PRESENTATION ON BASIC KNOWLEDGE RAILWAY SIDING & Its

Major Components
By: KAPIL GAMBHIR
 RAILWAY SIDING

SIDING, is a low-speed track section distinct from a running Main Line.

Sidings often have lighter rails, meant for lower speed or less heavy traffic.

FUNCTION of Siding:
• Sidings may be used for storing, loading, and unloading vehicles.
• Common sidings store stationary rolling stock especially for loading and
unloading.
•  Industrial sidings go to factories, mines ,collieries and ware house .

In Single line Main Track, siding can also be used to pass the crossing train
from other side.

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 GAUGE

GAUGE:
Distance between inner faces of the two parallel rail heads is called Gauge.

Following Gauges exist in Indian Railways:

1. Broad Gauge (BG) : 1676 mm
2. Meter Gauge (MG) : 1000 mm
3. Narrow Gauge (NG) : 760mm / 610 mm
Safer : for
everyone Sustainable: World: World (not
associated with Sustainable restricting to nation)
us and our buildings / AND also, fulfilling
customers. infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
Superior quality responsibility dream infra / home
of products. towards project which means
environment. world to them.

3
Formation of BG track

RAIL
Sustainable: World: World (not
Sustainable restricting to nation)
PSC sleeper
buildings / AND also, fulfilling
infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
Ballastresponsibility dream infra / home
towards project which means
environment. world to them.
Stone Dust

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 FORMATION of BG TRACK

Safer : for
everyone Sustainable: World: World (not
associated with Sustainable restricting to nation)
us and our buildings / AND also, fulfilling
customers. infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
Superior quality responsibility dream infra / home
of products. towards project which means
environment. world to them.

5
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF RAILWAY TRACK

1. Rails
2. PSC SLEEPERs
3. BALLAST
4. Turnouts (Point & crossing)
5. AT WELDING
6. Fittings
Safer : for
everyone Sustainable: World: World (not
associated with Sustainable restricting to nation)
us and our buildings / AND also, fulfilling
customers. infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
Superior quality responsibility dream infra / home
of products. towards project which means
environment. world to them.

6
 RAIL

RAIL:
These are Steel sections laid in two parallel lines on
sleepers to form a TRACK on which locomotives can
run.

MATERIAL of RAIL:
Material of rail should be such as to provide
minimum possible wear.
Safer : for
Ideal steel for rails and wheels are the one that
everyone
achieve even
associated wear on both rail and wheels. Hardness
with
of us
both
and should
our be same as possible.
customers. Chemical % in 880 Grade Rails
Superior quality
RAIL SECTION:
of products. C 0.4-0.8
Flat footed section: Mn 0.9-1.45
60 KG, 52 KG, 90R etc. Si 0.03-0.30
P 0.06 max
S 0.06 max
Al -
H2 content 3 ppm max 7
Hardness 260 BHN min
FLAT FOOTED RAIL SECTIONS

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 PSC SLEEPER

SLEEPER:
It is a component of track structure transversely places , on which rails are laid.

FUNCTION of SLEEPER:
1. Transmit the load to formation below ballast
2. To maintain Gauge of track
3. To provide lateral and longitudinal resistance to track.
Safer : for
SLEEPER DENSITY: Sustainable: World: World (not
everyone
1540 SLEEPERS
associated with per KM Sustainable restricting to nation)
us and our buildings / AND also, fulfilling
customers. infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
TYPE OF SLEEPER: responsibility dream infra / home
Superior quality
ofPSC Sleepers
products. towards project which means
environment. world to them.

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PSC SLEEPER SECTIONAL VIEW

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11
 BALLAST

BALALST:
It is a granular material, usually broken stone, which laid on the formation to
form a bed for the track fittings like sleepers.

FUNCTION of Ballast:
1. Transmit the uniform load to formation below ballast
2. Allow Efficient drainage
3. Holding track in vertical, lateral and longitudinal direction without much of
Safer : for
permanent deformation. Sustainable: World: World (not
everyone
associated with Sustainable restricting to nation)
usBallast
and our Cushion: buildings / AND also, fulfilling
customers. infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
250-300 mm Cushion responsibility dream infra / home
Superior quality
of products. towards project which means
Size of Ballast: environment. world to them.
20mm -65 mm (98 %)

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 THERMIT WELDING

Thermit Welding
This only form of site welding adopted in Railway.

Principle of Thermit Welding:

Fe2O3 + 2 Al = Al2O3 + 2 Fe + Heat
(2500 deg) in 15-30 sec

ANIMATED VIDEO:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19jqMckL8bA

FIELD VIDEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzXX1DMY-DA

FIELD VIDEO INDIAN

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72QHyg050Lw

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 POINT & CROSSING
• Points –A pair of tongue rail with their stock rails are termed
as points.
• Crossing –A crossing is a device introduced at the junction
where two rails cross to permit the wheel flange of railway
vehicle to pass from one track to another track.

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POINT & CROSSING

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POINT & CROSSING

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 FITTINGS

1. ERC CLIP
2. RUBBER PAD
3. LINER
4. FISH PLATE
5. NUT BOLTS

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 Elastic Rail Clips (ERC)

ERC: Elastic rail clips are used with concrete railway sleepers
to fasten rails on both sides.
The rail clips are usually made of forged spring steel, which
are manufactured by hot forging process

Functions of elastic rail clips (ERC)

1. It with stand vibrations induced in track
2. It sustain static and dynamic cyclic stresses
3. It is able to resist lateral forces
4. It has longer service life with low cost of maintenance

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 Grooved Rubber Pad

RUBBER PAD:
Railway rubber pad is installed between Steel Rail and sleeper.

FUNCTION
1. The function of the railway rubber pad is to protect the
sleepers from impacting and crushing.
2. Dampening of vibration
3. Railway rubber pad can make the electrical isolation of the
signal system.

Due to the railway rubber pad be exposed to the atmosphere

all the time, it has a good resistance to natural aging, cold, and
heat resistance.

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VIBRATION ABSORPTION

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 LINER

LINER:
Liners are inserted between foot of ral and ERC .

TYPE:
METAL liner: For non-track circuit area
GFN liner: For Track circuiting area or in corrosion prone area

FUNCTION
Maintain Gauge of track

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 FISH PLATES

FISH PLATES:
These are used to connect two railway together with fish bolts.
It provides continuity across rail joint for movement of vehicle.

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SCHEDULE OF DIMENSION

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 Schedule of Dimension ( 1676 mm GAUGE (BG))

Spacing Of Tracks : Minimum Distance of centre to centre –

Straight track- 5300 mm

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 Schedule of Dimension ( 1676 mm GAUGE (BG))

Curve on Tracks : Minimum Radius –175 M i.e Max 10 Degree

Curve

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 Clearance of Check Rails

Clearance of Check Rails on

Curves : 44 mm

Clearance of Check
Rails on Level Crossing =
51-57 mm
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 Minimum Horizontal Distance
Buildings and Structures : Minimum Horizontal Distance from
centre of track to any structure except a platform
SL Item Recommended Minimum

1.6.2 Height above rail level of track -

1.6.2.1 Upto 305mm 2575 mm 1905 mm

1.6.2.2 From 305mm to 1065mm 2575mm 1905 mm

increasing to
2360mm
1.6.2.3 From 1065mm to 3355mm 2575mm 2360 mm

1.6.2.4 From 3355mm to 4420mm 2575 mm 2360 mm

decreasing to decreasing to
2135 mm 2135 mm
1.6.2.5 From 4420mm to 5870mm 2135 mm
decreasing
to 915 mm

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 MINIMUM VERTICAL CLEARANCES

SL Item Minimum

1.8 Height of Road Over Bridges and Foot Over Bridges :

1.8.1 Height above rail level for a distance of 915mm on either 4875 mm

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 Clearances for Power Line Crossings
Clearances for Power Line Crossings in Non-Electrified & Electrified Territory :
Minimum Clearance Between
Highest Traction Conductor
Minimum Clearances From Rail Level And LowestTransmission
Line Crossing Conductor
Over Head Crossing Voltage
Existing Power Line New Power Line
Crossing For Non - Crossing Or Crossing  
Electrified Territory Planned For Alteration

SL Item Minimum
1 Upto and including 11 kV Normally By Underground Cable

2 Above 11 kV & upto 33 kV 10860 mm 14660 mm 2440 mm

3 Above 33 kV & upto 66 kV 11160 mm 14960 mm 2440 mm

4 Above 66 kV & upto 132 kV 11760 mm 15560 mm 3050 mm

5 Above 132 kV & upto 220 kV 12660 mm 16460 mm 4580 mm

6 Above 220 kV & upto 400 kV 14460 mm 18260 mm 5490 mm

7 Above 400 kV & upto 500 kV 15360 mm 19160 mm 7940 mm

8 Above 500 kV & upto 800 kV 18060 mm 21860 mm 7940 mm

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ANY QUESTIONS ??

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 THANK YOU
ALL THE BEST

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RAILWAY SIDING

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 FUTURE TOPICS

1. Gradient
2. OHE
3. Liasioning
4. Steps in approval

Sustainable: World: World (not

Sustainable restricting to nation)
buildings / AND also, fulfilling
infrastructure and dreams. Customer’s
responsibility dream infra / home
towards project which means
environment. world to them.

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 CONING OF WHEELS

Flanges of Train wheel never made flat , But they are in shape of CONE with a
slope of 1:20.

Its Maintains the vehicle in Center position with respect to the track

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