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03-Databases MDB2023

This document provides an overview of relational and non-relational databases. It discusses how relational database management systems allow tabular data to be stored and queried using SQL. Non-relational databases like NoSQL and graph databases are useful for unstructured data like tweets. The document demonstrates concepts like JSON data format, example banking marketing data tables, entity-relationship diagrams, and performing joins and aggregations across tables in SQL queries.

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Gargi Jana
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58 views

03-Databases MDB2023

This document provides an overview of relational and non-relational databases. It discusses how relational database management systems allow tabular data to be stored and queried using SQL. Non-relational databases like NoSQL and graph databases are useful for unstructured data like tweets. The document demonstrates concepts like JSON data format, example banking marketing data tables, entity-relationship diagrams, and performing joins and aggregations across tables in SQL queries.

Uploaded by

Gargi Jana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOUNDATIONS OF DIGITAL BUSINESS:

DATABASES
Shankar Venkatagiri

January 2023
Overview

• Relational databases • Querying with SQL


• Unstructured data • Demo
Databases

• Database software platforms allow users to


store and manage data
– And issue queries!
• Tabular data is the focus of relational database
management systems (RDBMS)
– MySQL and Hive are open source
– Oracle, SQLServer, DB2, …
Unstructured

• Not all data is amenable


to RDBMS storage
– E.g. Tweets
• NoSQL systems
– MongoDB – open source
– Aerospike, Couchbase, …
• Graph DBs
– Neo4J, Amazon Neptune
JSON

• Javascript Online Notation


– Key-value pairs

{“created”: ”Sep 30, 2018 21:29:00”,   


 “screenname”:”ArtsandClouds”, 
 “text”:”Now this is really funny...”, 
  “entities”:
{“hashtags”:[“AI”,  
              “ArtificialIntelligence”, 
              “BigBrotherIsWatching”, 
              “BigData”, ...],
“image”: ... }
BankMarketing

job   education   month  


admin. 1 jan 1
primary 1
blue-collar 2 feb 2
entrepreneur 3 secondary 2 mar 3
housemaid 4 tertiary 3 apr 4
management 5 unknown 4 may 5
retired 6 jun 6
self-employed 7 jul 7
services 8 aug 8
student 9 marital   sep 9
technician 10 divorced 1 oct 10
unemployed 11 married 2 nov 11
unknown 12 dec 12
single 3
E-R job
id type
job format 1 admin.
id int 2 blue-collar
bank_calls format
type varchar(25) 3 entrepreneur
id int
… …
age int month
12 unknown
job_id varchar(25) marital format
id type
marital_id int id int marital 1 jan
education_id int status varchar(10) id type 2 feb
… 1 divorced 3 mar
balance int 2 married … …
education format
… 3 single 12 dec
id int
month_id int
level varchar(10)
education
y varchar(1) id type
month format
1 primary
id int
2 secondary
name varchar(10)
3 tertiary
4 unknown
SQL

• SQL – Structured Query Language


– Simple way to interact with an RDBMS
• One language, multiple purposes
• Define - create/alter/drop table
• Control - grant/revoke privilege
• Manipulate - insert/update/delete row
• Query - select
Query

• SELECT <<columns>> 
• FROM <<tables>> 
• WHERE <<conditions>> 
• GROUP BY <<columns>> 
• ORDER BY <<columns>> DESC/ASC
Demo

• BankMarketing example
– Created a database named bank_marketing
– Tables: calls,job,marital,education,…
Type in a
SQL query

• We use a tool called MySQL Workbench


– Product of Oracle Corporation
– Allows users to interact intuitively with DB
Model

• Can reverse-engineer the E-R diagram


Join

• To answer business questions, we must often


join multiple tables
– With real business data, queries can get slow
Scale

• Spreadsheet-like operations
– Pivot table aggregation
Thank You!

Indian Institute of Management Bangalore


Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore – 560 076, INDIA

www.iimb.ernet.in

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