Mini Desktop Robot Arm

With Arduino UNO R3

Controller
Organizer : Kolej Vokasional Kuching
Trainer : Circuit Ideas Resources
Venue : Makmal Komputer
Date : 22 -23 October 2015
 TOPICS
DAY 1
 Arduino Uno hardware description
 Arduino installation and configuration
 Arduino IDE, Sketch
 Digital and analogue input/output
 Constant/variable/functions
 PWM(Pulse width modulation)

DAY 2
 RC Servo
 LCD Shield: Hardware Description
 Keypad
 PC communication with Arduino
DAY 3
 Motor Driver Shield : Hardware Description
 Line Trekking robot
 Wireless Control Shield : Hardware Description
 Android Smartphone with Arduino

DAY 4
 PS2 2.4Ghz Communication with Arduino
 MotoDuino: Hardware Description
(Innovation by Circuit Ideas Resources)
 HANDS ON LABS
 Lab1-ON LED
 Lab 2-LED Blinking
 Lab 3-Buzzer beeping
 Lab 4- LDR Analog read serial
 Lab 5-Smart lamp using LDR
 Lab 6-Read a Switch
 Lab 7-Spinning a Motor
 Lab 8-RC Servo basic
 Lab 9-RC servo with potentiometer
 Lab 10-LCD Shield ‘Hello world’
 Lab 11- Keypad
 Lab 12- PC communication with Arduino
 Lab 13-Line Trekking robot
 Lab 14- Android Communication with Arduino
(using bluetooth communication)
 Lab 15- PS2 2.4GHz to control the robot
 Lab 16- Control Relay and Buzzer
 WHAT IS AN ARDUINO ?
 Arduino is an open-source physical computing
platform designed to make experimenting with
electronics, more fun and intuitive.

 Arduino has its own unique, simplified programming

language, a vast support network, and thousands of
potential uses, making it the perfect platform for both
beginner and advanced DIY enthusiasts.
 THE ARDUINO WAY
The Arduino philosophy is based on making designs
rather than talking about them. It is a constant search
for faster and more powerful ways to build better
prototypes. We have explored many prototyping
techniques and developed ways of thinking with our
hands.
 CO-FOUNDER
 Massimo Banzi is co-founder of Arduino

 Arduinoteam
(David Cuartielles, David Mellis,Gianluca Martino
and Tom Igoe)
 BASIC INPUT AND OUTPUT
a) Digital Input
 This allows us to read the state of simple sensor, like pushbuttons
or switches.

b) Digital Output
 We used it to control an LED but, with the proper circuit it can
be used to control motors, make sounds and a lot more.

c) Analog Input
 We can read signals from sensor that send a continuous signal
that’s not just on or off, such as a potentiometer or light sensor
d)Analog Output
 This gives us the ability to control the brightness of the LED,
not just turn it on or off.
 we can even control the speed of a motor with it.

e)Serial Communication
 This allow us to communicate with a computer and exchange
data or simply monitor what’s going on with the sketch that’s
running on the Arduino
ARDUINO BOARD

 14 Digital I/O pins(pins 0-13)

 6 Analogue In pins (pins 0-5)
 6 Analogue Out pins(3,5,6,9,10,11)
 PWM
ARDUINO PIN DESCRIPTION
 ARDUINO SPECIFICATION
 Arduino- Open source hardware platform.
 Easy to use hardware+software

 Based on ATMEGA328P microcontroller

FEATURES
 Using ATmega16U2 for USB to Serial driver instead of
FTDI chip
 Flash memory 256KB, 8KB used by bootloader

 SRAM 8KB

 EEPROM 4KB

 Clock speed 16MHZ

WHY IS THE NEED OF A
ARDUINO/MICROCONTROLLER?
 Simple electronic system

+ve

Resistor
Push Button

LED

-ve
 ARDUINO MAKES IT
SMARTER
 A system that can receive information (input data) ,
manipulate the data according to preset algorithms
(instructions) and send command (output data) can
be considered as smart.

15
THE SOFTWARE(IDE)-SKETCH
GUI-GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
SKETCH-BASIC
INPUT AND OUTPUT
FUNCTIONS
 Arduino includes functions for handling input and output.
a) pinMode(pin, mode)
 Reconfigures a digital pin to behave either as input or and output.
 Example;
pinMode(7, INPUT); //turns pin 7 into an input
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); //turns pin 8 into an output
b) digitalWrite(pin, value)
 Turns a digital pin either on or off.
 Example;
digitalWrite(8,HIGH); //turns on digital pin 8
digitalWrite(8,LOW); //turns off digital pin 8
 INPUT AND OUTPUT
FUNCTIONS
c) int digitalRead(pin)
 Reads the state of an input pin, returns HIGH if the pin senses
some voltage or LOW if there is no voltage applied
 Example;

val = digitalRead(7); //read pin 7 into val

d) int analogRead(pin)
 Reads the voltage applied to an analog input pin and returns a
number between 0 and 1023 that represents the voltages between
0 and 5V.
 Example;

val = analogRead(0); //read analog input 0 into val

 INPUT AND OUTPUT
FUNCTIONS
e) AnalogWrite(pin, value)
 Changes the PWM rate on one of the pins marked PWM. Pin
may be 11,10,9,6,5,3. value may be a number between 0 and 255
that represents the scale between 0 and 5V output voltage.
 Example;

analogWrite(9, 128); // Dim an LED on pin 9 to 50%.

f) Delay(ms)
 Pauses the program for the amount of miliseconds specified.
 Example;

delay(500); //stops the program for half a second

 ARDUINO SOFTWARE-LAYOUT
Latest software can be downloaded from http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
PORT IDENTIFICATION-
WINDOWS
ARDUINO SOFTWARE-DETAILS

List of driver for arduino board

List of examples

List of bootloader for arduino board.Development purpose

Java properties

Libraries for prebuild functions and etc

References

Arduino exe files. Copy this and paste at desktop as shortcut

Settings and properties for arduino software. Not

accessible
 DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT
What is digital input or digital output?

Ref: allaboutcircuits.com
LAB 1-ON LED
Resistor

LED
 Lab1- ON led

DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT

We begin with assign constant “led” and connect to
digital pin 13

Don’t forget to put

semicolon

data type Constant Pin

number(hardware)

What does these means?

*Note: The programmable LED in

hardwired to pin 13 on the board.
 Lab1- ON led

DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT

Void setup, means there are no return variables in the loop
As you can see, the word
colour change to Blue

Orange color
means the word
is predefined in
the library Next, we create the setup loop.

Format
pinMode(constant name / pin# , behaviour)

What does these means?

In setup loop, normally we put the hardware configuration and assign variables,
input/output pin and etc
 Lab1- ON led

DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT

Void loop is mandatory.
Endless loop. While(1)

Format:
digitalWrite(pin# or constant,behaviour)

Then, we create the main loop. This loop

is mandatory. Inside this loop, we can put
endless loop while(1).

Why digital write?

Digital write means, we set 5V at corresponding pin. Here
the digital pin is #13.
 Lab1- ON led

Overall source code

DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT

Summary:
Now you should know the basic
structure when program the
arduino.

Step 1: //assign any constant here.

Step 2: void setup(){

//your program here
}

Step 3: void loop(){

//your program here
}
Get it? Now let’s download the
source code into your arduino.
 Lab1- ON led
DOWNLOADING….
How to install the driver???
Connect your arduino to the computer
Step 1: Install driver to your PC. USB port…
Open,device manager..To see which
com port of your arduino.

The computer found

the arduino
controller
DOWNLOADING…
Lab1- ON led
.
Choose your correct board..
 Lab1- ON led

DOWNLOADING…. Select Com port

DOWNLOADING…
Lab1- ON led
.
Compile your source code..
Checking the errors..

Click here to download the

code.

Click here to compile your

source code.

If no error, you should get this

notification
LAB 2-LED BLINKING

Resistor

LED
 Lab 2: Blinking LED

NOW, THAT’S THE BASIC..LET’S MOVE

TO THE NEXT LAB..

Add a delay function inside the loop.

Format:
delay(x);
Where x is value in mili
seconds

DONE.. Easy
LAB 3-BUZZER BEEPING

BUZZER

LED
LED AND BUZZER AS OUTPUT
LAB 4-LDR ANALOG READ SERIAL

LED

LDR

Resistor
LDR- LIGHT DEPENDENT
RESISTOR
 LAB 5-SMART LAMP

LED

LDR

Resistor
SMART LAMP/LED
 LAB 6- READ A SWITCH

LED

SWITCH

BUZZER
READ A SWITCH
 LAB 7 – SPINNING A MOTOR
MOTOR 2 MOTOR 1

2A MOTOR SHIELD
SPINNING A MOTOR
 LAB 8 – LINE TREKKING ROBOT
MOTOR 2 MOTOR 1

2A MOTOR SHIELD
LINE TREKKING ROBOT
THANK YOU
KAMALLUDIN BIN MANSOR
GENERAL MANAGER
[email protected]
019-2396672
+603-21410787 (office)
+603- 21410722(fax)