BATTERY AS STORAGE SYSTEM Roll No: OE-33

Abstract: Batteries are promising storage technologies for stationary Applications of Battery:
applications because of their maturity, and the ease with which they are What is battery storage?
designed and installed compared to other technologies. However, they
pose threats to the environment and human health. Several studies have Battery storage technologies are essential to speeding up the
discussed the various battery technologies and applications, but replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy. Battery storage
evaluating the environmental impact of batteries in electrical systems systems will play an increasingly pivotal role between green energy
remains a gap that requires concerted research efforts. This study first supplies and responding to electricity demands.
presents an overview of batteries and compares their technical Battery storage, or battery energy storage systems (BESS), are
properties such as the cycle life, power and energy densities, efficiencies devices that enable energy from renewables, like solar and wind, to
and the costs. It proposes an optimal battery technology sizing and be stored and then released when customers need power most.
selection strategy, and then assesses the environmental impact of Lithium-ion batteries, which are used in mobile phones and electric
batteries in a typical renewable energy application by using a stand- cars, are currently the dominant storage technology for large scale
alone photovoltaic (PV) system as a case study. The greenhouse gas plants to help electricity grids ensure a reliable supply of renewable
(GHG) impact of the batteries is evaluated based on the life cycle energy.
emission rate parameter. Results reveal that the battery has a significant
impact in the energy system, with a GHG impact of about 36–68% in a  
1.5 kW PV system for different locations.
References:
•Battery University. 2018a. BU-201: How Does the Lead Acid
Battery Work? 31 May.
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/lead_based_batteries.
How exactly does a battery storage system work?
Battery energy storage systems are considerably more advanced •———. 2018b. BU-203: Nickel-based Batteries. 31 May.
than the batteries you keep in your kitchen drawer or insert in your
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/
children’s toys. A battery storage system can be charged by
nickel_based_batteries.
electricity generated from renewable energy, like wind and solar • ———. 2018c. BU-205: Types of Lithium-ion Batteries. 31
power.
May. http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/
Intelligent battery software uses algorithms to coordinate energy
article/types_of_lithium_ion.
production and computerized control systems are used to decide
when to keep the energy to provide reserves or release it to the •Carnegie, Rachel, Douglas Gotham, David Nderitu, and Paul
grid. Energy is released from the battery storage system during
V. Preckel. 2013. Utility Scale Energy Storage Systems:
times of peak demand, keeping costs down and electricity flowing.
Benefits, Applications, and Technologies. State Utility
This article is concerned with large-scale battery storage systems,
Forecasting Group, Purdue University, Indiana, US. June.
but domestic energy storage systems work on the same principles.
•China News Service. n.d. Advanced Thin Film Sodium Sulfur
Battery. en.escn.com.cn/Tools/download. ashx?id=131.