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Gaya pada Benda Elastis dan Modulusnya

Elasticity is the property of a body to resist deformation and recover its original shape after removal of a deforming force. There are three main types of elasticity: 1) Young's modulus measures resistance to changes in length. 2) Shear modulus measures resistance to parallel planes of a solid moving relative to each other. 3) Bulk modulus measures resistance to changes in volume. The elastic modulus is the ratio of stress to strain and quantifies the relationship between an applied force and the resulting deformation. Different moduli values characterize different types of elastic behavior in solids and liquids.

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161 views10 pages

Gaya pada Benda Elastis dan Modulusnya

Elasticity is the property of a body to resist deformation and recover its original shape after removal of a deforming force. There are three main types of elasticity: 1) Young's modulus measures resistance to changes in length. 2) Shear modulus measures resistance to parallel planes of a solid moving relative to each other. 3) Bulk modulus measures resistance to changes in volume. The elastic modulus is the ratio of stress to strain and quantifies the relationship between an applied force and the resulting deformation. Different moduli values characterize different types of elastic behavior in solids and liquids.

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Arjie Recarial
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ELASTICITY

ELASTICITY IS THE PROPERTY OF A BODY WHICH ENABLES IT TO RESIST DEFORMATION AND


TO RECOVER AFTER REMOVAL OF THE DEFORMING FORCE.

Stress
Stress is a quantity that is proportional to the force causing a deformation. It is the force (𝐹) per
unit area (𝐴).

Strain
Strain is a measure of the degree of deformation

∆𝑙 ∆ 𝐴 ∆𝑉
𝜀= 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟
𝐿 𝐴 𝑉
Elastic Modulus
Elastic modulus is the ratio of the stress to the resulting
strain
𝜎
𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 = = 𝐽
𝜀
YOUNG’S MODULUS: ELASTICITY IN LENGTH
YOUNG’S MODULUS MEASURES THE RESISTANCE OF A SOLID TO A CHANGE IN ITS LENGTH.

𝐹
𝜎 𝐴
𝑌= =
Shear Modulus: Elasticity of Shape

𝜀 ∆ 𝐿
Shear modulus measures the resistance to motion of the planes within a solid parallel to each other

𝑥
𝑠h𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛= =𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
𝐿

𝐿
BULK MODULUS: VOLUME ELASTICITY
BULK MODULUS MEASURES THE RESISTANCE OF SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS TO CHANGES IN THEIR
VOLUME.

𝜎 𝑃 𝑃𝑉
𝐵= = =
𝜀 𝜀 ∆𝑉
A STEEL WIRE OF DIAMETER 1 MM CAN SUPPORT A TENSION OF 0.2 KN. DETERMINE THE
DIAMETER OF A STEEL CABLE TO SUPPORT A TENSION OF 20 KN?

Given: 𝜋 2
𝐴 1= (𝑑 1 )
4
𝜋
𝐴 2= ( 𝑑 22 )
4
𝜋 2
( 𝑑 2 )
4 𝐹 2
=
𝐴 1 𝜋 𝐿2 𝐹 1
𝐹 = ( 𝑑 1 )
𝜎
𝐹 𝐴
1 4 𝑌 ∆ 𝐿
= =
𝜀∆ 𝐿 ( 𝑑 22 )
𝐴 2 𝐴 1 𝐹 2
𝐿 = =
𝐹 2 ( 𝑑 1𝐹 2
)1 𝐹 1
𝐹 1 𝐿
𝐴 1= 2
𝑌𝐴∆2𝐿= 𝐹 )
( 𝑑 2 2=
20
2
𝐴 1 (1𝐹 ) 1 0.2
𝐹 2 𝐿
𝐴 2=
𝑌 ∆ 𝐿𝑑 2=10 𝑚𝑚
A RUBBER BAND 20 CM LONG HAS A CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF 4 MM2. WHAT LOAD WILL
STRETCH THE RUBBER BAND 1 MM IF THE MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF RUBBER BAND IS 4 X
10-15 DYNES/CM2?
𝐹
Given: 𝜎 𝐴
𝐸= =
𝜀 ∆ 𝐿
𝐿
𝐹
( 0.04 )
4 𝑥 10− 15 =
( 20 − 1)
20

− 15 20 𝐹
4 𝑥 10 =
19 (0.04 )

−16
𝐹 =1.52 𝑥 10 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒𝑠
A CUBE MADE OF AN UNKNOWN MATERIAL HAS A DIMENSION OF 6 CM ON ALL EDGES. IF
THE UPPER FACE IS DISPLACED LATERALLY BY 0.1 MM BY A FORCE OF 2 X 106 DYNES ACTING
PARALLEL TO THE SURFACE, CALCULATE THE SHEAR MODULUS OF THE MATERIAL.

Given: 𝐹
𝐴 𝐹𝐿
shear   modulus = =
∆𝐿 ∆ 𝐿𝐴
𝐿
6
2 𝑥 10 (6)
shear   modulus=
( 0.001 ) ( 36 )
2
shear   modulus=333333333.3 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒𝑠/ 𝑐 𝑚
11 2
shear   modulus=3.33 33333333 𝑥 10 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒𝑠 / 𝑐 𝑚
IF THE DENSITY OF SEAWATER IS 1.03 G/CM3 AT THE SURFACE, WHAT IS ITS DENSITY AT A
DEPTH WHERE THE PRESSURE IS 109 DYNES/CM2?

Given:

𝑃
h=
𝜌𝑔
10.9
h= =1.08 𝑚𝑚
1020 (9.81 )
THANK YOU 

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