ALGEBRA 1
ES MECHANICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW
Prepared by:
Engr. Deyn Edriel Estoque
ALGEBRA 1 SUBTOPICS:
1. Number System
2. Significant figures
3. LCM and GCF
4. Algebraic Equations
5. Logarithms
6. Remainder and Factor Theorem
7. Quadratic Equations
8. Depressed Equations
9. Pythagorean Mean
10. Factoring/Roots of Equation
11. Descartes’ Rule of Signs
Algebra comes from the
Arabic word, “al-jabr”
which means restoration.
Algebra is the science of
restoration, reduction,
completion and balancing
Father of Algebra: Al-Khwarizmi
NUMBER SYSTEM
Another example:
The roman numeral MMDXCV has a value of:
PROBLEM 1
Which of the following best describe 5+3i? Which of the following best describe 5+0i?
a. Irrational number a. Irrational number
b. Real Number b. Real Number
c. Imaginary Number c. Imaginary Number
d. Surd d. Surd
PROBLEM 2
Evaluate
a. -70i
b. 70
PROBLEM 3
What is the value of What is the value of
a. -2+2i a. 4+4i
b. -4-4i b. -16-4i
c. 3+4i c. 20+3i
d. 2i d. 16+16i
PROBLEM 4
The number 0.099099099099… is:
a. Rational number
b. Irrational number
c. Imaginary
d. composite
PROBLEM 5
The number 4+ is: The number 4+ is:
a. Irrational number a. Irrational number
b. Integer b. Imaginary number
c. Rational number c. Rational number
d. Complex d. Complex
PROBLEM 6
Which of the following number is a
surd?
a.
b. +5
c. 3 + 5i
d. 5+
Twin Primes
- Is a prime number that is either 2 less
or 2 more than another prime number.
Example: (41, 43) or (11, 13)
EMIRP
- Is a prime number that results in a different
prime when its decimal digits are reversed
Examples: (13, 31) or (17,71)
PROBLEM 7
Which of the following number is a
PRIME NUMBER
a. 313
b. 357
c. 333
PROBLEM 8
Which of the following number
is a happy number?
a. 15
b. 91
c. 50
d. 34
PERFECT NUMBERS
• An integer that is equal to the sum of all its possible
divisors except the number itself.
Examples: 6, 28
ABUNDANT NUMBERS
• An integer in which the sum of all possible divisors
except the number itself is greater than the integer.
Examples: 12, 18, 20 and 24
DEFICIENT NUMBERS
• An integer in which the sum of all possible divisors
except the number itself is less than the integer.
Examples: 8 and 15
POLITE NUMBERS
• IS A POSITIVE INTEGER THAT CAN BE WRITTEN AS THE SUM OF
TWO OR MORE CONSECUTIVE POSITIVE INTEGERS.
EXAMPLE:
6 = 1+2+3 41 = 20+21
18 = 3+4+5+6
IMPOLITE NUMBERS
• NUMBERS THAT ARE NOT POLITE
• EXAMPLES ARE 1 AND POWERS OF 2
AMICABLE/FRIENDLY NUMBERS
Two integer numbers are said to be
amicable numbers if each is the sum of
all possible divisors of the other.
PROBLEM 9
The number 25 is what type of special number?
a. Perfect Number
b. Deficient number
c. Abundant number
d. Happy Number
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
PROBLEM 10
Which of the following statements is correct?
a. 5000 has four significant figures
b. 0.0005 has five significant figures
c. 100050 has six significant figures
d. 0.00300 has three significant figures
LCM AND GCF
PROBLEM 11
The red bulbs of a Christmas light flash
every 10 seconds; the blue bulbs flash
every 15 seconds and the green bulbs
flash every 20 seconds. If they all start
flashing together, in every how many
seconds will they flash simultaneously
again?
a. 1000
b. 2000
c. 3000
d. 4000
ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS
2 equations, 2 unknowns
𝑀𝑂𝐷𝐸 5 :1
3 equations , 3 unknowns
𝑀𝑂𝐷𝐸 5 :2
REPEATED ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS
PROBLEM 13
Solve the value of x from the following
equation
a. 1.745619
b. 2.128419
c. 1.258925
d. 1.379729
PROBLEM 14
Expand
PROBLEM 16
Find the value of B in the partial fraction
equation:
a. -1
b. 3
c. -2
d. 5
PROBLEM 17
Simplify the given expression:
LOGARITHMS
PROBLEM 19
What is the characteristic and mantissa of the
natural logarithm of 35?
PROBLEM 20
What is the characteristic and
mantissa of the common logarithm
of 0.0071?
PROBLEM 21
What is the characteristic and
mantissa of the natural logarithm of
0.00055?
PROBLEM 22
If
a. 4
b. -1
c. 3
d. 2
PROBLEM 23
Solve the value of x in the equation:
a. 7
b. 5
c. 10
d. 9
PROBLEM 24
Find the value of x:
log
a. 2
b. 1
c. 4
d. 3
PROBLEM 25
If log 2 = x and log 3 = y, what is
the value of log 1.2?
a. 3x – y + 2
b. x + y + 1
c. 2x + y – 1
d. X + 2y + 1
REMAINDER AND
FACTOR THEOREM
PROBLEM 26
What is the remainder if 3 is
divided by (x-2).
a. 50
b. 54
c. 52
d. 56
PROBLEM 27
What is the remainder if 3 is
divided by (x-2).
a. 50
b. 54
c. 52
d. 56
PROBLEM 28
Which of the following is a factor of
a. x + 3
b. x + 5
c. x - 7
d. x - 3
Problem 29
Find the value of k for which x+4 is
a factor of
a. 4
b. 1
c. 6
d. 9
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
CUBIC EQUATIONS
Problem 30
Given the equation
Find the sum and product of the roots.
PROBLEM 31
Find the value of k so that the two roots
of 2 are equal.
a. 2
b. 3
PROBLEM 32
If the roots of the equation be two
consecutive integers, then is equal to:
a. 1
b. -3
c. -1
d. 5
PROBLEM 33
Kate and Elizabeth attempted to solve a
quadratic equation. Kate made a mistake in
writing down the constant term and ended up in
roots (4,3). Elizabeth made a mistake in writing
down coefficient of x to get the roots (3,2). The
correct roots of equations are:
a. (4,2)
b. (4,-3)
c. (6,1)
d. (3,-3)
PROBLEM 34
If a, b and c be three real numbers such that
a + 2b + 4c = 0. Then, the equation
a. Has its roots lying within -1 < x < 0
b. Has both the roots complex
c. Has its roots lying with 2 < x < 6
d. Has one of its roots equal to 1/2
DEPRESSED EQUATION
DEPRESSED EQUATION
When you divide an equation by one of its binomial
factors, the resulting equation is called depressed
equation.
SAMPLE PROBLEM:
What is the depressed equation
of
PYTHAGOREAN MEAN
PROBLEM 35
A quadratic equation in x such that the
arithmetic mean of its roots is 5 and
geometric mean of its roots is 4. The
equation is:
ROOT MEAN SQUARE
RMS =
PROBLEM 36
WHAT IS THE ROOT MEAN
SQUARE OF 11, 23 and 35?
a. 22
b. 24
c. 25
FACTORING/ROOTS OF
EQUATIONS
Solutions:
PROBLEM 37 1. Mode 5, 4
2. CALC Method
Factor completely the given
a. (x+8)(x+4)(x-5)=0
b. (x+5)(x-3)(x-6)=0
c. (x+7)(x-8)(x+9)=0
d. (x+6)(x-9)(x-2)=0
PROBLEM 38
Solve the real roots of
DESCARTES’ RULE OF SIGNS
PROBLEM 39
The equation 3 has how many maximum
possible positive real roots?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. one
PROBLEM 40
The equation 3 has how many maximum
possible negative real roots?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. one
PROBLEM 41
The equation 3 has how many
maximum possible real roots?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. one
PROBLEM 42
The equation 3 has how many
minimum possible real roots?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. one
