THEME,
SYMBOLISM, &
MOTIF
Where Can We Find Theme?
• Themes are found everywhere!
• Literature, art, stories, movies, etc.
• For example
• The theme of a fable is moral
• The theme of a parable is to teach
• The theme of a piece of art should show its view about life, beauty, and more.
What is Theme?
• Theme is the main idea or message behind a piece of art, music, theater, or literature
• A theme can be a universal truth
• A significant statement being made about society, human nature, or the human condition
• Theme is not the subject of the work! It is an insight made about life, human nature, beauty,
philosophy, etc.
THEME = IDEA
Common Themes
• The quest for immortality
• The individual’s relationship with and obligation to society…
• Individual’s journey to understanding him/herself…
• Individual’s relationship with and obligation to nature…
• How justice and injustice are decided
• What it means to be a hero or antihero
• What it means to be a survivor
• An individual’s experience with alienation or despair
• What the future holds
• Love and hate and effects thereof
What is Symbolism?
• The practice of representing things by means of symbols or of
attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects, events,
or relationships.
• A person, place, thing, or idea that stands for something else. They
are used deliberately to reinforce meaning.
• For example, a sword may be a sword and also symbolize justice.
• A symbol may be said to embody an idea.
Symbolism
• A symbol may have more than one meaning, or its meaning may
change from the beginning to the end of a literary work.
• Personal: a meaning uniquely associated with our experiences
• Contextual: a private meaning created by an author or artist
• Cultural: a meaning uniquely influenced by our culture
• Universal: a meaning that is given to a thing by most people and
cultures
What Are Motifs?
• A recurring image, word, phrase, or action that tend to create
unity within a piece.
• Sometimes the motif helps to create the theme in literature, art,
music, etc.
• A motif differs from a theme in that it can be expressed as a single
word or fragmentary phrase, while a theme usually must be
expressed as a complete sentence.
Common Motifs in Media
• Death
• Supernatural Adversaries
• Extraordinary Animals
• Wishes
• Magical Objects
• Magical Powers
• Deep Sleeps Witches
• Trickery
• Illness
• Consequences of Greed
• Flowers/plants
• Beautiful Princess
• Foolish or Dimwitted Hero