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Simplifying and Calculating Fractions

1) To simplify fractions, divide the numerator and denominator by a common factor. To add or subtract fractions, write them with a common denominator first before combining like terms. To multiply or divide fractions, multiply or divide the numerators and denominators respectively. 2) Converting between improper fractions and mixed numbers involves representing the whole number of times the denominator goes into the numerator. 3) Examples are provided for simplifying, adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions as well as converting between improper and mixed number forms.

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sandhya srinivasan
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280 views15 pages

Simplifying and Calculating Fractions

1) To simplify fractions, divide the numerator and denominator by a common factor. To add or subtract fractions, write them with a common denominator first before combining like terms. To multiply or divide fractions, multiply or divide the numerators and denominators respectively. 2) Converting between improper fractions and mixed numbers involves representing the whole number of times the denominator goes into the numerator. 3) Examples are provided for simplifying, adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions as well as converting between improper and mixed number forms.

Uploaded by

sandhya srinivasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOUR RULES FOR

FRACTIONS
The language of fractions

4 numerator

5 denominator

5 improper fraction
3
3
2 mixed number
4
To simplify a fraction you divide the numerator and denominator by a
common factor. 2

6 3
=
8 4

2
This can be shown on a diagram:

=
Examples

6
1 Simplify
9
3

6 = 2
9 3

3
14
2 Simplify
35
7

14 = 2
35 5

7
36
3 Simplify
42
6

36 = 6
42 7

6
5
4 Change to a mixed number.
4

note: 4 quarters make one whole one

5 1
= 1
4 4
8
5 Change to a mixed number.
3

note: 3 thirds make one whole one

8 2
= 2
3 3
Adding and subtracting fractions

To add or subtract fractions a common denominator is needed first.

Example

1 2
1 Calculate 
5 3

first write both fractions with a common denominator of 15

1 3 2 10
 and 
5 15 3 15

1 2 3 10 13
So    
5 3 15 15 15
4 1
2 Calculate 
7 2
first write both fractions with a common denominator of 14

4 8 1 7
 and 
7 14 2 14

4 1 8 7 1
So    
7 2 14 14 14
2 1
3 Calculate 2  1
5 4
first write both fractions with a common denominator of 20

2 8 1 5
 and 
5 20 4 20

2 1 8 5 13
So 2  1  2 1  3
5 4 20 20 20
Multiplying and dividing fractions

Example

1 2
1 Calculate 
5 3

multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators

1 2 1 2 2
  
5 3 53 15
3 1
2 Calculate 1  2 first change to improper fractions
4 5
3 7 1 11
1  and 2 
4 4 5 5

3 1 7 11
1 2   multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators.
4 5 4 5
7  11

45
77 change to a mixed number

20
17
3
20
5 3 3 5
3 Calculate  dividing by is the same as multiplying by
8 5 5 3

5 3 5 5
   multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators.
8 5 8 3
55

83
25 change to a mixed number

24
1
1
24
1 3
4 Calculate 1  2 first change to improper fractions
2 4
1 3 3 11
1  and 2 
2 2 4 4
1 3 3 11 11 4
1 2   dividing by is the same as multiplying by
2 4 2 4 4 11
3 4
  multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators.
2 11
34

2  11
12 simplify

22
6

11

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