is what ??

It is a process of exchanging –
 Information
 Ideas
 Thoughts
 Feelings
Emotions Through –
 Speech
 Signals
 Writing
 Behavior

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 Types of
People communicate with each other in a number of ways
that depend upon the message and its context in which it
is being sent.

Types of communication based on the communication

channels used are –
 Verbal Communication
 Nonverbal Communication

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 Verbal
 It refers to the form of communication in which message
is transmitted verbally.
 Communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of
writing.
 In verbal communication remember the acronym “KISS”
(keep it short and simple).

Verbal Communication is divided into:

 Oral Communication
 Written Communication
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Oral
 In oral communication, Spoken words are used.
 It includes face-to-face conversations, speech,
telephonic
conversation, video, radio, television, voice over
internet.
 Communication is influence by
pitch, volume, speed and clarity of speaking.

 Advantages –
It brings quick feedback.
In a face-to-face conversation, by reading facial
expression and body language one can guess
whether he/she should trust what’s being said or
not.

 Disadvantages –
In face-to-face discussion, user is unable to deeply
think about what he is delivering, so this can be
counted as a fault.
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Written

 In written communication, written signs or symbols

are used to communicate.
 In written communication message can be
transmitted via email, letter, report, memo etc.
 Written Communication is most common form of
communication being used in business.

 Advantages –
Messages can be edited and revised
Written communication provide record and backup.
A written message enables receiver to fully
understand it and send appropriate feedback.
 Disadvantages –
Written communication doesn’t bring instant
feedback. It take more time in composing a written
message as compared to word-of-mouth and
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The Four Basic Styles of Communication
1. PASSIVE COMMUNICATION is a style in which individuals have developed
a pattern of avoiding expressing their opinions or feelings, protecting
their rights, and identifying and meeting their needs. As a result, passive
individuals do not respond overtly to hurtful or anger-inducing
situations. Instead, they allow grievances and annoyances to mount,
usually unaware of the buildup. But once they have reached their high
tolerance threshold for unacceptable behavior, they are prone to
explosive outbursts, which are usually out of proportion to the triggering
incident. After the outburst, however, they may feel shame, guilt, and
confusion, so they return to being passive.
Passive communicators will often:
 fail to assert for themselves
 allow others to deliberately or inadvertently infringe on their rights
 fail to express their feelings, needs, or opinions
 tend to speak softly or apologetically
 exhibit poor eye contact and slumped body posture
• The impact of a pattern of passive communication is that these
individuals:
•  often feel anxious because life seems out of their control
•  often feel depressed because they feel stuck and hopeless
•  often feel resentful (but are unaware of it) because their needs
are not being met
•  often feel confused because they ignore their own feelings
•  are unable to mature because real issues are never addressed
• A passive communicator will say, believe, or behave like:
•  “I’m unable to stand up for my rights.”
•  “I don’t know what my rights are.”
•  “I get stepped on by everyone."
•  “I’m weak and unable to take care of myself.”
•  “People never consider my feelings.”
• 2. AGGRESSIVE COMMUNICATION is a style in which individuals express
their feelings and opinions and advocate for
their needs in a way that violates the rights of others. Thus, aggressive
communicators are verbally and/or physically
abusive.
Aggressive communicators will often:
 try to dominate others
 use humiliation to control others
 criticize, blame, or attack others
 be very impulsive
 have low frustration tolerance
 speak in a loud, demanding, and overbearing voice
 act threateningly and rudely
 not listen well
 interrupt frequently
 use “you” statements
 have an overbearing or intimidating posture
The impact of a pattern of aggressive communication is that these
individuals:
 become alienated from others
 alienate others
 generate fear and hatred in others
 always blame others instead of owning their issues, and thus are unable
to mature
3. PASSIVE-AGGRESSIVE COMMUNICATION is a style in which individuals appear
passive on the surface but are really
acting out anger in a subtle, indirect, or behind-the-scenes way. People who
develop a pattern of passive-aggressive
communication usually feel powerless, stuck, and resentful – in other words, they
feel incapable of dealing directly with
the object of their resentments. Instead, they express their anger by subtly
undermining the object (real or imagined) of
their resentments.
Passive-Aggressive communicators will often:
 mutter to themselves rather than confront the person or issue
 have difficulty acknowledging their anger
 use facial expressions that don't match how they feel - i.e., smiling when angry
 use sarcasm
 deny there is a problem
 appear cooperative while purposely doing things to annoy and disrupt
 use subtle sabotage to get even
The impact of a pattern of passive-aggressive communication is that these
individuals:
 become alienated from those around them
 remain stuck in a position of powerlessness (like POWs)
 discharge resentment while real issues are never addressed so they can't
mature
The passive-aggressive communicator will say, believe, or behave like:
 “I’m weak and resentful, so I sabotage, frustrate, and disrupt.”
4. ASSERTIVE COMMUNICATION is a style in which individuals clearly state their
opinions and feelings, and firmly
advocate for their rights and needs without violating the rights of others. These
individuals value themselves, their time,
and their emotional, spiritual, and physical needs and are strong advocates for
themselves while being very respectful of
the rights of others.
Assertive communicators will:
 state needs and wants clearly, appropriately, and respectfully
 express feelings clearly, appropriately, and respectfully
 use “I” statements
 communicate respect for others
 listen well without interrupting
 feel in control of self
 have good eye contact
 speak in a calm and clear tone of voice
 have a relaxed body posture
 feel connected to others
 feel competent and in control
 not allow others to abuse or manipulate them
 stand up for their rights
The impact of a pattern of assertive communication is that these individuals:
 feel connected to others
 feel in control of their lives
 are able to mature because they address issues and problems as they arise
 create a respectful environment for others to grow and mature
The assertive communicator will say, believe, or behave
in a way that says:
 “We are equally entitled to express ourselves
respectfully to one another.”
 “I am confident about who I am.”
 “I realize I have choices in my life and I consider my
options.”
 “I speak clearly, honestly, and to the point.”
 “I can’t control others but I can control myself.”
 “I place a high priority on having my rights respected.”
 “I am responsible for getting my needs met in a
respectful manner.”
 “I respect the rights of others.”
 “Nobody owes me anything unless they’ve agreed to
give it to me.”
 “I’m 100% responsible for my own happiness.