EDGE TECHNOLOGY
AN EVOLUTION IN MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
By SREEKANTH.S S6E No.29
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Introduction
Enhanced data for global evolution (EDGE) is a high speed mobile data standard, intended to enable second generation global system for mobile communication (GSM) and time division multiple access(TDMA). Transmits data at up to 384 kilobits per second(Kbps)
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Mobile evolution
In 1st G AMPS (Advanced Mobile system) was developed in U.S in 1983 In 2nd G there was introduction of CDMA,TDMA and GSM Between 2nd and 2.5th G there was introduction of GPRS Between 2.5th and 3rd G there was an introduction to EDGE TECHNOLOGY
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Evolution
1G 2G 2.5G 3G
CDMA
AMPS
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
TDMA
2.5G (Between 2G and 3G)
Introduction of General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) technology. GSM and TDMA were enhanced to packet based networks GPRS is primarily a simple software upgrade on GSM and TDMA Easy for the service providers to update their networks
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2.5G characteristics
Data rates 64 144 Kbps. A leap from 9.6kbps of 2G to 64Kbps Packet based networks. Always-on connectivity. Instant messaging + small attachments. New wireless standards started emerging.
GPRS
Circuit switched GSM network were replaced by Packet based network. GPRS radio resources are used only when users are actually sending or receiving data. Rather than dedicating a radio channel to a mobile data user for a fixed period of time, the available radio resource can be shared between several users. Brings desktop experience to phones such as web browsing and chat. Enables file transfer and home automation.
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CODING SCHEMES
GPRS - 4 coding schemes - CS1 to CS4 Each has different amounts of error correcting coding that is optimized for different radio environments..
Coding Schemes & Data Rates
1 Timeslot CS-1: CS-2: CS-3: CS-4: 8.0 kbit/s 12.0 kbit/s 14.4 kbit/s 20.0 kbit/s 2 Timeslots 16.0 kbit/s 24.0 kbit/s 28.8 kbit/s 40.0 kbit/s 8 Timeslots 64.0 kbit/s 96.0 kbit/s 115.2 kbit/s 160.0 kbit/s
GPRS upgrades GSM data service
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MODULATION TECHNIQUE FOR GPRS
Modulation technique in GPRS Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Every symbol that is transmitted represents one bit; that is, each shift in phase represents one bit
GMSK
Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) 1bit/symbol. Each shift in phase represents one bit
GPRS shortcomings
GPRS packets are sent in all different directions to reach the same destination so the chances for packet getting lost or corrupted during the data transmission over the radio link is high. Though it incorporates data integrity and retransmission strategies, potential transit delays can occur.
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EDGE Evolution
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EDGE Characteristics
EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution. Developed to increase the data rate of GPRS technology. EDGE increases the data rate of GSM from 144 Kbps to 384 Kbps.
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CODING SCHEME FOR EDGE
EDGE 9 coding schemes MCS1 to MCS9 MCS1 to MCS4 use GMSK MCS5 to MCS9 use 8PSK
Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
Can increase the capacity and data throughout typically to 3-4-fold over GPRS Theoretical maximum speeds of up to 473 kilobits per second (kbps)
Phase 1 supports best effort packet data at speeds up to about 384 kbps
TDMA carriers must still convert to GSM, then add GPRS before deploying EDGE technology
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MODULATION TECHNIQUE FOR EDGE
Modulation standard for EDGE : 8-Phase shift Keying (8PSK). 8PSK linear modulation technique three consecutive bits are mapped onto one symbol. The symbol rate remains the same but each symbol represents 3 bits instead of one. Total data rate increases by a factor of three.
8PSK
Octonary phase shift keying (8-PSK) 3 bits/symbol. Three consecutive bits are mapped onto one symbol. 18
16QAM
32QAM
16QAM: 16-level constellation 4 bits/symbol. 32QAM: 32-level constellation 8bits/symbol.
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EDGE modulations
Scheme Modulation Maximum rate [kb/s/ts] MCS-9 MCS-8 MCS-7 MCS-6 MCS-5 MCS-4 MCS-3 MCS-2 MCS-1 GMSK 8PSK 59.2 54.4 44.8 29.6 / 27.2 22.4 17.6 14.8 / 13.6 11.2 8.8
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Technical Advantages of EDGE
Reduced Latency Increased user bit rates Improved spectrum efficiency Boosting service coverage
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Performance of GPRS and EDGE
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Some of the generation mobile phones
2nd generation phones
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Personal Digital Assistants & 2.5 G phones
Wireless via Bluetooth Wireless via GPRS
Internet
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3G phones
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Applications
EDGE enables operators to introduce 3G data applications into existing GSM networks and thereby increase the speed of packet oriented transmission. y Mobile Internet access y Mobile Office y Wireless access to databases
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Application cont
y Electronic commerce: Point of sale Electronic banking Electronic payment Messaging Fleet management Road guide systems
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y y y
Application cont
Reservation system (e.g. hotel, theater, flights, railways) Location based info service. Video telephony.
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TELEMETRIC APPLICATIONS
Beverage or snack machines may be equipped with high speed mobile data devices in order to transmit the remaining level of stock. Thus, timeconsuming and expensive "drive-ins" will only be carried out when necessary. What is more, the customer will always find his/her preferred choice.
Central office server
TOLL ROAD SERVICES
Nowadays, tolls are generally collected in a timeconsuming and, hence, costly fashion. In the future of high speed mobile data, cars may be equipped with a mobile data device and rechargeable electronic cash in order to pay the toll by merely passing through the toll station.
Surveillance Cameras
Another interesting application for high speed mobile data is a webcam-based surveillance of homes or people. For instance, one can keep an eye on the household whilst on vacation or watch the children whilst they are at playschool. The installation of these cameras is simple because they are wireless devices and their operation is even simpler because the network connectivity is provided via the internet.
Conclusion
EDGE paves the way into mobile multimedia applications while offering the maximum investment protection. Supporting same type of services as GPRS but with higher data rates of more than 400 kbps No need for new network elements Low risk of investment, thanks to the dual mode of GSM/EDGE (Slot by slot) Smooth evolution path
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FOR FURTHER INFO
www.gsmworld.com www.ericson.com www.3gpp.com www.wikipedia.org
DOUBTS ???
THANK YOU FOR YOUR PRECIOUS TIME
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