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Chapter 1-7-NE 5e

Testing and Troubleshooting a LAN involves verifying connections, using ping commands to test reachability, and troubleshooting connection issues. The ping command uses ICMP to send echo requests to a destination address and check for replies, verifying that devices are communicating on the network. If a ping request times out, it means the destination device is not reachable. A host's IP address can also be obtained using the ipconfig command.

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40 views11 pages

Chapter 1-7-NE 5e

Testing and Troubleshooting a LAN involves verifying connections, using ping commands to test reachability, and troubleshooting connection issues. The ping command uses ICMP to send echo requests to a destination address and check for replies, verifying that devices are communicating on the network. If a ping request times out, it means the destination device is not reachable. A host's IP address can also be obtained using the ipconfig command.

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James Johf
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Chapter 1-7

Testing and Troubleshooting


a LAN
Verify the Connection
 Once the network configurations on the
computers are completed and the cable
connections are in place you will need to test
and possibly troubleshoot the network.

 First, verify that the computers are properly


connected on the network. Do this by verifying
that you have link lights on each switch port that
is connected to a computer. Link verification will
typically appear as a lit link light.
Ping
 Once you have verified that the networking
devices are physically connected together, use
the ping command to verify that the networking
devices are communicating.

 Ping is a tool within the ICMP (Internet Control


Message Protocol) used to test that a device on
the network is reachable.
Ping command structure
Usage ping[‑t][‑a][‑n count)[‑1 size][‑f ‑i TTL][‑v TOS] [‑r count]
[‑s count][[‑j host‑list] : [‑k host‑list] [‑w timeout] destination‑list
Options
-t Ping the specified host until stopped
To see statistics and continue, type Control-Break
To stop, type Control‑C
‑a Resolve addresses to host‑names
‑n count Number of echo requests to send
‑1 size Send buffer size
-f Set Don't Fragment flag in packet
-i TTL Time To Live
v TOS Type Of Service
r count Record route for count hops
s count Timestamp for count hops
j host‑list Loose source route along host‑list
k host‑list Strict source route along host‑list
w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply
Ping - examples
 ping 10.10.10.1 is used to ping the IP address for computer 1.
The IP address 10.10.10.1 is the destination address.

 Another example would be the ping destination IP address for


computer 3, in this case ping 10.10.10.3 would be used.
Ping - example
ping 10.10.10.2

Pinging 10.10.10.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 10.10.10.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128


Reply from 10.10.10.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 10.10.10.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 10.10.10.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 10.10.10.2:


Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
Ping - example
 The text shows that 32 bytes of data are being
sent to the computer with the IP address of
10.10.10.2.

 The "Reply from 10.10.10.2" indicates that


Computer 2 received the message.

 Specifics on the data packets being sent, the


time, and the TTL are explained in section 1-6.
Ping - Example
If the computer at IP address 10.10.10.2 did not respond then the
following message “Request timed out.” is displayed.

ping 10.10.10.2

Pinging 10.10.10.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.


Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.

Ping statistics for 10.10.10.2:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100%


loss),
Displaying your computer’s IP
Address
 At times you may want to verify the IP address
of the computer you are working on.

 Remember, a method of obtaining the IP


address is to enter the command ipconfig at
the command prompt.

 It is not necessary to include the /all after the


ipconfig command unless you also want the MAC
address information displayed.
ipconfig

Note that the /all is not used to display only the


computer’s IP address
Section 1-7 Key Terms
 Ping
 ICMP

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