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Chicken Infectious Anemia

Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) is a viral disease affecting young chickens under 2 weeks old, characterized by aplastic anemia, lymphoid atrophy, and hemorrhaging under the wings. It is caused by the Chicken anemia virus (CAV), a small non-enveloped DNA virus. CIA causes immunosuppression and secondary infections are common. Affected chickens show anemia, leukopenia, hemorrhages, and pale organs. There is no treatment, but live vaccines are available to vaccinate breeders and prevent vertical transmission to offspring.

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Mohammad Rizwan Saeed
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217 views18 pages

Chicken Infectious Anemia

Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) is a viral disease affecting young chickens under 2 weeks old, characterized by aplastic anemia, lymphoid atrophy, and hemorrhaging under the wings. It is caused by the Chicken anemia virus (CAV), a small non-enveloped DNA virus. CIA causes immunosuppression and secondary infections are common. Affected chickens show anemia, leukopenia, hemorrhages, and pale organs. There is no treatment, but live vaccines are available to vaccinate breeders and prevent vertical transmission to offspring.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Rizwan Saeed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chicken infectious

anemia
Haemorrhagic syndrome
Blue wing
Introduction
CIA is an acute viral infectious disease of
young chicken (less than 2 weeks)
Which is characterized by
 Aplastic anemia
 Lymphoid atrophy
 Hemorrhage under wings
 Severe immunosuppression leads to
secondary bacterial, viral or fungal
infections
Etiology
 CIAV :Genus :Gyrovirus, Family
:Circoviridae
 Small(25 nm) spherical, non-enveloped
icosahedral virus
 contain a circular single-stranded DNA
genome.
 CAA was initially isolated in Japan.
(Yuasa et al )
 Inactivated by hypochlorite and formalin
The genome codes for 3 viral proteins (VP).
VP1
VP2
VP3 or apoptin
Distribution
Present worldwide
Transmission
 Horizontal transmission; contact with
infected birds droppings, mechanical
vectors
 Vertical transmission; virus is shed into
eggs
Clinical findings
 Subclinical infections leads to mortality (5-
10%) may go to 60% if inter-current disease
like IBD, IBH, Aspergillosis, poor
management (poor Litter)
 Anorexic, lethargic, depressed, and pale
 Characteristic subcutaneous hemorrhages
especially under wings
 Anemia, PCV is low 5-15% , leukopenia, or
pancytopenia.
 Pale bone marrow.
What is normal value of PCV in chicken ?
Postmortem lesions
 Organs are pale;
 Thymus atrophy
 Pale or yellow Bone marrow
 Hemorrhage under the skin, muscle, and
other organs.
 Why hemorrhages under skin &
muscle?
Histopathology
 Depletion of lymphoid cells in lymphoid
organs.
 Hematopoitic cells replaced by adipose
tissue & proliferating stroma cells
 Loss of demarcation between medulla and
cortex of bone marrow.
 Atrophy of bursal follicles
Diagnosis
History
Clinical Signs,
Gross and Histopathological lesions.
PCR
ELISA
Virus isolation
Treatment & control
 No specific treatment.
 Secondary bacterial infections may be
treated with antibiotics.
 Live vaccines are available for vaccination
of antibody-negative breeder flocks prior to
the start of egg production.
Prevention
 Biosecurity
 Vaccination of breeders
What this picture is indicating?
Pale organs
S/C Hemorrhages
S/C Hemorrhages/ gangrenous
Dermatitis
Adipose tissue
Questions????

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