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Computer Aided Design CE-388: Bricks Bonding Bricks Bonding

The document provides information on different types of brick bonding used in masonry construction. It defines key terms like headers, stretchers, courses, and discusses various bonding patterns such as English bond, Flemish bond, Dutch bond, raking bond, monk bond, and garden wall bonds. The purpose of brick bonding is to interlock bricks longitudinally and transversely to form a strong and stable masonry structure.

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45 views

Computer Aided Design CE-388: Bricks Bonding Bricks Bonding

The document provides information on different types of brick bonding used in masonry construction. It defines key terms like headers, stretchers, courses, and discusses various bonding patterns such as English bond, Flemish bond, Dutch bond, raking bond, monk bond, and garden wall bonds. The purpose of brick bonding is to interlock bricks longitudinally and transversely to form a strong and stable masonry structure.

Uploaded by

faizankhan23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Aided Design

CE-388
Bricks Bonding

Lec. Afaq Khattak


MS Transportation Engineering – NUST Islamabad
BE Civil Engineering – UET Peshawar

National Institute of Transportation (NIT), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE),
NUST 1
Brick Masonry

Masonry
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and
bound together by mortar.

Brick Masonry
The construction done by using bricks is called Brick Masonry

Stone Masonry
The construction done by using stone blocks is called Stone masonry.

Combination of bricks and stone masonry is called Composite Masonry


Mortar
Mortar is a mixture of cement and sand or lime and sand. Some times,
mud is used instead of cement mortar or lime mortar, such type of
masonry done with mud is known as mud masonry.

Mortar acts as cementing material as well as it holds the individual bricks


together, thereby forming solid homogeneous structure.
Technical terms used in Brick Masonry

Course:
A horizontal layer of bricks is called a course.

Header:
The face of brick showing width and thickness is called a header or It is the
shorter face of the brick ( i.e. 19 cm X 9 cm ) as seen in the elevation of the
wall

Stretcher:
The face of the brick showing length and thickness is called a stretcher or
the longer face of the brick ( i.e. 9 cm X 9 cm ) as seen in the elevation of the
wall.

Header Course:
A course of bricks in brick masonry having only headers on face of the wall
or heading course.
Technical terms used in Brick Masonry

Stretcher Course:
A course of bricks in brick masonry having only Stretcher on face of the wall or
stretching course

Bed
The lower most surface of the bricks (19 cm X 9 cm) on which they rest in a
course.

Face
An exposed outer surface of a wall.

Quoins
The external corners or angles of a masonry wall.

They exist in some cases to provide actual strength for a wall made with inferior
stone and in other cases to make a feature of a corner, creating an impression of
permanence and strength
Perpends
The vertical joint on the face of a wall

Joints
Meeting place of two bricks is called a Joint. The joint between two
successive courses is called a horizontal joint.

Bats
Pieces of bricks are called bats. Half brick is called half bat while three
fourth is called ¾ bat.

Queen Closer
A half brick cut lengthwise is called Queen Closer.
King Closer
A brick cut in such a way that one end is half width and other end is full
width is called King Closer.

Frog
A depression on the top face of a brick is called frog. This depression
holds substantial mortar in it, thereby preventing any displacement of the
brick.
BRICK BONDING

Bonding

 It is the process of arranging bricks in courses, in order to develop


longitudinal and transverse interlocking for individual bricks.

 Bonding is essential to eliminate continuous vertical joints.

 A wall having defective arrangement of bricks reduces the strength and


stability of structure.

 A wall having continuous vertical joints will act as independent column


and not as one compact unit.

 There are different types of bonds.


English Bond

In this bond, alternate courses of headers and stretchers are laid


 A course shows either only headers or only stretchers
 A queen closer is provided in successive course after the first header for
breaking the vertical joints. No queen closer is provided in stretcher
course.
 A header course should never start with a queen closer.
Flemish Bond

In this bond, each course is comprised of alternate headers and stretcher


 There are two types of Flemish bond
1. Double Flemish bond
2. Single Flemish bond

3. Double Flemish Bond


In double Flemish bond each course presents the same appearance both
in the front face as well as in the back face
Features

 Each course should consists of headers and stretchers place alternately.

 Quoin closers are used next to quoin headers in every alternate course.

 The facing and backing of the wall, in each course, have same
appearance.

2. Single Flemish Bond

 Single Flemish bond is comprised of double Flemish bond facing and


English bond backing in each course.

 This bond uses the strength of English bond and appearance of Flemish
bond.
 This bond can be used for those walls having thickness at least equal to
1.5 brick.
FACING BOND

 This bond is used where bricks of different thickness are to be used in


facing and backing of the wall.

 In this bond, a header course is provided after several stretcher courses.

 The vertical distance between successive header course is kept equal to


the least common multiple of the thickness of backing and facing bricks.

 If the nominal thickness of facing brick is 10 cm and that of backing brick


is 9 cm, the header course is provided at a vertical interval of 90 cm .
English Cross Bond

 It consists of alternate courses of headers and stretchers like English


bond.

 However queen closer is provided next to the quoin headers.

 Each alternate stretching course has header placed next to the quoin
header.
Dutch Bond

 This is another modified form of English bond.


 In this bond the corners of the wall are strengthened.

Features
 Alternate courses of headers and stretchers are provided as in English
bond.
 Every stretcher course starts at the quoin with a three- quarter bat.
 In every alternate stretcher course, a header is placed next to the three-
quarter brick bat.
Raking Bond

 In this type of bond, the bonding bricks are kept at an inclination to the
direction of the wall.

Features
 The bricks are arranged in inclined direction, in the space between the
external stretchers of the wall.
 The raking or inclination should be in opposite direction in alternate courses
of raking bond.
 Raking bond is not provided in successive courses. It is provided at a regular
interval.
Raking Bond

 Raking Bond are of 2 types

Diagonal Bond
 The bricks are arranges at 45 degrees in such a way that extreme corners of
the series remain in contact with the external line of stretchers.
 Bricks cut to triangular shapes and of suitable sizes are packed in the small
triangular spaces at the end.
Raking Bond

Herring-Bone Bond
 The bricks are arranged at 45 degrees in two opposite directions from the
centre of the wall thickness.
 The bond is introduced in the wall at regular vertical interval.
 In every alternate course, the directions of bricks are changed.
Monk Bond

 Two stretchers to one header in the same course.


 This bond introduces a zigzag effect in the wall.
Garden Wall Bond

 As the name suggests, this type of bond is used for the construction of
garden wall, boundary wall where thickness of wall is one brick and height
does not exceed two meters.
 There are three types of Garden Wall bonds
English Garden Wall Bonds
 The arrangement of bricks in this type of bond is same as that of English
bond except that the heading courses are only inserted in every fourth or
sixth course.
 Generally one course of header is provided after three courses of
stretchers. A queen closer is provided next to Quoin Header course.
Garden Wall Bond

Flemish Garden Wall Bond


 The arrangement of bricks in this bond consist of alternate courses of one
header and three to five stretcher in series, throughout the length of the
course.
 Each alternate has a ¾ bat placed next to quoins header.
 A header is placed over a middle of each central stretcher.

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