Chapter2 Volte Architecture
Chapter2 Volte Architecture
Technology Company
840+ Employee 2GServices
StrengthComprising of 85%+ highly
Engineering
Subject Matter Experts & Telecommunication Professionals. 3GProducts
educated and skilledWireless
task force
4G
Technology
Support
Delivered over $300+MUSD Services
6.5M+ 1.55M
Man hours of Sites Delivered
Design & Optimization
SERVICES
SOLUTION
BOSS
Core 2G/3G
DRA PCC EPC IMS HSS
Network MSC
NMS
IP bearer
eNodeB BTS/BSC
Access LTE 2G OMC
Termin VoLTE UE
al
VoLTE major functionalities have been developed:
• Network attach, IMS registration, HD voice & video call
• Mobility management, including eSRVCC
• IPv6 supported
• Policy Charging Control…
IMS-based Voice Services
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• A default bearer is set up for IMS signaling streams when the UE attaches to the network.
• After the UE initiates a call, SIP signaling streams for call connection is transmitted over the default bearer through the P-GW to the
IMS Core.
• A dedicated bearer for IMS voice media streams is set up during call connection.
• Voice media streams of the calling and called parties are transmitted over the dedicated bearer.
• The PCRF assigns and delivers QoS rules for signaling and media streams during the setup of default and dedicated bearers. This
ensures quality of signaling and media streams.
VoLTE Network Architecture
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IP Multimedia Networks
Legacy mobile LCS
CS Network signalling Networks Client
Mm Ma Le
Mb Mb CS AS
BGCF I-CSCF
Sh
CS Mg Mk Cx C, D, LRF
Mk Gc, Gr
Mw
HSS Mm
Mj BGCF Ml
Mi Cx
TrGW
Izi
UE
Ut
Operation Support Layer and Service Layer
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Service layer
Service layer
•Functions: This layer consists of different application servers and
ATS resource servers to provide services, such as instant messaging,
(MMtel AS/SCC AS/IP-
SM-GW/IM-SSF/Anchor
conferences, games, as well as service capabilities, such as group and
AS)
media resource capabilities.
•NEs: ATS and RCS
Core Layer
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•IMS domain: NEs in the IMS domain implement such functions for LTE
subscribers as registration, authentication, session path control, service
trigger, route selection, resource control, inter-domain interworking, and
access resource control.
•CS domain: NEs in the CS domain implement such functions for LTE
subscribers as mobility management and voice services, including
handovers and CSFB.
• Terminal layer
• LTE terminals are classified into VoLTE terminals and non-VoLTE terminals.
Terminal layer VoLTE terminals are those that rely on an IMS or LTE network to use voice services.
They include Single Radio terminals, LTE data cards, and CPEs.
Non-VoLTE terminals are those that rely on a CS network to use voice services and
that connect to an LTE network to use data services.
They include Dual Radio and CSFB terminals.
• Types: Single Radio terminals (SRVCC terminals), LTE data cards, CPEs, Dual Radio terminals (SVLTE terminals), and CSFB terminals
NEs at the Operation Support Layer
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NE Name Function
Provides a unified service provisioning interface and the web portal and sends the service
SPG provisioning commands received from the BSS to the HSS, ENUM, and AS.
Collects ACR messages from IMS charging NEs, such as the CSCF, ATS, and MGCF,
CCF processes the ARC messages to generate CDRs, and sends the CDRs to a BC specified
by carriers.
NE Name Function
• MMTel AS: provides basic and supplementary multimedia telephony services.
• SCC AS: interworks with the SRVCC IWF and ATCF/ATGW to
provide the eSRVCC function, and provides the T-ADS function to select a domain for
the called party.
• IP-SM-GW: provides short message interworking between IMS and CS domains.
Common • IM-SSF: triggers IN services in the CS domain based on the subscription
telephony information provided by the S-CSCF and the local configuration on the IM-SSF.
application • Anchor AS: Routes VoLTE subscribers' calls to the IMS
server (ATS) domain to trigger convergent services by IN-based number redirection of the
anchor AS, when the VoLTE subscribers
ATS
(MMTel + SCC AS + IP-SM-GW
+ IM-SSF + anchor AS)
IMS network
The service centralization and continuity application server (SCC AS) implements handovers in the IMS domain and
updates the media information about the remote UE.
SCC AS
ISC
IMS Core
eMSC server
CS EPC
(SRVCC IWF)
T-ADS
•As defined in 3GPP specifications, domain selection by the network is implemented by the terminating access domain selection (T-
ADS).
•The T-ADS function is integrated with the SCC AS. The SCC AS queries the convergent HLR/HSS for the UE type and access
domain information and implements domain selection based on the carrier policies. Based on the T- ADS information, the SCC AS
determines whether the current call is routed to the IMS or CS network.
NEs at the Service Layer - IP-SM-GW (ATS)
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• The IP short message gateway (IP-SM- GW) provides short message interworking between IMS and CS domains.
OCS CGF/CDF
Ro Rf
2 Translates
•SMS-GMSC/ instant messages
Sh to short messages.
•SMS-IWMSC E/Gd IP-SM-GW HSS
ISC
• AS
IMS
IMS Anchor AS
Anchor AS
CS MSC server
CS MSC server
LTE
NE Name Function
Controls subscriber roaming and stores the following information about a subscriber in the IMS network: subscriber IDs,
IMS-HSS (FE) authentication data, service data, access parameters, service trigger information, and roaming information.
Stores service-related data of subscribers, manages subscription information and
Stores subscriber data and implements the functions of adding, deleting, updating, and querying data at the request of the
USCDB (BE)
FE.
DNS/ENUM Implements functions provided by the DNS and the ENUM server.
eMSC
Combines the following NEs:
server (SRVCC
•SRVCC IWF: provides eSRVCC to ensure call continuity when terminals move from an LTE network to a 2G/3G network.
IWF/CSFB
•CSFB proxy: moves LTE subscribers to a CS domain to provide voice services for them.
proxy)
Realizes interworking between an IMS network and a PSTN or PLMN network. If fixed network optimization is required or
the live network provides a lot of fixed network services, the UGC3200 is used as the MGCF. In other scenarios, the
MGCF MSOFTX3000 is used as the MGCF.
NEs at the Core Layer
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NE Name Function
MRFP Provides resources for announcement playing and digit collection, voice conferences, SD video conferences.
Combines the following NEs to provide call control, service triggering, and routing functions:
•I-CSCF: As the entrance to the IMS home network, the I-CSCF assigns or queries
the HSS to select an appropriate S-CSCF to serve subscribers.
•S-CSCF: The S-CSCF is located on the home network as the central IMS node. It implements subscription,
I-CSCF/S-
authentication, session, routes, and service triggering.
CSCF/BGCF
•BGCF: The BGCF is located on the home network to select an MGCF for calls
/MRFC
between an IMS network and a PSTN or PLMN network. It is integrated into the S- CSCF to reduce the need for
standalone BGCFs. Therefore, call connection delay is shorten and the reliability is enhanced.
•MRFC: The MRFC controls the MRFP to play announcements and collect digits,
and provide resources for voice conferences and SD video conferences.
NEs at the Core Layer
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NE Name Function
• P-CSCF: located on the visited network as the first contact point for subscribers within an IMS domain. The P-
CSCF forwards SIP signaling between SIP subscribers and their home networks.
• SBC: provides the core border gateway function (C-BGF) and interconnection border gateway function (I-
P- CSCF/SBC/ATC BGF). The C-BGF is deployed at the edge of an access network to provide attack protection and NAT
F/ATGW traversal. The I-BGF provides media channels for an IMS network to interwork with other networks that use
SIP or H.323 signaling.
• ATCF/ATGW: located between the P-CSCF and I-CSCF/S-CSCF and interworks with the SCC AS to provide
eSRVCC.
MGW/IM-MGW Provides audio media channels for interworking between an IMS network and a
NEs at the Core Layer - SRVCC IWF
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• The SRVCC IWF ensures call continuity when terminals move from an LTE network to a 2G/3G network. When receiving the
location update request from a UE, the SRVCC IWF changes the UE access location from the MME to the MSC server based on the
target cell ID contained in the location update request.
SCC AS
IMS Core
eMSC server
CS Sv EPC
(SRVCC IWF)
Handover request
NEs at the Core Layer - ATCF/ATGW
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• The ATCF/ATGW is located between the P-CSCF and I-CSCF/S-CSCF and interworks with the SCC AS to provide eSRVCC.
Handover
ATCF
LTE
PS ATGW SBC
NE Name Function
eMSC server Helps ICS subscribers in a CS domain to register with an IMS domain and provides basic and
(mAGCF) supplementary services for them.
•S-GW in an EPC domain: serves as an anchor point for the user plane between access networks in
3GPP. The S-GW is used as an interface to screen different access networks in 3GPP.
•P-GW in an EPC domain: serves as an anchor point between a 3GPP access network and non-
S-GW/P-GW 3GPP access network. It provides an interface for interworking between a 3GPP access network and
external PDN.
Implements mobility management for LTE subscribers, including subscriber context and mobility
MME status management, and temporary identity distribution.
IMS CORE Architecture
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Home Subscriber
Server(HSS)
Application
P-CSCF I-CSCF S-CSCF
Server
Media
Gateway
MobileComm Advantage
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Innovative
Knowledge Global
Suite of Tools
In Depth Technology Multiple Geographical
for Performance
expertise area presence
Engineering
DELIVERY MODEL
Scope Of Work Based Time & Material Turnkey Staffing Model BPO Partnership Based
Mutual Solution Development
Contacts
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