The importance of literary theory
Tutorial Week 1
Prepared by:
Josephine
Fakriah
Tengku
• It is the basic for literary criticism, as it is used by
critics to criticize a literary work.
• Students will experience the reading through
someone else's perspective and hence have the
opportunity to increase our own tolerance for
differing ideas.
• The subjects which current literary theory claims
to oversee are fascinating domains in their own
right. Their study enriches, deepens and
invigorates our understanding of the world.
• Theory can also be the means to better
writing. Whatever the beginner supposes, his
ideas and outlooks come from somewhere,
and the self-evident is usually the shallow and
unexamined public mind.
• Students must understand the rules that have
some basis in theory in order to escape from
blind conformity.
Analyze the story making use of
one of the literary and theories
discussed
• EVERYTHING’S ARRANGED
( Siew Yue Killingley)
• - cultural criticism
Cultural criticism is a school of thought that
looks at how movies, music, literature, art,
politics and much more define a current culture.
SUMMARY
• Rukumani and Devanayagam are in a love
since they were both in school.
• However, in Indian culture, they believe in
arranged marriage.
• Both of them did not know that their parents
are already arranged their marriage.
• Unfortunately, when their relationship is
revealed, both parents are against it. This is
due to their believe that it is forbidden for
them to be in love before marriage.
Cultural Criticism
• The background of Indian Culture is well depicted in the short story.
• Indian culture
- marriage is a spiritual thing.
- Sex will not be mentioned at home
- Girls should not be in love by marriage.
- - Rukumani’s parents even despise her just because she talks to a
boy ( Johnny Chew)
- Chinese culture is seem as a more open culture : “ chinese couples
went out openly holding hands.”
-
• The story is interesting in a sense that it
exposes us the Indian culture that has
been practiced by them.
• It has its own values and quality as it can
prevent them from involve in social
problems like premarital sex.
• To certain extent, this culture contradicts
to modern culture because nowadays,
people are tend to choose their own
partner and spouse.
• Only some couples which their marriage is
arranged by their parents are able to
achieve happiness in life.
• We need to socialize ourselves as we
can generate and share more ideas with
others especially when it comes to
academic matters.
Hills like White Elephants by Ernest
Hemingway
• How are the views of the characters
presented?
There are only two main characters in
the story, ‘he’ and ‘she’, and is told in
third person point of view.
Their views are presented in dialogues.
Through their one to one conversation,
they reveal their opinions on their
future.
The issues discussed
• The issue highlighted in the short story is
abortion.
• The couple in the story is thinking of whether
to have abortion on their baby.
• In any religion, abortion is not allowed
because it is wrong to take away an innocent
life.
• Morally, abortion is definitely wrong as it is
equal to murder.