CO2015

Basic Electronic Circuit Components

CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

2
 CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Actually....
 Circuit Analysis
 Electronics Components
 Resistor, Capacitor, Transistor
 Hardware computer Exercise
 Design and Layout the Circuit

 20% for Midterm, 30% for Labs and 50% for final term

 Labs are very important (5 hour/ week)

 Don’t share your report!!!!

3
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Some projects

4
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Complicated Project

https://ubc.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/
Altium/Altium%20Designer
%2020.1.11%20Build%20218.zip
5
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Basic Electronic Circuit Components

 Wires, Cables, and Connectors
 Batteries
 Switches
 Resistors
 LED (Light Emitted Diode)
 Exercises
 Pull up and Pull down resistors

6
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Solid Core Wires

 Strong
 High current

7
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Solid Core Applications

8
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Stranded Wires (Multicore Wires)

 Soft
 Smaller current
 Easy to Draw

9
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Braided Wires

 Soft and High

current

10
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Coaxial Cables

 High speed
communication
systems

11
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Twisted Pair Cables

 Pulse noise avoidance
 ADSL Modem (RJ45)

12
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Battery
 The most popular storage device

13
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Rechargeable Batteries

 Battery capacity: 3500mAh

14
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Super Capacitors

15
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Rechargeable Batteries vs Super Capacitor

500 recharge cycles

Difficult to estimate the state of charge
[Cymbet ] Low leakage current

500 000 recharge cycles

Easy to estimate the state of charge
High leakage current
[CapXX]

16
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

New Generation of Batteries

 IC Rechargeable Batteries
 Hybrid Batteries (Batteries + Capacitors)

17
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Switch

 A switch is a mechanical device that interrupts or diverts

electric current flow within a circuit
18
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Switch Applications (1)

 Here’s a simple home security alarm that’s triggered into action
(buzzer and light go on) when one of the normally open
switches is closed. Magnetic reed switches work particularly
well in such applications.

19
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Switch Applications (2)

 Here’s a switch network that allows an individual to turn a light
on or off from either of two locations. This setup is frequently
used in household wiring applications.

20
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Switch Application (3)

 A DPDT switch, shown here, can be used to reverse the direction of
current flow. When the switch is thrown up, current will flow throw
the left light-emitting diode (LED). When the switch is thrown
down, current will flow throw the right LED. (LEDs only allow
current to flow in one direction.)

SW1

LED1

LED2

SW2
21
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Resistors
 Resistors are electrical devices that act to reduce current flow and at the
same time act to lower voltage levels within circuits.
 The relationship between the voltage applied across a resistor and the current through it
is given by V =IR.
 Resistors may have fixed resistances, or they may be designed to have
variable resistances. They also may have resistances that change with light
or heat exposure (e.g., photo-resistors, thermistors).

22
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Resistors

23
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Understanding Resistor Labels

24
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Examples

25
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Examples

26
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Examples

27
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Variable Resistors
 Special kinds of variable resistors include
 Potentiometers;
 Rheostats; and
 Trimmers.
 Potentiometers and rheostats are essentially the same thing, but rheostats are used
specifically for high-power ac electricity, whereas potentiometers typically are
used with lower-level dc electricity. Both potentiometers and rheostats are
designed for frequent adjustment.
 Trimmers, on the other hand, are miniature potentiometers that are adjusted
infrequently and usually come with pins that can be inserted into printed-circuit
boards.

28
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Photo-Resistors and Thermistors

29
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Light Emitted Diode (LED)

30
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Optical Touch LED Matrix

31
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

LED and Resistor Calculation

32
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

LED and Resistor Calculation

33
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

LED Applications

34
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Exercise 1
 Analyze the circuit

35
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Exercise 2

36
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

 An LED which has the characteristics shown in this graph is

to be used in the circuit below in which both VS and R can
be varied. For this LED the switch on voltage (VD) is 1.7 volt
which produces a current of 10 mA at which point the LED
will just glow dimly. Let us say that the LED operates brightly
at 40 mA, but will fail if the current exceeds 90 mA for too
long.
 Initially the power supply is set at Vs = 6V. What value is
required for the resistor so that the LED operates at 40 mA?
 If a current of 20 mA is flowing and the resistor is 200 Ohm,
what is the supply voltage?
 Find the minimum value of the resistor that could be used
without damaging the LED
37
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Pull Up and Pull Down Resistor

 Pull-up and Pull-down resistors are used to correctly bias the
inputs of digital gates to prevent them from floating about
randomly when there is no input condition

38
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Pull-up Resistors

 Short circuit  Good connection

39
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Calculating Pull-Up Resistor Value

 TTL 74LSxxx series:
 Input high: VIH(min) = 2.0V, IIH =
20µA
 Input low: VIL(max) = 0.8V, IIL=
0.4mA
Single Gate Pull-up Resistor Value

Multiple Gate Pull-up Resistor Value (10 inputs)

40
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Calculating Pull-Up Resistor Value

 A Pull-down resistor works in the same way as the previous
pull-up resistor, except this time the logic gates input is tied to
ground, logic level “0” (LOW)

41
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Example 
 TTL 74LS00 NAND Gates along with a single-pole double-
throw switch are to be used to make a simple set-reset bistable
circuit signal. Calculate: 1). The maximum pull-up resistor
values if the voltage representing a logic HIGH input is to be
held at 4.5 volts when the switch is open, and 2). The current
flowing through the resistor when the switch is closed (assume
zero contact resistance). Also draw the circuit.

 Data given: Vcc = 5V, VIH = 4.5V, and IIH(max) = 20μA

42
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Answer
Set-Reset Bistable Circuit

43
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Programming Arduino

44
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Programming on BBC Microbit

45
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Lab Manual
 Take randomly 10 resistor pictures
 Determine the resistance based on its colors

No Picture Value
1 620Ohm

46
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Circuit Simulation on TINA TI

 TINA-TI setup file:
http://cse.hcmut.edu.vn/vtphuong/EDAC/Tina90-TIen.exe
 Quick manual
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7_RP1f82oo

47
CO2015 – EDC Spring 2017 - Basic Electronic Circuit Components

Arduino Programming
 Student can simulate at https://www.tinkercad.com/

48