Drug Education and other related

health problems
● DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND EDUCATION
DRUG EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR THE YOUTH IS A SIGNIFICANT UNDERTAKING IN ORDER TO FREE THEM
FROM DANGER AND KEEP THEM AWAY FROM DRUGS. THE YOUTH OF TODAY COMPRISE THE MOST
VULNERABLE GROUP THAN CAN BE AFFECTED BY PROHIBITED DRUGS THAT ARE COMMONLY ABUSED. THEY
ARE PARTICULARLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE DRUG EXPERIENCE BECAUSE ADOLESCENCE IS THE PERIOD
OF EXPERIMENTATION, EXPLORATION, CURIOSITY, AND SEARCH FOR IDENTITY. YOUNG PEOPLE WITH
PROBLEMATIC BACKGROUNDS ARE MORE VULNERABLE AND ARE MORE LIKELY TO CONTINUE ABUSING
DRUGS, ONCE THEY HAVE STARTED, AND TO DEVELOP OTHER AGGRAVATING PROBLEMS, IF NOT PROCESSED.
THESE YOUNG PEOPLE IN DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH POVERTY, FAMILY
DISINTEGRATION, RELOCATION, DISCRIMINATION, AND LACK OF SUITABLE ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITIES. DRUG
ABUSE PREVENTION, DONE THROUGH PROBLEM AWARENESS, EDUCATION AND STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION,
IS VERY VITAL TO THE SUCCESS IN CONTROLLING AND STOPPING DRUG ABUSE. POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR,
INCLUDING THE CONSTRUCTIVE HANDLING OF FEELINGS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, SHOULD BE INSTALLED
AND ENCOURAGED IN OUR OWN FAMILIES DURING THE EARLY LIFE OF YOUNG FAMILY MEMBERS AND
CARRIED ON UP TO THE LATER STAGE OF LIFE. THESE SHOULD BE NURTURED BY A CARING AND
UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY. IT HAS BEEN KNOWN THAT THE FOREMOST REASON WHY OUR YOUTH IS
DRAGGED INTO THE ABYSS OF DRUG ABUSE IS THE LACK OF GUIDANCE FROM THE FAMILY ITSELF.
 DRUG ABUSE EDUCATION AND PREVENTION

 Drug abuse is a problem which adversely affects our most precious resource --- the
Filipino youth. Hence, the Philippine government through the Dangerous Drugs
Board has taken the initiative to prevent this persistent social epidemic that
destroys the lives and aspirations of many young people. Drug overdose is a serious
matter. Unfortunately, many adults and teens suffer from its slings. Usually, drug
overdose is a mask, hiding other problems such as insecurity, self-loathing, sense of
failure, or deep unabiding depression. These problems must also be addressed in
order to prevent the <self-medication= which so many drug addicts do, thus
developing into dangerous overdose.
GENERAL SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE

 1.Abrupt changes in school or work attendance, quality of work,

grades, work output 2. Unusual flare-ups or outbreaks of temper 3.
Withdrawal from responsibility 4. Change in overall attitude 5.
Deterioration of physical appearance and grooming 6. Furtive
behaviour regarding actions 7. Wearing of sunglasses to hide dilated or
constricted pupils 8. Association with drug abusers 9. Unusual
borrowing of money from parents or friends 10. Stealing small items
 DEFINITION OF TERMS ABOUT DRUG
ABUSE

 1.Drug – is any chemical substance which brings about

physiological emotional, or behavioural changes in a person. 2. Drug
abuse – is the use of a chemical substance, licit or illicit which
results in an individual’s physical, mental, emotional, and social
impairment. 3. Drug addiction – a person’s dependence on a drug,
associated with narcotics. Drug addiction is now termed <drug
dependence.
 KINDS OF COMMONLY-ABUSED DRUG
SUBSTANCE
 1.Hallucinogens (also called psychedelic drugs) are drugs capable of provoking changes or cessation of thinking,
self-awareness, and emotion. People under the influence of these seem so distant. They might talk to invisible
people or objects and experience a <bad= or <high trip= feeling. They might act as paranoid and catatonic.
They alternately scream, whisper, cry, or laugh. LSD, marijuana, PCP (angel dust), mescaline, and ecstasy are
the popular hallucinogens. 2. Stimulants (uppers or pep pills) are drugs which increase alertness, reduce hunger,
and provide a feeling of well-being. They stimulate mind, overconfidence, extreme energy, euphoria,
andexcessive talking. They are highly addictive. The most common stimulants are amphetamines, cocaine,
and CAT or (metcathinone). 3. Depressants (downers) are drugs which decrease or depress body functions and
nerve activity. They are also known as tranquilizers which keep people from having panic attacks, anxiety and
insomnia. Barbiturates, methaqualine, valium, and halycon are among the commonly-used depressants. 4.
Narcotics are drugs which produce insensitivity, stupor, melancholy, or dullness of mind with delusions. These
are the most deadly drugs of all. They are highly addictive and dangerous to the body. Opium, heroin, codein, and
morphine are the most popular narcotics. 5. Volatile solvents or inhalants are chemicals that, when sniffed or
inhaled, can produce intoxication, excitement, dulling of the brain, and irrational behaviour. Chemical inhalants
include rugby, gasoline, paint kerosene, airplane glue, nail polish, acetoneand lighter fluid.
 WHY DO PEOPLE TURN TO DRUGS

 Teenagers resort to drugs for a variety of reasons: 1. For curiosity,

due to misinformation and for the sake of <experience=; 2.
<pakikisama= so as to be accepted by the <barkada=; 3. To have a
feeling of security; 4. For relief from problems ---personal, family,
school, work, and others and 5. To escape boredom and other
problems.
 COMMUNITY LEADERS’ ADVOCACY TO
PREVENT DRUG ABUSE
 1. Plan and implement social action programs involving young people, civic groups,
professionals, and religious organizations to improve life in the community. The
following activities must be implemented in the community: a. Parent Education
Programs b. Recreational, Social and Sports Programs c. Vocational/Skills Development
and Training Programs d. Youth Development Programs e. Seminars on Drug Education
2. Participate and assist in the implementation of RA 6425 also known as the Dangerous
Drug Act of 1972 by: a. Motivating known drug abusers to undergo treatment and
rehabilitation b. Reporting drug pushers, drug den maintainers, and drug traffickers to the
law enforcement agencies or authorities c. Encouraging and supporting the establishment
of community guidance clinics for drug users; d. Helping after-care rehabilitated clients to
be accepted back to their community and involving them in meaningful and productive
activities; and e. Helping discharged clients strengthen their moral and spiritual values.
 WHAT SHOULD THE LTS students and parents do
to help prevent drug abuse?

 WHAT SHOULD THE LTS students and parents do to help prevent drug abuse?
The LTS students can help parents in the following aspects: 1.Create a warm and
friendly atmosphere in the home. 2. Assist parents in developing effective means of
communication with their children, and for the children to be open and honest to
their parents. 3. Help parents learn how to understand and accept the opinions of
their children. 4. Assist parents on how to listen and respect the opinions of their
children. 5. Motivate parents to develop strategies on how to be with their children
in spite of their being busy. 6. Educate parents on how to strengthen the moral and
spiritual values of their children. 7. Assist parents on how to teach responsibility to
their children by giving duties commensurate to their age.
 Disaster risk reduction (DRR) & Climate Change
Adaptation (CCA)

 Disaster Risk Reduction is a core element of disaster management, and includes

prevention, mitigation and preparedness. For development activities to be
sustainable, communities must understand the hazards around them and learn how
to reduce their disaster risk. World Vision encourages the building of disaster
resilient communities by improving our capacity to deliver DRR and Climate
Change Adaptation (CCA) programmes across the countries where we work as well
as participating in external and internal networks at all levels to share good
practices, and coordinate and collaborate effectively to strengthen the resilience of
those we serve.
 CLIMATE CHANGE

 Climate change is defined as change in global or regional climate patterns, which may includeincreases and
decreasesin temperature as well as changes in severe weather events. These changes in severe weather may
increase both the frequency and intensity of disasters and the likelihood of mega disasters. Climate change
will likely affect most severe.. Disaster preparedness.
 Children’s education is often one of the first activities abandoned when disasters occur, yet it can play a critical role in
building the resilience of children and their communities. Education is therefore a key focus for our disaster
preparedness and DRR work.

 We currently run a Safe Schools Global Programme in 31 disaster-prone countries across the world. Our programmes
work to ensure that schools are safely built and children are educated about how they can prepare for disasters and
reduce the risks. Disaster Risk Reduction, an international agreement signed by governments which aims to reduce
disaster risk and losses over the next 15 years. We are holding governments accountable for upholding their
commitments to engage with children in DRR and have developed a child-friendly guide to the agreement.
 DRRM Act of 2010 – RA 10121)
and its IRR

 Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 10121

 IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10121, ALSO KNOWN AS “AN
ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND
MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
 ● DRRM terms and concepts
● Four Thematic Areas
● Hazard profile of the Philippines
 JUGAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SY: 2021-2022 CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID19

BACKGROUND
MAP OF YOUR BARANGAY OR MUNICIPALITY

The Municipality of CONSOLACION DISTRICT 2 AND BARANGAY JUGAN is being headed by RAUL
A.JUMAO-AS (PSDS/) MA. TERESITA F. ALIN ( School Head) comprising of 9 of barangay Districts II, covering
a total of 9 schools. The total population of Baranggay Jugan are 9,887 (7.52) is ( 58 Personnel and 2,100
Learners). We face the challenges of this pandemic with the following components of the Contingency Plans:

I. OBJECTIVES
This is the DepEd Contingency Plan
1. To strengthen the prevention and preparedness for the safety of Deped personnel and learners from the COVID19
pa
2. Plan for the interventions and respond mechanism for this pandemic
 CONTINUATION

 This document was developed by the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Service (DRRMS), Disaster Management
Group members of the Central Office, Regional and Division DRRM Coordinators of the affected and assisting regions.

 This Contingency Plan aims to:

 1. Align with the Harmonized National Contingency Plan for the COVID19 PANDEMIC.
 of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC).
 2. Establish the coordination and communication mechanisms among the central office and the affected and assisting regions
 3. Set the response and rehabilitation or early recovery roles and functions of the DepEd Central Office and the affected and
assisting regions for purposes of education continuity.
 4. Provide guidance for the continuing capacity building of DepEd offices and schools.
 5. Determine the preparedness and prevention and mitigation measures to reduce the impacts of the hazard (COVID19
Pandemic).
 6. Support the identification of needed equipment and supplies to reduce the impacts of the hazard (COVID19 Pandemic).
HAZARD MAP
Distinguished Hazardous Areas in Hazard Map
Legend: : classrooms which made of light materials and corroded metals in Marco’s type
classrooms.
Building 2: Building 7: Building 9:

Building 6: Building 8: Building 13 :

 hydrometeorological hazards
 When you look up the definition of hydrometeorological hazards you will find: “Process or
phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life,
injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or environmental damage”.

 The hazards you can think of are tropical cyclones (typhoons and hurricanes), thunderstorms,
hailstorms, tornados, blizzards, heavy snowfall, avalanches, coastal storm surges, floods
including flash floods, drought, heatwaves and cold spells.
- Geological Hazards

 A geologic hazard or geohazard is an adverse geologic condition capable of

causing widespread damage or loss of property and life.[1] These hazards are
geological and environmental conditions and involve long-term or short-term
geological processes. Geohazards can be relatively small features, but they
can also attain huge dimensions (e.g., submarine or surface landslide) and
affect local and regional socio-economics to a large extent
 Anthropogenic hazards

 Anthropogenic hazards are hazards caused by human action or inaction. They are
contrasted with natural hazards. Anthropogenic hazards may adversely affect
humans, other organisms, biomes, and ecosystems. They can even cause an
omnicide. The frequency and severity of hazards are key elements in some risk
analysis methodologies. Hazards may also be described in relation to the impact
that they have. A hazard only exists if there is a pathway to exposure. As an
example, the center of the earth consists of molten material at very high
temperatures which would be a severe hazard if contact was made with the core.
However, there is no feasible way of making contact with the core, therefore the
center of the earth currently poses no hazard.
 HIV integration

 AIDS ("acquired immune deficiency syndrome") is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Individuals with HIV have what is referred to as a "HIV infection". When infected semen, vaginal
secretions, or blood come in contact with the mucous membranes or broken skin of an uninfected person,
HIV may be transferred to the uninfected person ("horizontal transfer"), causing another infection.
Additionally, HIV can also be passed from infected pregnant women to their uninfected baby during
pregnancy and/or delivery ("vertical transmission"), or via breastfeeding. As a result of HIV infection, a
portion of these individuals will progress and go on to develop clinically significant AIDS.

 HIV is a retrovirus, which comprise a large and diverse family of RNA viruses that make a DNA copy of
their RNA genome after infection of a host cell. An essential step in the replication cycle of HIV-1 and other
retroviruses is the integration of this viral DNA into the host DNA. The RNA genome of progeny virions and
the template for translation of viral proteins are made when the integrated viral DNA is transcribed.
 Background Information: HIV

 1. Amino (N)-terminal domain: Sometimes referred to as a "zinc finger", the N-terminal domain is composed of the conserved HHCC, His, and Cys
residues, a motif that serves to bind zinc. The function of the N-terminal domain is not completely clear, but is thought to assist the integrase in forming
multimers (fixed agglomerations of multiple integrase molecules).
 2. The central catalytic domain (or "catalytic core"): The catalytic core encompasses the DDE catalytic triad of amino acids, or acid residues, that manage
binding with a divalent metal (usually Mg2+ or Mn2−), forming the active catalytic site. In the case of HIV-1 integrase, the residues are Asp64, Asp116,
and Glu152. This domain is also well conserved during evolution.
 The HIV-1 catalytic domain appears dimeric in solution and in crystal structures. The vast surface area of the dimer interface indicates that it is
biologically significant. The insertion sites on each strand of target DNA are separated by 5 base pairs, which parallel to approximately 15 Å for helical B-
form DNA, implying that the catalytic domain (or the functional unit) of integrase should contain a pair of active sites separated by a like spacing. This
said, the spacing among the active sites in the virtually spherical dimer is, however, apparently not very well-matched with the spacing among the
insertion sites on the two strands of target DNA, as examination of crystal structures appears to reveal that the active sites in the dimers are separated by
more than 30 Å when measured in a straight line through the proteins, and by an even greater distance when measured around the circumference of the
dimer. Under the assumption that the dimer interface is preserved in the functional integrase multimer, at minimum a tetramer of integrase must be
required for the complete integration reaction to proceed.[citation needed]
 3. The Carboxy (C)- terminal domain : The C-terminal domain non-specifically binds DNA. Since the sites of integration into the target DNA are
relatively non-specific, it is thought that this domain may work together in some fashion with the target DNA. Information retrieved from experiments
with chimeric integrases show that recognition of the target site is controlled by the core domain. Cross-linking studies also suggest that the C-terminal
domain works together with a subterminal region just inside the very ends of the viral DNA.
 What Is HIV? Understanding Causes,
Symptoms, Treatments
 Human immunodeficiency virus, more commonly known as HIV, is a virus that, without treatment, leads to
deterioration of your body’s immune system to a point where your body has trouble fighting off mild infections.
When your immune system has become severely damaged after a prolonged period with HIV, it’s known as
acquired immune deficiency syndrome or AIDS.

 HIV is a bloodborne retrovirus that infects specific cells in the human immune system called CD4 T cells. CD4 cells
normally play an important role in your immune system. They’re responsible for detecting harmful pathogens like
bacteria and viruses so your body can begin fighting off those pathogens.

 There’s no cure for HIV, and once you contract it, the virus will remain in your body for life. Over time, if left
untreated, HIV can progressively damage your immune system to a point where you become susceptible to AIDS-
defining illnesses — infections and conditions that wouldn’t normally make you sick if your immune system was
functioning properly.
Symptoms, Causes and Risk Factors of HIV

Many
 people have no symptoms at all after initially
becoming infected with HIV. However, most people do
experience some non-specific symptoms within the first
few weeks after infection. This means the symptoms are
typical of many illnesses and don’t immediately point to
one specific condition as their cause. For HIV, non-
specific symptoms include:
 Diagnosing HIV

 Diagnosing HIV
 HIV is usually diagnosed via a blood test. The most accurate and reliable test is known as a fourth-generation test. It
checks for both a specific part of the HIV viral structure (called the p24 antigen) and your own body’s response to the
infection (HIV antibodies).
 Point-of-care tests are also available, and they differ from fourth-generation tests. These take a small sample of saliva
or blood and provide a result in less than an hour. However, these are less sensitive and may not pick up all cases of
HIV due to the smaller concentration of antibodies in the saliva or small blood sample. You should always follow up a
point-of-care result with a confirmatory laboratory test. There are also self-sampling and home-testing kits available.
 Any positive result is usually repeated to check it wasn’t a rare false-positive. If you’re diagnosed with HIV, you’ll be
referred to a specialist HIV center to discuss treatment right away.
 HIV has a window period, meaning it can take a certain length of time for a test to be able to detect the virus in your
body. Many newer tests can determine results in 99% of people 45 days following their potential exposure. If you
think you might have been exposed to HIV, it may not show up in a blood test for 45 days. Point-of-care testing and at-
home testing can have an even longer window period, sometimes lasting up to 12 weeks
 Symptoms, Causes and Risk Factors of HIV

 After this initial illness, which is known as “seroconversion,” most people live for many years without any symptoms until
the virus has harmed their immune system to a point where they start to become significantly more vulnerable to infections
and illnesses.

 HIV is present in the blood, pre-ejaculatory fluid, semen, vaginal fluid, rectal fluid, and breast milk of people with the
virus. HIV can be transmitted by:

 Sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex, and through the sharing of sex toys
 Sharing of needles, which most commonly occurs in groups of people who are using intravenous drugs
 Receiving a blood transfusion from an infected individual; this rarely occurs in developed countries, as donor blood is
usually screened for blood-borne viruses such as HIV
 Childbirth; HIV can be passed from the pregnant parent to the child during pregnancy or childbirth
 Breastfeeding; HIV exists in breast milk and can be passed on to a child
 Symptoms, Causes and Risk Factors of HIV

 In rare cases, HIV can also be spread by:

 Ingesting pre-chewed food from someone who has the virus; this is a common practice in some underdeveloped countries and is generally
done to feed small children or elderly people
 Being bitten by someone or biting someone who has HIV
 Kissing, if there is bleeding within the mouth
 Undergoing body-modification procedures such as tattoos or piercings if tools are not properly sterilized between clients
 The vast majority of cases of HIV in the United States are acquired via sexual contact. HIV cannot be spread by:
 Air
 Water
 Insect bites
 Saliva
 Sweat
 Tears
 Casual contact such as shaking hands or hugging