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Introduction and Application of Dbms

This document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and their applications. It begins with definitions of key concepts like data, databases, DBMS and database systems. It then provides examples of databases like hotel reservations, e-commerce sites, phone directories and online streaming services. The document outlines the main functions of a DBMS, including defining structures, loading data, querying, modifying and accessing data. It includes an example student database and describes how data can be manipulated through queries and updates. Key characteristics of databases like being self-describing, supporting multiple views, and enabling data sharing and transactions are summarized. The document concludes with more details on applications of DBMS like YouTube, iTunes and geographic information systems.

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Tejaswini Natraj
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49 views

Introduction and Application of Dbms

This document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and their applications. It begins with definitions of key concepts like data, databases, DBMS and database systems. It then provides examples of databases like hotel reservations, e-commerce sites, phone directories and online streaming services. The document outlines the main functions of a DBMS, including defining structures, loading data, querying, modifying and accessing data. It includes an example student database and describes how data can be manipulated through queries and updates. Key characteristics of databases like being self-describing, supporting multiple views, and enabling data sharing and transactions are summarized. The document concludes with more details on applications of DBMS like YouTube, iTunes and geographic information systems.

Uploaded by

Tejaswini Natraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION AND

APPLICATION OF DBMS
OUTLINE

 Database Introduction
 An Example
 Characteristics of the database
 Applications
DATABASE SYSTEM
 Data :
Known facts that can be recorded and have an implicit meaning.
 Database:
A collection of related data
 Database Management System:
A software for storing and retrieving users data
While considering appropriate security measures
 Database System:
Data and the DBMS along with the application associated with them is referred as database
system
Database Examples

 Hotel and airline reservations


 E Shopping
 Telephone directory
 Online television services
DBMS Functionality
 Define a particular database in terms
of its data types, structures and constraints
 Construct or load the initial database
contents on a secondary storage medium
 Manipulate the database:
a) Retrieval: Querying, generating reports
b) Modification: Insertions, deletions and updates to its content
c) Accessing the database through application
 Share database allows multiple users and programmers to
access database simultaneously
Example of Simple Database
 STUDENT
Name Student _number class combination

Sana 23 1 PMC
Yashaswini 25 1 PMC

 COURSE
Course _name Course_number Credit_hours Department

Introduction to c CS1310 1 CS
programming

Data structures CS9920 3 CS


Database CS3390 4 CS
management
 Section

Section_ Course_ semester year Instructor


identifier number

95 CS1310 fall 1 Jyothi


lakshmi
92 CS9920 spring 1 Ramya.S.
K
102 CS3390 spring 2 Sukrutha
 Grade _Report

Student_ Section_ Grade


number identifier
23 92 A
23 95 B
25 102 A
Database manipulation
 Database manipulation involves querying and updating
 Example of querying are:
Retrieve a transcript: List the prerequisite of the database course
 prerequisite

Course_ Prerequisite_
number number
CS1310 CS55320
CS9920 CS51310
CS3390 CS61201

 Example of updating are: enter the grade of “Sana “ in “Database “


course
Characteristics of the Database

 Self-describing nature of a Database system


 Database system contains not only the database itself but also
a complete definition of the database structure and constraints
 The information stored in the catalogue is called Meta-data
(data about data) and it describes the structure of the primary
database
Relations Columns
column_ Data type Belongs _to_
EXAMPLE OF SIMPLIFIED META-
Relational_ No of name relation
name columns
Name Character(30) Student
Student 4
Student_ Character(4) Student
Course 4 number
Section 5 Class Integer(1) Student
Grade_ 3 Combination Character(4) Student
Report
Course_ Character(10) Course
Prerequisite 2 name
Course_ XXXNNNN Course
number
This is an example of Meta –data of
university Database ……… …….. ………..
Shown earlier
………. ……….. ………..
Prerequisite_ XXXNNNN Prerequisite
DATA

Number
Insulation between programs and
data
 In file processing ,if any changes to the structure of a file
may require changing all programs that access the file
 In database system, the structure of the data files is stored in
DBMS catalog seperately from the access program
 This is called program-data indepedence
Support of multiple view of the
data
 Each user may see a different view of the database, which
describe only data of interest to that user
 It may also contain some virtual data that is derived from the
database files but it is not explicitly stored
Sharing of data and multi-user
transaction processing
 Allowing a set of concurrent users to retrieve from database
and to update the database
 Concurrency control within a DBMS guarantees that each
transaction is correctly executed or aborted
 For example, when several reservation clerks try to assign a
seat on an airplane flight
 (these type of applications are generally called
Online transaction processing (OLTP)
Applications
 Database Management Systems are not a new concept and as
such it had been first implemented in 1960S . Charles
Bachman's Integrated Data Store(IDS) is said to be first
DBMS in history .With time database technology evolved a
lot
 More Recent Application:
 YouTube
 iTunes
 Geographic Information system
YouTube
Geographic Information
System(GIS)
 GIS is an integrated set of hardware and software tools used
for manipulation and management of digital spatial data
(geographic) and related attribute data
Spatial data are
stored in form of map
Topological data
structures are used
for storing spatial
data models in
SPATIAL DATA MODELS

database
 the secondary data
structures that was
used in GIS was
CAD data structure
CAD models lacks
the spatial
relationship between
geographical feature
A separate data
model used to store
and maintain attribute
data of GIS software
The relational
ATTRIBUTE DATA MODEL

database model is
widely used for
managing the
attributes of
geographic data
Both the topological
and relational model
SPATIAL DATA RELATIONSHIP
are linked together
using
Unique
identification
numbers [DBMS
primary key]
Thank you

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