t
(v)
2. Find the Laplace transform of
(i) (ii)
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
First shifting theorem:
If
=
Note: using the above theorem
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Problems:
1. find the Laplace transform of
Sol: let f(t)=cos 2t
Now,
Now, apply first shifting theorem,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find the Laplace transform of the
2.
Sol: let
= = =
Now apply first shifting theorem,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Practice
problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of the functions
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• step function (Heaviside unit function):
Unit
The unit step function is defined as
Second shifting theorem:
If and then
Another form of Second shifting theorem:
If then
Where is Heaviside unit function.
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of g(t), where
Sol: let then
Now apply second shifting theorem,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•2.Find
the Laplace transform of
Sol:
here,
Therefore,
Now apply second shifting theorem
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Practice
problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of g(t), where
2. Find the Laplace transform of 3cos4(t-2)u(t-2)
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Change of scale property:
If then
Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of sin 3t using change of scale property
Sol:
f(t) = sin t ; a=3
Now using change of scale property,
=
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Using change of scale property, If then find
2.
Sol: given
By change of scale property
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Laplace
transform of :
(i) Multiplication by t:
If then
(ii) Multiplication by :
If then where n=1,2,3…
Note: If then
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Problems:
1.Find the Laplace transform of t sin t
Sol:
now using multiplication by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find the Laplace transform of
2.
Sol: let
now, apply first shifting theorem, we get
Hence, using multiplication by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•3. Find
Sol: let
Now using multiplication by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Practice
Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)t
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Laplace
transform of division by t:
If
Note:
If
Similarly,
If ds
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of
Sol: let
Now using division by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find
2.
Sol: let
Now using division by t;
ds
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Find the Laplace transform of
3.
Sol: let
Now using division by t;
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
dsds
ds
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
Aditya Engineering College (A)
•Practice
Problems:
1.Find the Laplace transform of the function
(i)
(ii) hence deduce that
(iii)
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Laplace transform of derivatives:
If is continuous and of exponential order and is sectionally continuous then the
Laplace transform of is given by
Note:
Similarly,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Laplace transform of integrals:
If then
Note:
similarly if then
In general,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Problems:
1. Find
Sol: then
=
Using the Laplace transform of integrals,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•2.Find
Sol: given
Now consider
Using multiplication by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• the Laplace transform of integrals,
Using
Hence,
3. Find
Sol: let
And
Now using Laplace transform of division by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Now using Laplace transform of integrals,
Hence,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Practice
problems:
1.Find
2.Find
3.Find
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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Laplace transform of special functions:
• Unit step function or Heaviside’s unit function
• Unit impulse function or Dirac delta function
• Periodic function
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•Unit
step function(Heaviside’s unit function):
This function is denoted by u(t-a) or H(t-a) is defined as follows
where a>0
Laplace transform of unit step function:
The laplacetransform of unit step function is given by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•problem:
1.Find
Sol: let
Now,
Hence, =
Practice problem:
1. Find
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• impulse function or Dirac delta function:
Unit
The unit impulse function is considered as the limiting form of the function
In other words,
It is denoted by
Laplace transform of unit impulse function:
The laplace transform of unit impulse function is given by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Periodic function:
A function f(t) is said to be periodic, if and only if
for some value of T and for all values of t
Alternatively, A function f(t) is said to be periodic function of period , if
laplace transform of periodic function:
If f(t) is periodic function with period T, then the Laplace transform of periodic
function is given by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
problems:
1.Find , where f(t) is periodic function o and if period and it is given by
Sol: since f(t) is periodic function of period T=
the Laplace transform of periodic function is given by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•2. If is periodic function with period 2, find its Laplace transform.
Sol: since f(t) is periodic function with period T = 2
the Laplace transform of periodic function is given by
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Practice problems:
1.If is a periodic function with period . Find its Laplace transform
2.Find where f(t) is given by and
, 2b taking as period of f(t).
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Application of laplace transform:
Evaluation of integrals using laplace transform
Problems:
1. Using laplace transform , evaluate
sol: the given integral is same as
Putting s=3, we get
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•2.Evaluate
sol: we note that the given integral is same as
Let
By multiplication by ,
Hence,
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•=
Putting s =4 , we get
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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• Evaluate
3.
Sol: we note that the given integral is same as
Let
By using division by t,
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Putting s = 0, we get
=
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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•
Practice problems:
1. Using Laplace transform, evaluate
2. Using Laplace transform, evaluate
3. Using Laplace transform, evaluate and hence deduce that dt
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
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Thank you
Transform Techniques R.K.Durga 7/3/21
