BUSINESS RESEARCH
PROCESS
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Stages of the Research Process
Problem Discovery Discovery and
and Definition Definition
Research and so on
Design Conclusions and
Report
Sampling
Data Processing
and Analysis
Data
Gathering
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Research Stages
• Cyclical process - conclusions generate
new ideas
• Stages can overlap chronologically
• Stages are functionally interrelated
– Forward linkages
– Backward linkages
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Problem Discovery Problem Selection of
and Definition discovery exploratory research
technique
Sampling
Selection of
exploratory research
technique Probability Nonprobability
Secondary
Experience Qualitative Study Collection of
(historical) Literature Study Data
survey (Exploration) data
data Gathering
(fieldwork)
Data
Editing and
Problem definition Processing
coding
(statement of and
Analysis data
research objectives)
Data
Selection of processing
Research Design basic research
method Conclusions
Interpretation
and Report
of
findings
Experiment Survey
Secondary
Laboratory Field Interview Questionnaire Observation
Data Study Report
The Business Research Process
Problem Discovery Selection of Sample
Design
Exploratory Collection of the
Research Data
Selection of the
Basic Research
Method
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
The Research Process (cont.)
Editing and Coding Report
Data Processing
Interpretation of the
Findings
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Stages In The Research
Process
• Problem Discovery and Problem Definition
• Research Design
• Sampling
• Data Gathering
• Data Processing and Analysis
• Conclusions And Report
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Problem Discovery And
Definition
• First step
• Problem, opportunity, or monitor
operations
• Discovery before definition
• Problem means management problem
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
“The formulation of the
problem is often more
essential than its solution”
Albert Einstein
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Hypothesis
• A statement
• that can be refuted
• by empirical data
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
If you do not know where you are going,
any road will take you there.
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Research Proposal
• A written statement of the research design
that includes a statement explaining the
purpose of the study.
• Detailed outline of procedures associated
with a particular methodology
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi
Defining Problem Results in
Clear Cut Research Objectives
Symptom Detection
Analysis of
the Situation
Exploratory
Research
(Optional)
Problem Definition
Statement of
Research Objectives
Dr. Sanjay Rastogi, IIFT, New Delhi