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Cyclones

Cyclones are rotating storms characterized by inward spiraling winds around a low pressure center. There are three main types of cyclones: tropical cyclones, which include hurricanes and typhoons; polar cyclones that occur in polar regions; and mesocyclones, which are rotating storms within thunderstorms that can spawn tornadoes. Tropical cyclones form over warm tropical oceans and cause heavy rains and strong winds. They pose a serious threat along coastal regions in India and other parts of South Asia and require advanced forecasting and preparedness measures like cyclone shelters to minimize damage and loss of life.

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2K views18 pages

Cyclones

Cyclones are rotating storms characterized by inward spiraling winds around a low pressure center. There are three main types of cyclones: tropical cyclones, which include hurricanes and typhoons; polar cyclones that occur in polar regions; and mesocyclones, which are rotating storms within thunderstorms that can spawn tornadoes. Tropical cyclones form over warm tropical oceans and cause heavy rains and strong winds. They pose a serious threat along coastal regions in India and other parts of South Asia and require advanced forecasting and preparedness measures like cyclone shelters to minimize damage and loss of life.

Uploaded by

Pavan Kumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cyclone

INTRODUCTION

 The term cyclones is derived from a Greek


word cyclos which means coilling of snakes
 Cyclones are characterised by inward spiral
winds that rotate about a zone of low air
pressure
 Closed low-level atmospheric circulation,
strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of
thunderstorms that produce a heavy rain.
Types of cyclones

The term ‘cyclone’ actually


refers to several different types
of storm. There are three types
of cyclone.

1. Tropical Cyclones
2. Polar cyclones
3. Mesocylones
Trophical cyclone
Tropical cyclones are what most people are familiar with because these
are cyclones that occur over the tropical ocean regions. Hurricanes and
typhoons are actually types of tropical cyclones, but they have different
names so that it’s clear where that storm is occurring.
Polar cyclones
Polar cyclones are cyclones that occur in polar
region like Greenland, Siberia and Antarctica.
Unlike tropical cyclones, Polar Cyclones are
usually stronger in winter months.

Meso cyclones
Mesocyclone is a cyclone that occurs
when part of a thunderstorm cloud
starts to spin, which may eventually lead
to a tornado. 'Meso' means 'middle’.
Difference between Typhoon, Hurricane and Cyclone

Region Other name of cyclones


Atlantic & northeast pacific Ocean Hurricane

Northwest Pacific Ocean Typhoon


Indian & southsouth Pacific Ocean Cyclones

Japan Taifu
Northern Australia Wily willies
Philippines Baguio
Formation of Cyclones
Categories of
Cyclones
Impact of Cyclones

Wind Flooding
Erosion
Distribution of cyclones in India
 Indian subcontinent is one of the worst
cyclone affected areas of the world
 About 8 % of the total land area,
particularly along the eastern coast and
Gujarat coast is vulnerable to cyclones.
 Indian Ocean is one of six major
cyclone prone regions of the world.
• Two definite seasons of cyclones
1. May to June
2. mid- September to mid –December
Severe cyclone affected in India.
Bhola Cyclone – 1970

It struck Bangladesh and West Bengal. It is


considered as the deadliest cyclone causing
around 3-5 lakh deaths.

Odisha Cyclone - 1999

The 1999 Odisha cyclone was the strongest recorded


tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean and among
the most destructive in the region.
Cyclone Hudhud - 2014

Hudhud was a strong tropical cyclone, which caused


damage to Visakhapatnam in A P.

Cyclone Amphan 2020

The Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan was a


powerful and deadly cyclone, causing damage
in Eastern India and Bangladesh

Cyclone Tauktae - 2021

The first cyclonic storm of 2021, Cyclone Tauktae,


hit southern Gujarat
Cyclone forecasting
 Predicting where a tropical cyclone is going
to hit over the next five days, every six to
twelve hours.
 It is comprehensive approach which uses a
variety of meteorological tools and
methods to make predictions.
 The weather of a particular location can
show signs of approaching cyclone, such as
increasing swell, falling barometric
pressure, increasing tides and heavy rainfall
Mitigation and Preparedness Measures for Cyclone

 Hazard Mapping:cyclone hazard


assessment on a map, showing the
frequency/probability of occurrences of
various intensities or durations
 Land Use Planning: Vulnerable areas
should be kept for parks, grazing grounds
or flood diversion instead of human
settlements.
 Cyclone Shelters: are necessary for areas
vulnerable
Engineered Structures:
 Constructing buildings on stilts or
on earthen mounds.Wind and
water resistant building
 Mangrove Plantation: Mangroves
protect the coastal area from storm
surge and wind accompanied with
cyclones.

Thank you

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