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Electric Charge and Current

1. The document describes electric charge and current. It discusses how charge is related to current and defines both terms. 2. Current is defined as the ratio of the quantity of charge (Q) and time (t). It is measured in Amperes (A). 3. Charge (Q) is measured in Coulombs (C) and is the fundamental property of particles that allows them to attract or repel each other in an electric field.

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207 views33 pages

Electric Charge and Current

1. The document describes electric charge and current. It discusses how charge is related to current and defines both terms. 2. Current is defined as the ratio of the quantity of charge (Q) and time (t). It is measured in Amperes (A). 3. Charge (Q) is measured in Coulombs (C) and is the fundamental property of particles that allows them to attract or repel each other in an electric field.

Uploaded by

hasmin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELECTRIC CHARGE AND

CURRENT
Objectives:
At the end of 60 minutes, 100% of the
learners are expected to:
1. describe current and charge
2. determine the relationship between
charge and current.
Activity 
1. What happened to the strips of paper
when the rubbed balloon is drawn near to
the strips of paper?

2. What do you think is the reason why


this happened?
Rubbing the materials (balloon/comb) on your
hair moved electrons from your hair to the comb.
The comb had a negative static charge. The
neutrally charged strips of paper were attracted
to it. When they touched, electrons slowly moved
from the comb to the strips of paper and both
have negative charge and the paper is now
repelled.
1. What is the video about?
2. What is electric current?
3. Are current and charge
related?
 The video is about the 3 important
concepts in electricity: Charge, current,
and voltage.
 Electric current is the ratio of the
quantity of charge and time.
 Current and charge are related.
Activity : Current and Charge
 What is charge?
The charge is the fundamental property of particles (ion, atom and molecules) which allows them
to attract and repulse with each other when it is placed in an electrical field.

 What are the 3 types of charges?


The charge on the particles is of three types positive, negative and neutral.

 Give the unit for charge.


The charge is measured in coulombs.
a. I=0.4 A
Q= ______
t= 20 s

Q=Ixt
= 0.4 A x 20 s
=8C
b. I = _____
Q = 240 C
t = 300 s

I=Q
t
= 240 C
300 s
= 0.8 A
c
. I = 0.9A
Q = 400 C
t = ________

t=Q
I
= 400 C
0.9 A
= 444.4 s
a. If there is a current of 10 A in a circuit for 10 minutes,
what quantity of electric charge flows in through a circuit?

Q=Ixt
= 10 A x 600 s
= 6,000 C
How much current must there be in a circuit if 100 C
flow past a point in the circuit in 4 seconds?

I=C
s

= 100 C
4s

= 25 A
 c. How long can a flashlight run for if it draws 0.11 A and
its battery contains 10C of charge?

t = Q
I
= 10 C
0.11 A

= 90.90 s
d. An iPod runs for 8 hours while drawing 0.05 A of
current. How many coulombs of charge does the iPod
contain?

Q =Ixt
= 0.05 A x 28,800 s
= 1,440 C
What is the relationship between current and
charge?

How can we increase the current running in a


circuit?
The current in a circuit can be determined if the
quantity of charge Q passing through a cross section
of a wire in a time t can be measured.
 What is current?
 How can we calculate the current from the
charge flowing in a given time?
 What is the relationship between charge and
current?
 Electric current (or simply current) is a measure of the number of
electrical charges passing through a cross-section of a conductor in
a given time.

 The current is simply the ratio of the quantity of charge and time

 Current (I) = charge (Q)


time (t)

I (A) = 𝑄 (𝑖𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑠,𝐶)


𝑡 (𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠,𝑠)
PROBLEMS:
 1. A charge of 12C passes through the filament of a car
headlamp bulb in 4s. What is the current?
(Answer: 12C/4s = 3A)
 2. A current of 0.5A flows for 20 s through a small electric
motor. How much charge has passed?
(Answer: 0.5 A x 20s = 10 C)
 3. A current of 200 mA flows for 2 minutes. How much
charge has passed?
(Answer: 0.200 A x 120s = 24C)
Complete the table 
How current and charge related ?
 Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter
consists, measured in coulombs (C).
 The movement of this charge around a circuit is called electric current, or
simply current.
 Current
 The current is is measured in Amperes (A).simply the ratio of the quantity
of charge and time.
 I (A) = Q (in Coulumbs,C)t (in seconds,s)

 1C= 6.3 X 10 18 electrons


 The current and charge both are interrelated to each other. The static
particle has charge and the movement of charges is known as the current.
Short quiz 
On your ¼ sheet of paper
choose the correct answer .
1. What is the unit of charge?
A. Second C. Coulomb
B. Joule D. Newton

2. A current of 2A flows for 20 seconds through a lamp.


How much charge has moved?
A. 10 C C. 2.2 C
B. 40 C D. 202 C
3. If current through a flashlight bulb is 0.3A, how many
electrons will pass at
any point in the flashlight circuit every second? (1C= 6.3
X 1018 electrons)
A. 2 x 1018 electrons/second
B. 0.3 x 1018 electrons/second
C. 1.89 x 1018 electrons/second
D. 6.3 X 1018 electrons/second
4.The following describes electric current EXCEPT
_____.
A. It is measured in Amperes.
B. It is the amount of charge moving across a point in a
conductor per unit time.
C. It is determined by the number of protons that passes
through the circuit.
D. It can be calculated by the formula, 𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
(𝑄)/𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑡)
5. How are current and charge related?
A. Current is also referred as electric charge.
B. Charge is equal to the amount of current.
C. Current can be determined by the amount of charge in
a conductor per second.
D. Charge can be obtained by the amount of electric
current.
 The movement of charge along a conductive path is
called current. When we measure current, we are
measuring how much charge is passing a certain point
each second. Using the symbol I for _______________,
Q for _______________and t for time, the mathematical
model for current is I=Q/t.
Charge, Q, is measured in _____________________
Time, t, is measured in _______________________
Current is measured in _______________________, or
more commonly, ________
Thank you 

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