Elements

Of
Ecological solid waste
management system
Ecological Solid Waste Management

The systematic administration of activities

which provide for segregation at source,
segregated transportation, storage, transfer,
processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste
and all other waste management activities which
do not harm the environment
SOLID WASTE
“Discarded household, commercial waste, non-
hazardous institutional, ports/harbor and industrial
waste, street sweepings, construction debris,
agriculture waste, and other non-hazardous/non-
toxic solid waste”
 KINDS OF SOLID WASTE

Biodegradable
(Nabubulok)
KITCHEN WASTE
Left over Food
Peelings
Veggie trims
Fish/fowl Cleanings
Seeds HUMAN WASTE
Bones Excreta
Soiled
GARDEN WASTE Wipes
Leaves ANIMAL WASTE
Twigs Manure
Weeds Carcass
Non-biodegradable
(Di-nabubulok)
PAPER
CARDBOARD
CLOTH/FIBER
LEATHER
FEATHERS
PLASTIC
STYROFOAM
RUBBER
CANS
METAL
HARDSHELLS
 Special Hazardous Waste
Household hazardous waste is
any waste, produced in the
home, which is flammable,
toxic, corrosive, or reactive.
Common examples include:
 Paints
 Pesticides
 Automotive fluids
 Hobby chemicals
 Cleaning products
 Thinners and strippers
 Batteries
 Acids/Bases
 TRANSFER &
TRANSPORT

WASTE GENERATION
( Domestic,
Commercial,
Institutional &
Industrial ) COLLECTION DISPOSAL
STORAGE

PROCESSING &
RECOVERY
 Conceptual Framework of RA 9003

Residuals Management
Municipal/
City Level

Barangay Segregated
Collection MRF
Level

Compostable Recyclable Special Residual Drop off sorting

wastes Wastes Wastes Wastes Center

recycling composting Garden/

farms
P C M

junkyards/ stores /
factories
 COMPLIANCE to RA 9003

Segregation at Source (Sec 21)

Segregated Collection (Sec 24)
MRF (Sec 32)
Closure of Open Dumps and Controlled
Disposal Facilities (Sec 37)
Sanitary Landfill (Sec 42-44)
 Mandatory Segregation of Solid Waste

• segregation of
wastes at source
• separate
container for
each type of
waste
• Container is
properly marked
 Compostable Wastes Recyclable Wastes
Fruit and veggie
Papers
peelings
Mineral Bottles
Soft shells
Metals/Aluminum
Leaves/Garden
Glass
Wastes
Other materials that
Other materials that
could be recycled
could be turned into
compost

Residual or Non- Special Wastes

recyclable Wastes
Sanitary napkins
Disposable Diapers Paints
Worn out rugs Thinners
Other soiled materials Batteries
that cannot be Spray Canisters
composted and recycled
Segregation at source

CANAMAN, CAMARINES SUR

MAGARAO. CAMARINES SUR

IROSIN, SORSOGON
 Collection and Transport of Solid Waste

Requirements for the Collection of Solid

Waste 
• Collection crew with Personnel Protective
Equipment (PPE)
• Training of collection crew
• separate collection schedules or trucks for
different types of wastes, or use of
compartmentalized trucks
• Waste covered during transport
Segregated Collection

MAGARAO. CAMARINES SUR BULAN, SORSOGON

SORSOGON CITY
MATERIAL RECOVERY
FACILITY
SECTION 32. Establishment of
LGU Materials Recovery Facility

There shall be established a Materials

Recovery Facility (MRF) in every barangay or
cluster of barangays. The facility shall be
established in a barangay-owned or leased
land or any suitable open space to be
determined by the barangay through its
Sanggunian. For this purpose, the barangay or
cluster of barangays shall allocate a certain
parcel of land for the MRF.
Material Recovery Facility

A site where
collected materials
can be stored until
they are sold or
processed for
composting
 MRF Components
as an Integral Part of the
Total Solid Waste Management System

Generation

Storage

Collection

Transfer & Processing &

Transport Recovery
MRF
Disposal
Types of Material Recovery Facility
• Barangay MRF (or cluster)
• Municipal MRF
• Junkshop as MRF
• MRF/Drop-off Center/Buy-
Back Center in Malls
• Mobile MRF
• Agri-business sector
FEATURES OF MATERIALS
RECOVERY FACILITY
 FEATURES OF MRF

Receive Wastes for

Final Sorting
• Final sorting of
wastes for recycling
and or final disposal
of wastes
 FEATURES OF MRF

Store Wastes for Processing

• Compostables and recyclables can be
stored in the MRF prior to transportation
to their respective processing facilities or
markets
 FEATURES OF MRF

Process Wastes
• Simple processing like cleaning and baling
 FEATURES OF MRF
Compost Production
Area
• For MRFs with
built-in area
 FEATURES OF MRF

Business Center for Livelihood Components

• Office serves as business center for
different garbage-based livelihood projects
 FEATURES OF MRF

Drop-off and Temporary

Storage Center for
Hazardous, Toxic and
White Wastes
• Must be provided with
ancillary structures for
hazardous wastes
containment
• Must provide well-
trained manpower to
manage THW
How to make a simple
MRF
Step-by-step guide in building MRF
1. Choose a site as small as 12 sq.m that is
accessible to the barangay
2. Build a storage space with roofing and
partitioned areas protected by cyclone wire
3. The partitions will hold recyclable materials
in separate cells for plastics, glass, metal,
aluminum or paper, etc.
4. Hold the area under lock and key to prevent
pilferage or theft of the materials
 SORSOGON CITY IROSIN, SORSOGON

STO. DOMINGO, ALBAY VIRAC, CATANDUANES

MAGARAO, CAMARINES SUR
Step-by-step guide in building MRF
5. For larger land area, a composting facility can
be out up.
6. Construct a mixing pond from concrete
where kitchen and garden waste and coco
dust can be mixed.
7. The mixing pond should have adequate
drainage for the leachate from the kitchen
waste
8. Storage for compost sacks should be
provided with roof. The roofed area will also
hold the shredder and mixer
9. If the barangay chooses other ways of
composting, the site should have open
ground for compost pits or piles
MAGARAO, CAMARINES SUR
 MAGARAO,
Biodegradable CAMARINES
Waste ManagementSUR
Recyclable Waste Management
MAGARAO, CAMARINES SUR
MAGARAO, CAMARINES SUR

Residual Waste Management

MMDA Materials Recovery Facility
Brgy Holy Spirit, Quezon City

Kariton Pangkabuhayan
Project
Davao City
Disposal Facilities

Open Dumpsite
Controlled Dumpsite
Sanitary Landfill
Open Dumpsite
Controlled Dumpsite
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPACTS
OF IMPROPER SOLID WASTE HANDLING
AND DISPOSAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF
IMPROPER SOLID WASTE HANDLING
AND DISPOSAL
HEALTH IMPACTS OF IMPROPER SOLID
WASTE HANDLING AND DISPOSAL

• DYSENTERY
• CHOLERA/TYPHOID
• LUNG PROBLEMS
SANITARY LANDFILL
FACILITY
 SANITARY LANDFILL
Sanitary landfill shall refer to a waste disposal site designed,
constructed, operated and maintained in a manner that exerts
engineering control over significant potential environmental
impacts arising from the development and operation of the facility.
(RA 9003)
 CATEGORIES OF FINAL DISPOSAL FACILITIES
FEATURES Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
≤ 15 tpd > 15 tpd, ≤ 75 tpd > 75 tpd, ≤ 200 tpd > 200 tpd

Daily and Immediate Soil

√ √ √ √
Cover
Embankment/ Cell
√ √ √ √
Separation
Drainage Facility √ √ √ √
Gas Venting √ √ √ √
Leachate Collection √ √ √ √
Combination of
Leachate Treatment Pond System Pond System Pond System physical, biological
and chemical

At a later stage At a later stage At a later stage of

Leachate Recirculation Treatment
of operation of operation operation

Clay Liner √1 √2
Clay Liner and/or
√3 √4
Synthetic Liner

1
clay liner must be at least 60 cm thick and has permeability of 10-5 cm/sec
2
clay liner must be at least 75 cm thick and has permeability of 10-6 cm/sec
3
clay liner must be at least 75 cm thick and has permeability of 10-7 cm/sec or better, if not available an equivalent replacement would
be a composite liner consisting of at least 1.5 mm thick HDPE membrane over at least 60 cm thickness of compacted fine materials
with permeability no more than 10-6 cm/sec.
4
synthetic liner at least 1.5 mm thick HDPE membrane over at least 60 cm thickness of compacted clay materials with permeability no
more than 10-7 cm/sec
PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS

CATEGORIES 1 and 2 application for an ECC shall require the

submission of an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
Checklist.

CATEGORIES 3 and 4 application for an ECC shall require the

submission of an IEE Report.

In view further of the provisions of the procedural manual for

DAO NO. 30, ECC application for sanitary landfill projects with
a daily capacity of 1000 metric tons and above shall be required
an Environmental Impact Study (EIS)
 Sanitary Landfill

Metro Clark Waste Management Facility, Capas, Tarlac

 LANDFILLING DIAGRAM
GAS VENTING SYSTEM
PERFORATED PIPES
(4” DIA. PERFORATED PVC PIPES)
(LEACHATE COLLECTION)

FINAL SOIL COVER

MANGROVE TREES SIDE SLOPE 1:4 GRAVEL
VEGETATION

V-DITCH CANAL HDPE LINER

COMPACTED WASTES NATURAL CLAY SOIL COVER

ALTERNATIVE
TECHNOLOGY
 ECOLOGICAL PARKS
ECOLOGICAL PARK AT IROSIN, SORSOGON

ECOLOGICAL PARK AT BULAN, SORSOGON

Rubber Tire Recycling
 Laminates Recycling

MILO SACHETS
Pail from milo sachets
Composite (Tetrapack) Recycling
Doy Pack Recycling
GREEN FURNITURES – (EB Magalona, Negros Occidental)
plastics — as fillers for sofa sets
Polystyrene Recycling
 Major Equipment

Plastic and Styro Plastic and Styro

Shredder Densifier
 Raw Materials

Foamed PS
Used Cooking Oil

Expanded PS
Melting Process

date
Molding Process

date
 PRODUCTS

FOR FURTHER PROCESSING FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS

(Potential Export Market – China)
PRODUCTS
FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS
Functional Products
Functional Products
 Solid Waste Management Section
GIVE Environmental Management
Bureau V
EARTH A Regional Center Site
CHANCE Rawis, Legazpi City
Tel./Fax No.: (052) 482-0197
E-mail Add: [email protected]