Gender Sensitivity

Gender-Based Violence
JUNE 24, 2022
Gender Sensitivity
SEX AND GENDER
What makes one male What makes one
or female feminine or masculine
Socially determined
Biologically determine
and culturally defined
Refers physical Refers to learned
characteristics behaviors
Constant across time Changes across time
Changes across places
Constant across culture
and culture
Gender Sensitivity
SEX AND GENDER
born with afterwards
What happens
What you are
CONSTRUCTED
BIOLOGICAL SOCIALLY

CAN’T BE CHANGED CHANGEABLE

Only women can give birth; Women can do traditional male
only men can supply sperm. jobs as well as men can take good
care of children as women do.
Gender Inequality

Gender inequality is discrimination on the basis of

sex or gender causing one sex or gender to be
routinely privileged or prioritized over another.
Gender-Based Violence

Gender-based violence is major consequence of

gender inequality.
 X
Gender-linked “Labeling” leads to
the idea that..
• Men and women have different statuses
• Assumes that men are superior to women and should be
dominant

• Men and women should do different work

• Women’s work is in child-rearing and nurturing.
• Men should be the one to earn a living and support the family
 REPUBLIC ACT
9262
Anti-Violence Against
Women and their
Children Act of 2004
V – Violence
A – Against
W – Women
C – Children
 Effectivity and Promulgation
RA 9262

SIGNED ON - 8 March 2004

TOOK EFFECT - 27 March 2004

IRR - promulgated last 21 September 2004

SALIENT FEATURE
"Violence against women and their children“ refers to any act or a series of
acts committed by any person against:
• a woman who is his wife,
• former wife,
• or against a woman with whom the person has or had a sexual or
dating relationship,
• or with whom he has a common child,
• or against her child whether legitimate or illegitimate,

• within or without the family abode, which result in or is likely to result

in physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering, or economic
abuse including threats of such acts, battery, assault, coercion,
harassment or arbitrary deprivation of liberty.
"Dating relationship" refers to a situation wherein the parties live as
husband and wife without the benefit of marriage or are romantically
involved over time and on a continuing basis during the course of the
relationship. A casual acquaintance or ordinary socialization between
two individuals in a business or social context is not a dating
relationship.
"Sexual relations" refers to a single sexual act which may or may not
result in the bearing of a common child.

“Children" refer to those:

• below eighteen (18) years of age
• or older but are incapable of taking care of themselves
• it includes the biological children of the victim
• and other children under her care .
FOUR ACTS THAT CONSTITUTE VAWC:
A. "Physical Violence" refers to acts that include bodily or physical harm;
• Causing physical harm to the woman or her child.
• Threatening and/or attempting to cause the woman or her child
physical harm.
• Placing the woman or her child in fear of imminent physical harm.
FOUR ACTS THAT CONSTITUTE VAWC:
B. "Sexual Violence" refers to an act which is sexual in nature, committed against
a woman or her child. It includes, but is not limited to:
• rape, sexual harassment, acts of lasciviousness, treating a woman or her
child as a sex object, making demeaning and sexually suggestive remarks,
physically attacking the sexual parts of the victim's body, forcing her/him to
watch obscene publications and indecent shows or forcing the woman or
her child to do indecent acts and/or make films thereof and forcing the wife,
mistress or lover to live in the conjugal home or sleep together in the same
room with the abuser;
• acts causing or attempting to cause the victim to engage in any sexual
activity by force, threat of force, physical or other harm or threat of
physical or other harm or coercion;
• prostituting the woman or child.
C. "Psychological Violence" refers to acts or omissions causing or likely to cause
mental or emotional suffering of the victim such as but not limited to intimidation,
harassment, stalking, damage to property, public ridicule or humiliation, repeated
verbal abuse and mental infidelity. It includes causing or allowing the victim to
witness the physical, sexual or psychological abuse of a member of the family to which
the victim belongs, or to witness pornography in any form or to witness abusive
injury to pets or to unlawful or unwanted deprivation of the right to custody and/or
visitation of common children.
• Stalking or following the woman or her child in public or private places;
• Peering in the window or lingering outside the residence of the woman or her
child;
• Entering or remaining in the dwelling or on the property of the woman or her
child against her will;
• Destroying the property and personal belongings or inflicting harm to animals
or pets of the woman or her child; and
•
D. “Economic abuse” refers to acts that make or attempt to make a woman
financially dependent which includes, but is not limited to the following:
• withdrawal of financial support or preventing the victim from
engaging in any legitimate profession, occupation, business or activity,
except in cases wherein the other spouse/partner objects on valid,
serious and moral grounds as defined in Article 73 of the Family
Code;
• deprivation or threat of deprivation of financial resources and the
right to the use and enjoyment of the conjugal, community or
property owned in common;
• destroying household property;
• controlling the victim’s own money or properties or solely controlling
the conjugal money or properties.
PENALTIES:
Penalizes acts that constitute VAWC based
on the following: (Sec. 6&8)
• Imprisonment based on the provisions
of the Revised Penal Code
• Fine ranging from P100,000 to
P300,000; and
• Mandatory psychological counseling or
psychiatric treatment for perpetrators.