8255
Programmable Peripheral Interface/
Parallel Communication Interface/
Programmable input output Port
PA
Data PB
MP Bus 8255 I/O Devices
PC
Mode of Operation - 8255
The function of 8255 is categorized in two mode:
●
Set/Reset Bit (BSR) mode: The BSR mode is used to set or reset bit
at port C.
●
I/O mode: The I/O is divided into 3 groups:
− Mode 0, Mode 1 and Mode 2.
●
Mode 0, all ports function as input or output (I/O function).
●
Mode 1, is handshake mod, where port A and/or port B used port
C as handshake bit.
●
Mode 2, port A can be used as bi-directional data transfer port
with port C as handshake port and port B will be in mode 1 or
mode 2.
8255 – Control word
Figure shows the function of control register, the content in this register
is known as Control Word which determines input/output ports.
This register is used to write control word when A0 and A1 are at logic
1.
Bit D7 in control register determines the I/O function or Set/Reset. If
bit D7 = 1, bits D6-D0 determine the function of I/O in multiple
modes.
Suppose bit D7 = 0, the port C operates in Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode.
The BSR control word does’t not cause any effect to port A and port
B. The port C command register sets (1) or resets (0) the port C pins
during mode 1 or mode 2 operation.
Control Word
Format
8255A – BSR Control
Word
● BSR Control Word.
− The written control word in control register, set/reset will take only one bit at a time, as
follows:
*
Functions of control
word
8253/8254
Programmable Interval Timer
Architecture
Features of 8254:
1) Three independent 16-bit down counters.
2)8254 can handle inputs from DC to 10 MHz (5MHz 8254-5 8MHz 8254 10MHz
8254-2) where as 8253 can operate upto 2.6 Mhz
3)Three counters are identical presettable, and can be programmed for either binary or BCD
count.
4) Counter can be programmed in six different modes.
5) Compatible with all Intel and most other microprocessors.
6)8254 has powerful command called READ BACK command which allows the user to
check the count value, programmed mode and current mode and current status of the
counter..
Modes of Operation of 8254
•Mode 0 : Interrupt on terminal count
•MODE 1 : Programmable One-shot mode
•MODE 2 : Rate generator
•MODE 3 : Square Wave Rate Generator
•MODE 4 : Software Triggered Strobe.
•MODE 5 : Hardware triggered strobe (Retriggerable).
Modes of Operation of 8253
●
Mode 0: Interrupt in terminal count.The
output will start off zero. The count is loaded
and the timer will start to count down. When
the count has reached zero the output will
be set high, and remain high until the next
count has been reloaded.
●
Mode 1: Programmable One-Shot. The
output will go low following the rising edge
of the gate input. The counter will count and
the output will go high once the counter
has reached zero.
Modes of Operation of 8253
●
Mode 2: Rate Generator. The counter will
continually count down, when the count
reaches zero, the output will pulse low and
the counter will be reloaded.
●
Mode 3: Square Wave Generator. This mode
is similar to Mode 2 except the output
remains low for half of the timer period and
high for the other half of the period.
Modes of Operation of 8253
●
Mode 4: Software Triggered Pulse. The
output will remain high untill the timer has
counted to zero, at which point the output
will pulse low and then go high again.
●
Mode 5: Hardware Triggered Pulse. The
counter will start counting once the gate
input goes high, when the counter reaches
zero the output will pulse low and then go
high again.
