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Gerunds & Infinitices

Gerunds and infinitives can both function as nouns. Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that name an activity. Infinitives use "to" before the verb. Gerunds are often used to describe actual actions, while infinitives describe potential or future actions. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as subjects, complements, or objects in sentences. Certain verbs like enjoy, hate, begin are followed by gerunds, while others like advise, want can be followed by infinitives.

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Hasan Batuhan Küçük
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145 views8 pages

Gerunds & Infinitices

Gerunds and infinitives can both function as nouns. Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that name an activity. Infinitives use "to" before the verb. Gerunds are often used to describe actual actions, while infinitives describe potential or future actions. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as subjects, complements, or objects in sentences. Certain verbs like enjoy, hate, begin are followed by gerunds, while others like advise, want can be followed by infinitives.

Uploaded by

Hasan Batuhan Küçük
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds
• A gerund is a verb in its “-ing” form that functions as a noun and
names an activity rather than a person or thing. You can use a gerund
as the subject, the complement, or the object o a sentence (following
the verb or after a preposition).
• We use gerunds with
• the verbs of emotions
• like, love, hate, enjoy, dislike
• Possesives
Gerunds • her speaking, dog’s barking
• the verbs of completion or incompletion
• start, continue, begin, finish
• Prepositions
• about, on, forward, of, for
• Adjectives and Adverbs
• interested in speaking, afraid of making a
mistake
Infinitives
• Infinitives are the “to form” of the verbs. The infinitive form of
"learn" is "to learn." You can also use an infinitive as the subject, the
complement, or the object of a sentence.
Infinitives

a subject at the beginning


an object following the of a sentence: To
We cannot use infinitives
Infinitives can be used as: verb: Jim always forgets to travel around the world
with prepositions.
eat requires a lot of time and
money.

Some verbs are directly


Some verbs are directly
an adverb modifying a verb: an adjective modifying a followed by a noun or
followed by an infinitive: Do
You promised to buy me a noun: Tara has the ability to pronoun and then by an
you want to call your family
diamond ring. succeed. infinitive: He advised me to
now?
sell all my shares of stock.
• We often use gerunds to describe an actual,
vivid, or fulfilled action.
• We often use infinitives to describe
potential, hypothetical, or future events.

Gerunds vs. • ACTUAL: For the time being, I prefer being a


housewife. (you are still a housewife)
Infinitives • POTENTIAL: When my children are grown, I
would prefer to get a job outside the home.
• (she will look for a job in the future)

• ACTUAL: Playing golf every day is boring.


• POTENTIAL: To play golf every day would be my
idea of a happy retirement.
Examples

• Alan can’t stand riding on trains. (riding/ to ride)


• Mr. Harris enjoys inviting people out to dinner. (inviting / to invite)
• In the old days, gentlemen challenged their rivals to fight. (fighting / to fight)
• As the famous saying goes, there’s no use crying over spilt milk. (crying / to cry)
• Jim stopped to tie his shoelace. Wait for him. (tying / to tie)
• My wife always volunteers to bake cakes PTA meetings. (baking / to bake)
• Don’t waste my time complaining about your salary. (complaining/ to complain)
• Eva is having trouble concentrating on the exam. (concentrating / to concentrate)
• Please allow me to join your Facebook page. (joining / to join)
• You won’t forget to pick up milk on your way home, will you? (picking up /to pick up)
• riding
• inviting
• to fight
• crying
• to tie
• to bake
• complaining
• concentrating
• to join
• to pick up

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