THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION AND
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Agricultural Revolution
• The first big economic change.
• People had come to realize that they can domesticate plants
and animals that is more convenient and more productive
than hunter-gather societies. This helped them build
surpluses, meaning they don’t have to spend much time
producing food that has led to major developments like
permanent settlements, trade networks, and population
growth.
Industrial Revolution
• The second major economic change emerged on 1800s.
• With the rise of industry came new economic tools, like steam
engines, manufacturing, and mass production. Factories popped up
and changed how work functioned. People began working as wage
laborers and then becoming more specialized in their skills.
• Productivity went up, standards of living rose, and people had access
to a wider variety of goods due to mass production.
• However, as this revolution emerged comes economic casualties.
Workers in the factories – who were mainly poor women and children
– worked in dangerous conditions for low wages. So then
industrialists of this time were called robber barons – with more
productivity came greater wealth but also greater economic inequality.
• In the late 19th century, labor unions were formed which were sought
to improve wages and working conditions through collective action,
strikes, and negotiations which gave way for minimum wage laws,
reasonable working hours, and regulations to protect the safety of the
workers,