Dr. Ujwal A.

Lanjewar,
Ph.D., MCA, MBA, M,Sc.(Stat.), Dip. In
Industrial Engineering, Dip in Export Mngt.

Cloud Computing :
An Emerging Trend in
Business
 Origin of the term “Cloud Computing”
• “Comes from the early days of the Internet where we drew
the network as a cloud… we didn’t care where the
messages went… the cloud hid it from us” – Kevin Marks,
Google
• First cloud around networking (TCP/IP abstraction).

• Second cloud around documents (WWW data abstraction).

• The emerging cloud combines the infrastructure

complexities of servers, applications, data, and
heterogeneous platforms
 IT infrastructure is reaching a
breaking point.
85% idle 1.5x 70¢ per $1
In distributed Explosion of 70% on average is
computing information driving spent on maintaining
environments, up to 54% growth in current IT
85% of computing storage shipments infrastructures
capacity sits idle. every year. versus adding new
capabilities.
$40 billion 33%
Consumer product and 33% of consumers notified
retail industries lose of a security breach will
about $40 billion terminate their relationship
annually, or 3.5 percent of with the company they
their sales, due to supply perceive as responsible.
chain inefficiencies.
Cloud spending to grow six times faster
than traditional IT spending
Size
Size and
and Growth
Growth

Projected Cloud Spending (IDC 2008)

Key findings of the 2009 Cloud
Computing Research Report include the
following:
•Confusion about the definition of cloud computing

•Cloud computing has gained critical mass

•Cloud computing is more than SaaS

•Core technologies for building the cloud

•Influencers go beyond IT
 What is a Cloud?
Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial Government

Cloud
Cloud

Cloud Middle Ware

SLA(monitor),
Storage OS Network Service(apps) Security,
Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning Billing,
Payment

Resources

Services Storage Network OS

 Summarized History
• 1960 - John McCarthy opined that "computation may
someday be organized as a public utility"
• Early 1990s – The term “cloud” comes into commercial use
referring to large networks and the advancement of the
Internet.
• 1999 – Salesforce.com is established, providing an “on
demand” SaaS (Software as a Service).
• 2001 – IBM details the SaaS concept in their “Autonomic
Computing Manifesto”
• 2005 – Amazon provides access to their excess capacity
on a utility computing and storage basis
• 2007 – Google, IBM, various Universities embark on a
large scale cloud computing research project
• 2008 – Gartner says cloud computing will “shape the
relationship among consumers of IT services, those who
use IT services and those who sell them”
An Effective Cloud Deployment is Built
on a Dynamic Infrastructure ….

CLOUD COMPUTING

VIRTUALIZATION
+ STANDARDIZATION
+ AUTOMATION
= Cost
Flexibility

…leveraging virtualization, standardization and automation

to free up operational budget for new investment.
 Definition…….
• Lots of confusion.

• Several different “loosely applied” definitions

• A style of computing in which massively scalable IT-related

capabilities are provided "as a service" using Internet
technologies to multiple external customers

• An internal or external “cloud enabled” service offering .

• The provision of dynamically scalable and often virtualized

resources as a service over the Internet.

• A general term for anything that involves delivering hosted

services over the Internet.
 Definition…….
(Engineering definition)
• Providing services on virtual machines allocated on top of a
large physical machine pool

(Business definition)
• A method to address scalability and availability concerns
for large scale applications

(The big picture)

• Democratized distributed computing

•This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of

 Five essential characteristics,
 Three service models and
 Four deployment models.
 Cloud Computing - layers

Layers
Architecture
 5 Essential Cloud Characteristics

• On-demand self-service.

• Broad network access (Internet).

• Resource pooling.
– Location independence.

• Rapid elasticity.

• Measured service.
 Additional Cloud Characteristics
• Cloud computing often leverages:
– Massive and Rapid scalability

– Homogeneity

– Virtualization

– Resilient computing

– Low cost software

– Geographic distribution, (many datacenters)

– Service orientation

– Advanced security technologies

Cloud Computing Delivery Models
Or Cloud Service Models
• Cloud Software as a Service
(SaaS)
– Use provider’s applications
over a network

• Cloud Platform as a Service

(PaaS)
– Deploy customer-created
applications to a cloud

• Cloud Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
– Rent processing, storage,
network capacity, and other fundamental computing resources

 To be considered “cloud” services are deployed on top

of cloud infrastructure that has the key characteristics
 Cloud Computing Delivery Models
Collaboration CRM/ERP/HR
Business
Processes Industry
Software as a Service Applications

Web 2.0 Application Java

MiddlewareHigh Volume
Runtime Runtime
Transactions
Development
Database Tooling
Platform as a Service

Data Center
Servers Networking Storage
Fabric
Shared virtualized, dynamic provisioning

Infrastructure as a Service
 Cloud Deployment Models

• Private Cloud (Internal Cloud)

– enterprise owned or leased

• Community Cloud (External Cloud)

– shared infrastructure for specific community

• Public cloud (External Cloud)

– Sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure

• Hybrid cloud
– composition of two or more clouds
 Cloud Computing Deployment Models
Flexible Delivery Models

Public … Private …
•Service provider •Privately owned and
Cloud Services
owned and managed. managed.
•Access by subscription •Access limited to
•Delivers select set of Cloud Computing client and its partner
standardized business Model network.
process, application •Drives efficiency,
and/or infrastructure Hybrid … standardization and
services on a flexible •Access to client, partner best practices while
price per use basis. network, and third party retaining greater
resources customization and
.…Standardization, capital control
preservation, flexibility and .… Customization, efficiency, availability,
time to deploy resiliency, security and privacy

ORGANIZATION CULTURE
...service sourcing and service value
GOVERNANCE
 Issues with the Cloud
• Security (number 1 concern)

• Performance

• Availability

• Lack of Standards

• Inability to Customize

• Hard to Integrate with current in-house IT

• Regulatory requirements

• Note enough suppliers yet

 Cloud Features & Benefits for Enterprises

Features Benefits
 Highly virtualized and
standardized  Simplified, more efficient IT
infrastructures and application
management
 Massive scalability
 Deliver more applications to
 Fault tolerant & highly large number of users
reliable  Excellent service quality

 Intra- & Inter-cloud load  Higher utilization at

balance reduced cost

 Instant application  Time-to-market

deployment
Cloud Features & Benefits for Users

Features Benefits
 Highly virtualized and  No need to install or update
standardized SW or HW; access from any
infrastructures browser
 Massive scalability
 Unlimited use
 Fault tolerant & highly
reliable  Always on
 Intra- & Inter-cloud load  Access from anywhere
balance
 Many services to choose
 Instant application from
deployment
Commercial clouds
 CONCLUSION
• As business grows the IT needs also grows. In today’s competitive
world, organizations must innovate and get the most from its resource
to succeed. The concept of the cloud computing is quite appealing.

• Cloud computing infrastructures are the next generation platforms that

can provide tremendous value of information of any size. The shift
towards cloud computing would enable businesses to save money
while minimizing their impact on the environments.

• Cloud computing will helped the organizations in streamlining the

procurement process thereby increasing the profitability of the
business by improving the resource utilization. Wastes in terms of
money and resource are reduced, allowing the users to do more with
less.

• Last but not the least, cloud computing will helped the organizations/
business to deliver the type of quality and service they require and
enjoy the every advantage of it. Truly, “Cloud Computing— An
Emerging Trend in Business”.
 References
• [CSA] Cloud Security Alliance. Top Threats to Cloud Computing V1.0. A technical report. Cloud
Security Alliance, March 2010.
 
• [Evangelinos], C. H. Constantinos Evangelinos, “Cloud Computing for parallel Scientific HPC
Applications: Feasibility of Running Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Climate Models on Amazon’s
EC2,” The First Workshop on Cloud Computing and its Applications (CCA’08), October 2008.
 
• [Monash] C. Monash. Oracle Announces an Amazon Cloud Offering. DBMS2 Blog.
http://www.dbms2.com/2008/09/22/oracle-announces-an-amazon-cloud-offering/.
 
• [Oracle] An Oracle Company. Architecture Strategies for Cloud Computing. A technical report,
August 2009.
 
• [Sayer] P. Sayer. “Ubuntu will target cloud computing with october release”, PCWorld Magezine,
February, 2009

• [Shah] A. Shah, “Intel eyes cloud computing with new hardware, software”, PC World Magezine,
February 2009.
 
• [Shroff, Vin, Gopal] Dr. Guatam Shroff, Dr. Harrick Vin and Vijayalakshmi Gopal. Services
Offering in Cloud Computing. A technical report. June 2009.
 
 References
Websites-
• [1] Ubuntu cloud computing solutions [URL]. www.ubuntu.com
• [2] Slashdot. Multiple Experts Try Defining Cloud Computing.
http://tech.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=08/07/17/2117221.
• [3] http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7421099.stm.
• [4] http://aws.amazon.com/s3-sla/.
• [5] http://wiki.cloudcommunity.org/wiki/CloudComputing:Incidents_Database.
• [6] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_DB2.
• [7] http://www.oracle.com/solutions/business_intelligence/exadata.html.
• [8] “Defogging Cloud Computing: A Taxonomy, June 16, 2008,”
http://refresh.gigaom.com/2008/06/16/ defogging-cloud-computing-a-taxonomy/.
• [9] “Cloud Services Continuum, July 3, 2008 ,” http://et.cairene. net/2008/07/03/cloud-
services-continuum/.
• [10] “The Cloud Services Stack and Infrastructure, July 28, 2008,”
http://et.cairene.net/2008/07/28/ the-cloud-services-stack-infrastructure/.
 Thanks

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