Construction E
quipment Oper
ations and Mai
ntenance
Proper tools and equipment are essential for the effective operation of any civil works sit
1 e. Equipping the construction site with the correct tools and equipment plays an essentia
l role in achieving timely and good quality results.
For every construction activity, there is an optimal combination of tools, equi
2 pment and labour.
Depending on the nature and content of the works, the technical staff needs to kno
3 w which tools to use and how to effectively combine them with manual labor.
Once on-site, different types of construction equipments requires trained operators
4 and supervisory staff who are proficient in its operation and maintenance.
Faulty equipment is a common reason for delays on construction sites. A major responsibility
5 of the project management is to ensure that tools and equipment are maintained in good con
dition and are readily available when required for the various work activities.
Remember
Proper use of appropriate equipment contributes to Economy, Quality, Safety, Speed and Timely completion
of the Project. Construction equipment is an important part of any construction process. It is not always desir
able or possible for the Contractor to own each and every type of Construction Equipment required for the P
roject. Considering the various aspects of the utility of particular Equipment, the Contractor has to economic
ally justify whether to purchase the Equipment or to hire it. The amount invested in the purchase of Equipme
nt should be recovered during the useful period of such Equipment.
When applying labour-based work methods, the use of hand tools supported with selected items of light equ
ipment can produce results comparable with those achieved when using only heavy equipment. For every co
nstruction activity, there is an optimum combination of equipment and labour. In order to utilize the equipm
ent and labour in the most effective way, the use of equipment needs to be carefully coordinated with the ou
tput of the work gangs.
For certain construction activities, particularly hauling of materials and compaction, high labour productivity
and good quality of work may be difficult to achieve using only manual.
Introduction
The need for Mechanization arises due to the following reasons:
Projects involv Complexity of
ing large quan Projects using Optimum use
tities of materi high grade ma of Material, M
High quality st al handling terials anpower and
andards Finance
Magnitude &
Complexity of
the Project
Shortage of sk Importance of
illed and effici keeping the Ti
ent Manpower me Schedules
The activities involved in Construction Projects where the magnitude of the work is on a large scale, Speedy Work
and Timely Completion of Work with Quality Control are very vital. In order to achieve this, Mechanization of Wor
k has to be done, where Construction Machinery & Equipment play a pivotal role.
4
Equipment Selection
Following factors should be considered at the time of Selecting Construction Equipment:
The Equipment should be S Its unit cost of produc It should be easily repair
tandard Equipment if possi It should give the best tion should be moder able with low shutdown p
ble. service at low cost. ate. eriod.
STAR
T
FINISH
It should be easily dis It should suit the majori It should be capable o It should be of moderate size, a
posed off. ty of the requirements f doing more than one s they have fewer moving parts
of the job. function. and have low working cost.
One of the most important tasks in the pre-construction planing process is equipment selection. There are many variables to consider w
hen selecting equipment. Considering the above, one can either Purchase or Hire the Equipment. If the Equipment is to be used freque
ntly and for a long duration of time on the Project, it proves to be economical to Purchase the Equipment. On the contrary, if the Equip
ment is to be used occasionally and for a short duration of time on the Project, it proves to be economical to get it Hired.
5
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?
v=dRrTwSmut4k
Please watch this video!
Types of equipment used in construction
4 Icons, Captions and Descriptions
Earth Moving e Construction ve Material Handling Construction E
quipment hicle Equipment quipment
Earth-moving equipment co In order to beat project com Any piece of equipment that It refers to heavy-duty vehicl
vers a broad range of machi plexity, construction compa helps with this process coul es, specially designed for ex
nes that can excavate and gr nies have uncovered which d be labeled ‘material handl ecuting construction tasks,
ade soil and rock, along with are the most popular types o ing equipment’. Anything th most frequently ones involvi
other jobs. Earthmovers and f construction vehicles that t at deals with the transportati ng earthwork operations. Th
other heavy equipment help hey are using in order to ach on, storage, and control at a ey are also known as heavy
to speed not only earthwork ieve great performance. ny stage of the processing of machines, heavy trucks, con
but also materials handling, materials can be classified a struction equipment, engine
demolition, and constructio s material handling equipme ering equipment, heavy vehi
n. nt. cles, or heavy hydraulics.
7
Earth Moving equipment
Many types of heavy construction equi
pment are designed for multiple functi
ons, making them indispensable on job
sites.
Excavators
Graders
Loaders
Skid loader
Crawler loaders
Backhoe
Bulldozers
Trenchers
Scrapers
Wheeled loading shovels
8
Construction vehicles
In general, construction companies ar
e faced with challenges due to the fact
that opportunities in the construction
sector are growing.
Tippers
Dumpers
Trailers
Tankers
9
Material handling equipment
The term ‘material handling equipmen
t’ is a pretty broad one. There’s plenty
of situations where it’s critical to mov
e large and often heavy materials in a
production environment.
Crane
Conveyors
Hoists
ForkLifts
10
Construction equipment
They usually comprise five equipment syste
ms: implement, traction, structure, power tr
ain, control, and information. Heavy equipm
ent functions through the mechanical advan
tage of a simple machine, the ratio between
the input force applied and force exerted is
multiplied. Some equipment uses hydraulic
drives as a primary source of motion.
Concrete Mixture
Compactors
Pavers
Road Rollers
11
Specific Classifications of Excavating Equipmen
Construction Equipment t
Construction Equipment can be classified as unde Power Shovel
Dragline
r:
Hoe
Earthmoving Equi
pment
Hauling Equipment
Hoisting Equipme
Tower Cranes
nt
Mobile Cranes
Crawler Mounted Cranes
Builders Hoist
Passenger Hoist
12
Specific Classifications of Conveying Equipmen
Construction Equipment t
Construction Equipment can be classified as unde
r:
Dredging Equipm
ent
Pumping Equipment
Compacting Equip
ment
13
Specific Classifications of Pile Driving Equipme
Construction Equipment nt
Construction Equipment can be classified as unde
r:
Drilling Equipmen
t
Equipment used for t
he Production of Aggr
egate
Equipment used i
n Hot Mix Batch Pl
ant
14
Specific Classifications of
Construction Equipment
Construction Equipment can be classified as unde
r:
Equipment used f
or Concrete Work
s
Material Testing Equi
pment
15
Watch this video on an example of Daily
Equipment Maintenance.
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkMG7
o1S9vo
THANK YOU FOR WATCHI
NG!
Any Questions?
