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Average Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio

This document discusses average information based spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks. The objectives are to identify the presence of primary users in channels using MATLAB and determine the probability of detection. Traditional energy detection requires a large number of samples and has low accuracy. The proposed solution is entropy detection, which overcomes these drawbacks. Entropy is calculated from the signal histogram and compared to a threshold to detect the presence of a user. This method provides high probability of detection with low complexity and high accuracy even at low signal-to-noise ratios.

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18-4H5 P.Jyothi
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72 views13 pages

Average Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio

This document discusses average information based spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks. The objectives are to identify the presence of primary users in channels using MATLAB and determine the probability of detection. Traditional energy detection requires a large number of samples and has low accuracy. The proposed solution is entropy detection, which overcomes these drawbacks. Entropy is calculated from the signal histogram and compared to a threshold to detect the presence of a user. This method provides high probability of detection with low complexity and high accuracy even at low signal-to-noise ratios.

Uploaded by

18-4H5 P.Jyothi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AVERAGE INFORMATION BASED

SPECTRUM SENSING FOR


COGNITIVE
NANDEM NIKHITHA RADIO189E1A04F8
NANDIMANDALAM 189E1A04F9
CHARITHA
P 189E1A04G5
JAHNAVI
PEJJAI JYOTHI 189E1A04H5
GONGI GANGA MOUNIKA 199E5A0414
BATCH-NO-5
UNDERTHEGUIDANCEOF
MR.T. KALIRAJA, ASSOCIATE
PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


SRI VENKATESWARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVES
 LITERATURE SURVEY
 PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATIO
N
 PROPOSED
SOLUTION
 BLOCK
DIAGRAM
INTRODUCTION
• A cognitive radio (CR) is a radio that can be programmed and configured
dynamically to use the best wireless channels in its vicinity to avoid the
user interference and congestion. Such a radio automatically detects
available channels in wirelessspectrum, then accordingly changes its
transmissionor reception parameters to allow moreconcurrent wireless
communication.
• Spectrumsensing is one of the mostimportant components of cognitive radio
networks. Spectrum sensing enables a cognitive radio to have the
information about its environment and spectrum availability. The most
widely used spectrum sensing methods are energy detection and
matched filter detection.
OBJECTIVES
• The aim of this project is to identify the presence of primary
users
in the channels by using MATLAB software and to determine
the probability of detection.
• The existing method of doing spectrum sensing for cognitive
radio
is very much time taking process and provides low accuracy
so
proposed method is used to overcome this problem.
LITERATURE
SURVEY
TECHNIQUE JOURNAL PURPOSE ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONS

F. Digham, To compare the  Relative  If our radio has a


M.S. Alouini and measured energy competational finite dynamic range
Spectrum with a threshold simplicity (upper and lower
sensing M.K. Simon proposed
value to decide  Reduce amount limits to the voltages
spectrum sensing whether the we can quantize),
traditional metrics. of required prior
channel is signal then at enough SNR
available. To detect knowledge. any detector can be
whether a rendered useless
frequency band is even under
being used by a moduratenoise
known primary uncertainty.
user.  It requires a large
number of
samples to
achieve a good
performance.
PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION
Energy Detection:
In this process the data is received from the signal is
checkwith the pre estimated with cut off range and detect the
existence of the user.

FFT-Based Energy Detector


DRAWBACKS
• Requires a large number of samples to achieve a good performance, which is
not practical for cognitive radio system that are expected to be rapid and
efficient.
• Needs longer sensing time in order to enhance signal to noise ratio which
leads to high power consumption, and detector performance is greatly
affected by the change of noise levels.
• Inability to differentiate interference from primary users and noise.
PROPOSED
SOLUTION
PROPOSED METHOD:
 To overcome the drawbacks of existing method, Spectrum sensing
can be done by entropy detection method. In this work, the
probability of detection is determined by comparing the entropies
with the calculated threshold.
 Entropy – Measure of the uncertainity.
 Entropy is calculated using histogram in MATLAB tools.
 MATLAB Software – R2017A.9.2.0538062 version.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
AWGN noise
w(n)

Threshold(λ) is
calculated

Entropy
Signal + calculation
S(n) Entropy calculation
for H1 and H0

Probability of Entropy(H) and


Detection Threshold(λ) compare
REQUIREMENTS
ADVANTAGES
•Probability of detection ishigh.
•Computational complexity is low.
•Accuracy ishigh.
•This method detects signal at low signal to noise
ratio.
THANK
YOU

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