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Speech Function, Politeness and Cross-Cultural Communication

This document discusses speech functions, politeness, and cross-cultural communication. It identifies seven speech functions - expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, poetic, phatic, and heuristic. It examines how social factors like social distance, relative status, and formality context affect the use of directives. It defines politeness as the application of good manners and etiquette. It distinguishes between positive and negative politeness. It notes some challenges to cross-cultural communication like miscommunication due to differences in language, sociolinguistic assumptions, and offers tips to improve intercultural communication like avoiding idioms and respecting local communication styles.

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Dini Eprinda Sari
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382 views11 pages

Speech Function, Politeness and Cross-Cultural Communication

This document discusses speech functions, politeness, and cross-cultural communication. It identifies seven speech functions - expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, poetic, phatic, and heuristic. It examines how social factors like social distance, relative status, and formality context affect the use of directives. It defines politeness as the application of good manners and etiquette. It distinguishes between positive and negative politeness. It notes some challenges to cross-cultural communication like miscommunication due to differences in language, sociolinguistic assumptions, and offers tips to improve intercultural communication like avoiding idioms and respecting local communication styles.

Uploaded by

Dini Eprinda Sari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Speech Function,

Politeness and Cross-


Cultural Communication

Here is where your presentation begins


The Function of Speech
- Expressive : express the speaker’s feeling
- Directive : attemp to get someone to do something
- Referential : Provide information
- Metalinguistic : comment on language itself- Poetic : Focus on aesthetic
features of language
- Phatic : Express solidarity and emphaty with otrhers
- Heuristic : Halliday identified this function of language which concerned
with learning,
- Commissives: it involves using threats and promises
EXAMPLE
- Expressive : I’m feeling great today
- Directive : open the door
- Referential : At the third stroke it will
be three o’clock precisely.
- Metalinguistic : Hegemony’ is not a
common word.
- Poetic : poem, an ear-catching motto, a
rhyme, Peter Piper picked a peck of
pickled peppers.
- Phatic : good
morning/afternoon/evening)
- Commissives : I will clean my room, I
promise
DIRECTIVE
• concerned with getting people to do
things.
• The speech acts which express
directive force vary in strength.
• Social factors: social distance, relative
status, formality context
Factors that affect people
In using directives
01 02
Social Distance
Between Participant
Relative Status
Higher social status tend to express
People who are close friends
imperative than interrogative and or intimates use more
declarative imperative

03
Formality Context
Formal context often uses
Declarative (More polite)
Politeness
Politeness is best expressed as the practical
application of good manners or etiquette.

While the goal of politeness is to make all of


the parties relaxed and comfortable with one
another,
Type of Politeness

Positive Politeness Negative Politeness


Making a request less Seeks to establish a positive
infringing, such as "If you relationship between parties;
don't mind..." or "If it isn't respects a person's need to be
too much trouble..." liked and understood. Direct
speech acts,
Cross- Cultural Communication

Miscommunication Learning another Sociolinguistics


Language Assumption

Despite being red, Mars is Jupiter is a gas giant and the Saturn is a gas giant and has
actually a cold place. It's full biggest planet in the Solar several rings. It's composed
of iron oxide dust System. It's the fourth- mostly of hydrogen and
brightest helium
Improving Intercultural
Communication
• Avoid using slang and idioms,
• Listen carefully and, if in doubt, ask for
confirmation of understanding (particularly
important if local accents and pronunciation
area problem)
• Recognize that accenting and intonation can
cause meaning to vary significantly;
• Respect the local communication formalities
and styles, and watch for any changes in body
language.
• Investigate their culture's perception of your
culture by reading literature about your culture
through their eyes before entering into
communication with them.
THANKS !!!!

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