PED 226 ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION
INSTRUCTIONAL
THEORIES IN
ADAPTED
PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
QUINDARA, FLOIEH M. I Report
Instructional Instructional theory aims to
describe how to help people
Theory learn and develop, create
conditions that boost the
chance of learning and
improve instruction.
Difference between Learning Theory and Instructional Theory
LEARNING THEORY INSTRUCTIONAL THEORY
FOCUS ON THE EFFECTS OF THE LEARNER FOCUS ON THE EFFECTS OF
INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY AND
LEARNING PROCESS
A SET OF IDEAS ABOUT HOW PEOPLE LEARN, A SET OF IDEAS FOR HOW BEST TO HELP
SUCH AS BEHAVIORISM, COGNITIVISM, AND PEOPLE
CONSTRUCTIVISM
DESCRIPTIVELY EXPLAINS THE "WHAT HAPPENS" PRESCRIBE METHODS FOR "HOW" ONE
OF THE LEARNING PROCESS, TYPICALLY WHAT MIGHT EFFECTIVELY, EFFICIENTLY, AND
MIGHT BE GOING ON IN THE LEARNER APPEALING LEARN
Instructional Theory
Behaviorial
Learning
Cognitive Constructivism
ASSURE:
Instructional
Design Model
A – Analyze
Learners The analysis of your learners should
include:
Characteristics • The general attributes of your
learners, such as age, academic
abilities, gender, interests, etc.
• Prior competencies
• Learning styles, such as auditory,
visual, and tactile
Audience – For whom is the objective
S – State intended?
Behavior – What is the behavior or
Standards performance to be demonstrated?
and Objectives Conditions – What are the conditions under
which the behavior or performance will be
observed?
Degree – To what degree will the knowledge
or skill be mastered?
figure out which delivery method will be
best for your instruction S – Select
Strategies,
Technology,
Learning is at its best when the teacher
Media, and
merely leads the student into discovering Materials
the correct answer to a problem
themselves.
It’s important to follow the “five p’s”
process to achieve this:
U – Utilize
Preview the Technology, Media, and Materials
Prepare the Technology, Media, and Materials
Technology,
Prepare the Environment Media, and
Prepare the Learners
Materials
Provide the Learning Experience
R – Require It requires that you make plans on how you are
Learner going to actively engage your students in the
material that you are teaching. This needs to be
Participation figured out both at the class level and the
individual level.
E – Evaluate
• Did your lesson meet the learning objectives that
you planned? How will you determine whether the
students reach the objectives? Is your way of
assessing the students in line with your learning
and Revise
objectives?
• Can this lesson be improved? How? How are you
going to assess the weaknesses in your
presentation?
• Was your choice of media and materials a good
one? How will you assess the effectiveness of
these tools?
• Is it possible that other technologies, media, and
materials would have done a better job?
Modifying Physical Activities
to Include Individuals with
Disabilities
“To make inclusion
developmentally appropriate,
teachers need to adjust the task
and environment to suit
students’ abilities”.
• Ecosystems are human environment interactions
• The self interacting with environment
Ecological theory is central to
Adaptive Physical Activity
Ecological theory is central to Adaptive
Physical Activity
TASK
ENVIRONMENT
PERSON
TEACHER
(STUDENT &
Do you agree on
“We ADAPT the way we
provide ( or deliver) each
service”?
• Adapt planning P
• Adapt assessment A
• Adapt preparation, paperwork, meetings P
• Adapt teaching, counseling, coaching T
• Adapt evaluation E
• Adapt consultation & collaboration C
• Adapt advocacy A
ADAPTATION MODEL
Some Adaptation Theory Principles
• Adapt variables, not whole people or processes
• Consider task, environment, and person variables and how
variables interact (ecological task analysis)
• Think “psychomotor” to emphasize that change affects total
ecology (whole person in relation to environment). Change
is a holistic process
APE/APA SERVICE DELIVERY
Philosophy of APE Direct Service Delivery
VISION- BELIEFS-PURPOSE-DOMAINS-GOALS-OUTCOMES
Scientific & Practice Knowledge about Service Delivery
Theories- Principles- Models- Practices
Underlying Assumptions
Professionals Job Function and Competencies and/or
Roles Services Standards
APE Teacher in Special Class
APE Teacher in mainstream, Consultant, APA Researcher,
APA In- Service & Continuing Ed PAPTECA
APA Family Worker
Afterschool Sport Coach
Without knowledge of Human
Cognitive Process Instructional
Design is blind.
THANK
YOU!
Online sources used
Resources
https://tophat.com/glossary/i/instructional-theory/
https://assignmentpoint.com/instructional-theory/
https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-instructional-design-model/
https://gsi.berkeley.edu/gsi-guide-contents/learning-theory-research/
learning-overview/
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ794531.pdf
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/58258
