Communicative

Strategies
 Communicative Strategies
 Communicative Strategies are plans/ways/means of sharing information
which are adopted to achieve a particular social, political, psychological,
or linguistic purpose.
 The use of Communicative Strategies is the hallmark of communicative
competence.
 Being able to use such strategies make certain not only the achievement
of the Speech Purpose but also the enrichment of the communication
experience for both Speaker and Listener.
 Communicative Strategies when used by the Speaker (and sometimes the
Listener) allow for the adjustment of the Message and its Delivery. Of
course, such strategies are employed within specific Speech Contexts
using a combination of Speech Styles and Speech Acts.
Seven Types of Communicative Strategies:
1. Nomination – presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully, and saying
only what is relevant;
2. Restriction – constraining the response/reaction within a set of
categories;
3. Turn-taking – recognizing when and how to speak because it is one’s
turn;
4. Topic control – keeping the interaction going by asking questions and
eliciting a response;
5. Topic shifting – introducing a new topic followed by the continuation of
that topic;
6. Repair – overcoming communication breakdown to send more
comprehensible messages; and
7. Termination – using verbal and nonverbal signals to end the interaction.
 Nomination
When introducing a topic at the beginning of a Communicative Situation, what is being
used is the Nomination Communicative Strategy. It is a strategy that can also be applied
any time during the course of an interaction as a way of continuing the communication.
When this strategy is used, the topic is introduced in a clear and truthful manner, stating
only what is relevant to keep the interaction focused.

Example: Have you noticed the weird weather lately? Is this because of
global warming?

Example: I was late for class again! The MRT stopped midway. What is
wrong with the MRT?
Restriction
Restriction Communicative Strategy is a strategy that constrains or
restricts the Response of the other person involved in the
Communication Situation. The Listener is forced to respond only within
a set of categories that is made by the Speaker.

Example: They say that the Philippine economy is getting better. Only
the stupid think that, right? (No one wants to be stupid.)

Example: That arrest move was a disaster waiting to happen. Do you

agree? (Yes/No)
Turn-Taking
 Turn-taking Communicative Strategy requires that each Speaker speaks only when
it is his/her turn during an interaction. Knowing when to talk depends on
watching out for the verbal and nonverbal cues that signal the next Speaker that
the previous Speaker has finished or the topic under discussion has been
exhausted and a new topic may be introduced. At the same time, it also means
that others should be given the opportunity to take a turn. Turn-taking
Communicative Strategy uses either an informal approach (just jump in and start
talking) or a formal approach (permission to speak is requested).
 Example: I agree with the point just made. But may l add that OFWs would rather
be home and work here so they could be with their families.

 Example: May I have the floor, sir? The topic under discussion is the state of the
Philippine economy today. We want better lives for all Filipinos, whether they are
working here or abroad.
Topic Control
After the Nomination Communicative Strategy, the interaction is kept
going by using the Topic-Control Communicative Strategy. This is
simply a question-answer formula that moves the discussion forward.
This also allows the Listener or the other participants to take turns,
contribute ideas, and continue the discussion.
Example: How often do you ride the MRT, Tony? How many times have
you encountered a stoppage in service?

Example: Your car may break down, too, Luna, right? So you have to find
another means of getting to school. We all do not want to be late for class,
yes?
 Topic Shifting
Topic-Shifting Communicative-Strategy is the strategy that is useful in
introducing another topic. This Strategy works best when there is follow-
through so that a new topic continues to be discussed. This is also used in
Repair Communicative Strategy.
Example: This is a battle with corporations that continue to pollute the
environment. But this is also a battle with man himself, who continues to act
as if there is another Earth we can move to once this Earth dies.

Example: If we cannot use the Earth’s resources, our economies will die. We
need to choose: the economy or the environment.
Repair
When miscommunication occurs, one can apply the Repair Communicative Strategy that
includes requesting clarification, not acknowledging, topic shifting, not responding,
repeating, recasting, and adding. One requests clarification by asking questions or using
eyebrows, eyes, head, or shoulders to show that the Message could not be understood. By
not acknowledging the new situation, the situation already in progress will continue. Topic
shifting can help direct the discussion to another topic or divert the attention of the
Listener from the topic that has become problematic.
Repeating is a good way of correcting oneself and gives the Speaker time to do just that.
Recasting means changing the form of a Message that could not be understood. It allows
the Speaker to say the Message in another way so that the Listener can understand what
was originally incomprehensible.
Example: I have ordered Colonel…uh…General Villar to look into this matter. He, General
Villar I mean, will report directly to me, as President of the Philippines.

Example: When we look at the World Wide Web, more popularly known as wwww… excuse
me, www, we find that this Information Highway or rather Superhighway is the means
toward becoming part of a globally economy, a global economy.
 Termination
Termination Communicative Strategy ends the interaction through verbal
and nonverbal Messages that both Speaker and Listener send to each
other. Sometimes the Termination is quick and short. Sometimes it is
prolonged by clarifications, further questions, or the continuation of the
topic already discussed, but the point of the language and body movement
is to end the communication.
Example:
P1: So that’s it for our plans in the upcoming Student Council elections.
P2: Yes.
P3: Okay, all done.
P4: Finished.
P1: See you in class.
P2, P3, P4: See you later.
Think of at least 3 movies you had just watched, observe a specific scene
in which the characters used a communicative strategies Evaluate its effect on the
conversation and to the characters.

Movie Title Scene Communicative Effect of the Effect on the

(Write a short excerpt Strategy Applied Conversation Characters
from the movie)

1. Thunderstruck After attaining the Repair The coach called There was a
basketball skills of Kevin the main character miscommunication in
Durant. Brian (The main by another name to the two parties but later
character)heads to the which he doesn’t was fixed after
basketball tryouts of his know about. countless fixes in the
school’s varsity team. The communication effort.
coach called brian, by the
name of billy but later
retracted his statement and
called him by his real
name

2. Thor: Love As Thor asks Zeus for Restriction Thor ultimately Because of
and Thunder help, Zeus sways the fights Gorr together
References:

https://brainly.ph/question/8942011

https://www.elcomblus.com/how-to-use-the-types-of-communicative-strategies/
Exercise:

 https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5b5d9c12ea184c001c5e9c39/types-
of-communicative-strategy