Illustrating Extreme
Value Theorem
Extreme Value Theorem
Let f be a function which is continuous on a closed and
bounded interval [a, b]. Then the extreme values
(maximum and minimum) of f always exist, and they occur
either at the endpoints or at the critical points of f.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Steps in Finding the Absolute Extrema
1. Find the first derivative of the given function.
2. Equate the first derivative of the given
function to 0. (To find the critical number/s.)
3. Substitute the given interval and the critical
number/s to the given function.
4. Select the maximum by finding the largest
value in 3rd step and the minimum by
finding the smallest value in 3rd step.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Example:
Direction: Find the extrema of the following
function on the given interval, if there are
any, and determine the values at x at which
the extrema occur.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
•Example:
1. [–3,3]
Step 1: Step 3: Step 4:
Therefore, the
maximum value
30 occurs at x =3
while the
Step 2: minimum value 5
occurs at x = –2
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
•Example:
2. [–1,1]
Step Step 3:
1:
Step 2:
Step 4:
Therefore, the maximum value occurs at x = and the
minimum value 9 occurs at x = 1.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Problems Involving
Optimization
Optimization
Optimization is one of the most essential topics in Basic
Calculus. This topic will help you in making a right
decision when you need to know the maximum or
minimum value of a specific situation. For instance, in
budgeting your allowance, finding the maximum volume of
a three-dimensional figure and for business- in maximizing
revenue.
3.6.2 Problems Involving
Optimization
Steps in Solving Problems Involving
Optimization
1. Transform mathematical phrase into
mathematical equation.
2. Write a function for the item to be optimized.
3. Substitute equation 1 to the optimization
function to make this as one variable. Then,
determine the domain under consideration.
4. Find the first derivative of the optimization
function.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Steps in Solving Problems Involving Optimization
5. Equate the first derivative of the optimization function to
0, to find the critical number (s).
6. Substitute the interval and the critical number (s) to the
given optimized function.
7. Select the final answer on step 6 based on what is being
asked on the problem. For instance, if the problem looks
for maximum therefore, we need to select the largest value
and if the problem looks for the minimum therefore, we
need to select the smallest value.
8. Finalized your answer based on what is being asked in
the problem.
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Example 1:
Eds Matreo, a Science Teacher,
decided to renovate her
rectangular garden by using a
rock wall on one side of the
garden and wire fencing for the
other three sides. If she has only
50 feet of wire fencing, find the
dimension that would give her
the maximum area of her garden.
What is the maximum area?
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Eds Matreo, a Science Teacher, decided to renovate her rectangular garden by using a rock
wall on one side of the garden and wire fencing for the other three sides. If she has only 50
feet of wire fencing, find the dimension that would give her the maximum area of her
garden. What is the maximum area?
a. Mathematical equation: 2x + y = 50 b. Optimization function:
3.6.2 Problems Involving
Optimization
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
Example 2:
Find a pair of non-negative number that have a
product of 48 and minimize the sum of three times
the first number and second number with closed
bounded interval of [1,6]
a. Mathematical equation: x y = 48 b. Optimization function:
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
3.6.1 Illustrating Extreme Value
Theorem
