School of
Civil,
Environmental and
Geological
Engineering
CE135-1
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF
REINFORCED CONCRETE
E ng r. De an C ar l s o n Al ej an d r in o , MS CE
About the Professor
Engr. Dean Carlson Alejandrino,
MSCE
BS in Civil Engineering – Malayan Colleges Laguna
MS in Civil Engineering – Mapua University Intramuros
dcdalejandrino@mapua.edu.ph
CE135-1: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
CE135-1: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
Lecture 1
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
– THE INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
Define Reinforced Concrete
Understand the Concept of Reinforced Concrete
Discuss the Structural System Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
Design
INTRODUCTION
What is Concrete?
Concrete is a construction material formed by concretion or coalescence of particles such cementing
materials, mineral aggregates (Sand and Gravel) and adequate amount of water to cause the
cementing material to bind the entire mass.
What is Reinforcement Steel?
An alloy of iron with various amounts of carbon; embedded in concrete which has mechanical
properties that can be varied over a wide range.
CONCRETE = Good in Compression, Weak in Tension.
STEEL = Weak in Compression, Good in Tension.
INTRODUCTION
Plain Concrete + Reinforcement Steel = Reinforced Concrete
INTRODUCTION
Other Types of Concrete
1. Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) – without reinforcement or with
reinforcement less than the minimum specified for reinforced concrete.
2. Pre-stressed Concrete – structural concrete in which internal stresses
have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses.
INTRODUCTION
Structural System Requirements
1. Structural Analysis – Analytical procedure shall satisfy compatibility of deformation and
equilibrium of forces, (Sec. 404.5.1, NSCP 2015)
2. Strength – Design Strength of a member and its joints and connections, in terms of
moment, axial force, shear, torsion, and bearing, shall be taken as the nominal strength,
multiplied by the applicable strength reduction factor ϕ, and Structures and structural
members shall have design strength at all sections, greater than or equal to the required
strength U calculated for the factored loads and forces in such combinations as required by
this Section or the general building code. (Sec. 404.6.1, and Sec. 404.6.2. NSCP 2015)
INTRODUCTION
Structural System Requirements
Design Strength ≥ Required Strength
3. Serviceability – Evaluation of performance at service load conditions shall consider reactions,
moments, torsions, shears, and axial forces induced by prestressing, creep, shrinkage,
temperature change, axial deformation, restraint of attached structural members, and foundation
settlement. (Sec. 404.7.1, NSCP 2015)
4. Durability – Concrete mixtures shall be designed in accordance with the Concrete Materials and
Mixture Requirements and Reinforcement shall be protected from corrosion in accordance with
the Specified Concrete Cover, (Sec. 404.8.1 and 404.8.2, NSCP 2015)
INTRODUCTION
Structural System Requirements
5. Structural Integrity – Reinforcement and connections shall be detailed to tie the structure
together effectively and to improve overall structural integrity. (Sec. 404.10, NSCP 2015)
6. Economical – Determination of optimal design to efficiently minimize the cost of the structure.
INTRODUCTION
Structural System Requirements
7. Structural System Load Paths - The Structural System shall include (a) through (g) as
applicable;
a. Floor construction and roof construction, including one-way and two-way slabs;
b. Beams and joists;
c. Columns;
d. Walls;
e. Diaphragms;
f. Foundation;
g. Joints, connections, and anchors as required to transmit forces from one component to another.
INTRODUCTION
Rebar Equivalent
Diameter of a single bar equivalent to bundles bars to be used for spacing limitation and concrete
cover
=
3-16mm Φ Equivalent diameter, D
x 3 = 192
INTRODUCTION
Concrete Protection for
Reinforcement
(Concrete Cover)
Non-prestressed cast-in-place concrete members shall
have specified concrete cover for reinforcement.
(Sec 420.6.1.3.1, NSCP 2015)
INTRODUCTION
Strength Reduction Factors, Φ
The design strength provided by a concrete member, its connection to other members, and its cross
sections, in terms of flexure, axial force, shear, and torsion shall be taken as the nominal strength
multiplied by a strength reduction factor, Φ having the following values;
Structural Stress Reduction Factor, Φ
Flexure without axial load 0.90
Axial tension, and axial tension with flexure 0.90
Axial compression – Spiral Reinforcement 0.75
Tie Reinforcement & other reinforced members 0.70
Shear and Torsion 0.85
Bearing on concrete 0.70
Post-tensioned anchorage zones 0.85
INTRODUCTION
END OF DISCUSSION
Next Lecture
a. Notations and Terminologies in the Analysis and Design of RC Beams.
b. Different Yielding Conditions of RC Beams.
c. Discuss Formula in Analyzing and Designing RC Beams
Thank you for listening
