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Networks

The document discusses different types of computer networks including LAN, PAN, MAN, WAN and VPN. It also describes common network hardware such as hubs, switches, routers and modems. Finally, it outlines different network topologies like bus, star, ring, tree and mesh.

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hussain korir
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9 views

Networks

The document discusses different types of computer networks including LAN, PAN, MAN, WAN and VPN. It also describes common network hardware such as hubs, switches, routers and modems. Finally, it outlines different network topologies like bus, star, ring, tree and mesh.

Uploaded by

hussain korir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Networks

•A network is two or more computers (or other electronic devices)


that are connected together, usually by cables or Wi-Fi.
•Some computer networks will have a server. A server is a powerful
computer that often acts as a central hub for services in a network, eg
emails, internet access and file storage.
•Each computer connected to a server is called a client.
•A computer that is not connected to a network is called
a standalone computer.
Network of Computers
Types of Networks
 Network type is described by the area covered by the network,
therefore networks can be described as;
There are five main types of Computer  Networks:
1.LAN (Local Area Network) – 
 Systems connected in a small network like in a building or a small office
 It is inexpensive
 It uses Ethernet or Token-ring technology
 Two or more personal computers can be connected through wires or
cables acting as nodes
 Transfer of data is fast and is highly score
2.PAN (Personal Area Network) – 
 The smallest computer network
 Devices may be connected through Bluetooth or other infra-red enables
devices
 It has a connectivity range of upto 10 metres
 It covers an area of upto 30 feet
 Personal devices belonging to a single person can be connected to each
other using PAN
3.MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) – 
 A network that can be connected within a city, for example, cable TV Connection
 It can be in the form of Ethernet, ATM, Token-ring and FDDI
 It has a higher range
 This type of network can be used to connect citizens with the various Organizations
4.WAN (Wide Area Network) – 
 A network which covers over a country or a larger range of people
 Telephonic lines are also connected through WAN
 Internet is the biggest WAN in the world
 Mostly used by Government Organizations to manage data and information
5.VPN (Virtual Private Network): –
 A network which is constructed by using public wires to connect to a private
network
 There are a number of systems which enable you to create networks using the
Internet as a medium for transporting data
 These systems use encryptions and other security mechanisms to ensure only
authorized users can access
Network Hardware
This are the devices required in order to create a network. The following are examples
of network hardware:
 Network Repeater – Used to generate incoming electrical, wireless or optical
signals

 Network Hub- A hub is a device that connects PCs together. It transfers data to all
PC’s on the network.

 Network Switch – A Switch is a device that connects PCs together. A switch is a


little smarter than a hub and transfers data only to the PC’s its requested to .

 Network Router – A Router is a device that transfers data from one network to
another in an intelligent way.

 Network Bridge – It reads the outermost section of the data packet to tell where the
message is going. It reduces the traffic on other network segments. 

 Modem – This device converts digital signals into analog signals. It is always placed
between a telephone and a computer system
Images of Network Hardware
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
Network topology : This is referred to the physical arrangement of
computers in a network.
The following are the Main types of Network Topologies
 Bus Topology.

 Star Topology.
 Ring Topology.

 Tree Topology.

 Mesh Topology.

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