Swings

G A N E S H PA I
A S S T. P R O F E S S O R G D I I I
D E PA RT M E N T O F C S E
N M A M I T, N I T T E
Textbook
 Click to edit Master text styles
 Second level
 Third level
◦ Fourth level
◦ Fifth level

Swings GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 2

Overview of topics
Swings Introduction Swing Components
 Introduction  JLabel & ImageIcon
 2 Key Features  JTextField
 MVC Connection  The Swing Buttons
 JButton, JToggleButton, JCheckBox,
 Component & Containers
JRadioButton
 Swing Packages
 JTabbedPane
 Simple Swing Application
 JScrollPane
 Event Handling in Swings
 JList
 Simple Swing Applet
 JComboBox
 JTable

Swings GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 3

Swings  What are Swings?
 Swings are a set of packages that provide tools to build GUI
Introduction applications
2 Key Features  Swings are extension of AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit)
introduced by Sun Micro Systems
MVC Connection

Component & Containers  AWT are earliest version of Java GUI

Swing Packages
 Eg: Frame, Button, CheckBox, RadioButton
Simple Swing Application  AWT contains heavy weight OS dependent components
Event Handling in Swings  JFC (Java Foundation Classes) was developed in 1997 with JDK 1.2
Simple Swing Applet was later named as SWING
 Eg: JFrame, JButton, JCheckBox, JRadioButton
 Swing components are lightweight and native OS API independent
 Swing API controls are rendered mostly using pure JAVA code
instead of underlying operating system calls
 Hence faster with less memory.
Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 4
GUI Components
Label Button Checkbox

ComboBox Scrollbar

Text Area
TextField List

Button

Radio Button Radio Button Group

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 5
Swing and AWT (contd…)
 Swing built “on top of” AWT is bigger, faster, more flexible and better looking
 Basic controls are practically the same in both
 AWT: Button b = new Button ("OK");
 Swing: JButton b = new JButton("OK");

 Swing gives far more options for everything (buttons with pictures on them, etc.)

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 6

Swing and threads
 A thread is a lightweight process
 Most Swing components are not thread-safe.
 Solution is to make sure all code that creates and modifies Swing components executes in the
same 'event-dispatching' thread
 Start a Swing application using the following code..

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 7

Swing and Threads - starting up
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SwingUtilities.invokeLater (new Runnable()
{
public void run()
{ createAndShowGUI(); // <<
method to start
}
});
}

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 8

  Swing Components are Light Weight
Swings  Written entirely in Java
 Do not map directly to platform specific peers
Introduction
 Rendered using Graphics Primitives
2 Key Features  More efficient & more flexible
MVC Connection  Look & Feel of each component is determined by Java
Component & Containers  Thus each component will work in a consistent manner across all platform.
Swing Packages
 Swing Supports a Pluggable Look & Feel (PLAF)
Simple Swing Application  Look & Feel of each component is under the control of Swing
Event Handling in Swings  Separates look & feel from logic of the component
Simple Swing Applet  This makes it possible to change how the component is rendered independent
of other aspects
 Alternately, it’s possible to “plug-in” a new look & feel for any given
component.
 Possible to define entire set GUI style.
 Thus can be made
 consistent style across all platforms
 platform specific style.
Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 9
Look & Feel example

Metal CDE/Motif Windows

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 10

Swings  3 aspects of Visual Component
Introduction
 MODEL: The state information associated with the
2 Key Features
component
MVC Connection

Component & Containers  VIEW: The way that the component looks when rendered on
Swing Packages the screen
Simple Swing Application
 CONTROLLER: The way that the component reacts to the user
Event Handling in Swings

Simple Swing Applet

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 11

Model-Delegate Architecture
 Swing approach of MVC Combines View & Controller into a logical entity called UI delegate or
Model-Delegate or Separable Model Architecture
 Swing components contain 2 objects:
 First represents the model defined by Interfaces
 ex. for Button -> ButtonModel
 Second represents the UI Delegate defined by Classes that inherit ComponentUI
 ex. for Button -> ButtonUI

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 12

Swings  A GUI is built by putting components into containers
 Components and Containers are the 2 key items of GU
Introduction
 All containers are also components.
2 Key Features

MVC Connection
 Component is an independent visual control
 Ex: button, checkbox
Component & Containers
 Container holds group of components
Swing Packages
 For a component to be displayed, it should be within a
Simple Swing Application
container.
Event Handling in Swings
 All Swing GUI will have at least 1 container enabling Swings
Simple Swing Applet to define containment hierarchy

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 13

 Component & Containers
Components
 2 types of components: Heavyweight & Lightweight
 Heavyweight component
 A heavyweight component is associated with its own native screen resource
 Ex.: Components Button and Label from the java.awt package
 Lightweight component
 A lightweight component has no native screen resource of its own, hence
"lighter.“
 It relies on the screen resource from an ancestor in the containment hierarchy,
possibly the underlying Frame object.
 Ex.: Components JButton and Jlabel from javax.swing package
 One can mix heavyweight and lightweight components within the same container
 Swing components are derived from JComponent (with exception).
 JComponent provides functionality that is common to all components.
 It inherits AWT class Container and Component.

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 14

Component & Containers
Containers

 2 types of Swing containers

 Heavyweight containers (Top-level containers)

 Lightweight containers

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 15

1. Top-level containers
 JFrame, JApplet, JWindow, JDialog
 These do not inherit JComponent
 They inherit AWT class Component & Container
 These must be at the top of containment hierarchy
 These are not contained within any other container.
 Every containment hierarchy must begin with a top-level hierarchy.
 Usage of Container
 JFrame for Applications
 public class MyClass extends JFrame { }
 JApplet for Applets
 public class MyClass extends JApplet { }

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 16

 2. Lightweight containers
 They inherit JComponent
 Eg: JPanel: a general purpose container
 Often used to organize & manage group of related components.
 Container can hold containers

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 17

Top-level container Panes
 To appear on screen, every GUI component must be part of a
containment hierarchy, with a top-level container as its root
 Each top-level container defines a set of panes
 At the top is instance of JRootPane
 It’s a lightweight container which manages other panes and optional
menu bar
 Root Pane comprises of
 Glass Pane
 Layered Pane
 Content Pane

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 18

Pane
 Glass pane
 Top level pane & Transparent instance of JPanel.
 Sits above and covers all other panes.
 Enables to manage mouse events that affect the entire container.
 Layered Pane
 Instance of JLayeredPane, providing components to be given depth in positioning
 Determines which component overlays another (specify z-order for a component)
 Holds content pane and optional menubar
 Content Pane
 Opaque instance of JPanel
 Visual components are added here
 Is the pane application interacts the most

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 19

Swings  A very large sub-system makes use of many packages.
 Main package is javax.swing.
Introduction

2 Key Features  Contains classes that implement the basic Swing

components & must be imported into any swing program
MVC Connection

Component & Containers

Swing Packages  SWING PACKAGE/SUB-PACKAGE LIST

Simple Swing Application  javax.swing  javax.swing.plaf.synth
Event Handling in Swings  javax.swing.border  javax.swing.table
Simple Swing Applet  javax.swing.colorchooser  javax.swing.text
 javax.swing.event  javax.swing.text.html
 javax.swing.filechooser  javax.swing.text.html.parser
 javax.swing.plaf  javax.swing.text.rtf
 javax.swing.plaf.basic  javax.swing.tree
 javax.swing.plaf.metal  javax.swing.undo
 javax.swing.plaf.multi
Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 20
 To build a GUI…
Swings  Make somewhere to display things (a Container)
Introduction
 Usually you would use a JFrame or a JApplet
2 Key Features
 Create some Components (buttons, text areas, panels, etc.)
MVC Connection
 Declare Components as instance variables
Component & Containers
 Define them in your applet’s init() method or in some
Swing Packages
application method
Simple Swing Application
 Add your Components to your display area
Event Handling in Swings
 Choose a layout manager
Simple Swing Applet
 Add your Components to your JFrame or JApplet
 Attach Listeners to your Components
 Interacting with a Component causes an Event to occur
 A Listener gets a message when an interesting event occurs,
and executes some code to deal with it

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 21

 Simple Swing Application (using JFrame object)
import javax.swing.*;
 Example:
class SwingDemo
{
SwingDemo()
{
JFrame jfrm = new JFrame("Simple Swing Application");

jfrm.setSize(300, 100);
jfrm.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

JLabel jlab = new JLabel("First Swing Program");

jfrm.add(jlab);

jfrm.setVisible(true);
}

public static void main(String args[])

{
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run()
{ new SwingDemo(); }
});
}
}
Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 22
 Simple Swing Application (extending JFrame)
import javax.swing.*;
 Example:
class SwingDemo extends JFrame
{
SwingDemo()
{
super("Simple Swing Application");

setSize(300, 100);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

JLabel jlab = new JLabel("First Swing Program");

add(jlab);

setVisible(true);
}

public static void main(String args[])

{
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run()
{ new SwingDemo(); }
});
}
}
Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 23
  Example Program
Swings  Create 2 Buttons in JFrame
Introduction  Create a Label, with default message “Press a button”, in JFrame
2 Key Features

MVC Connection

Component & Containers

Swing Packages
 Add event listeners to each button
Simple Swing Application
 If Button1 is clicked, display “Button1 was clicked” in Label
Event Handling in Swings

Simple Swing Applet

 If Button2 is clicked, display “Button2 was clicked” in Label

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 24

import javax.swing.*; button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
import java.awt.*; public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
import java.awt.event.*; {
label.setText("Button2 was clicked");
public class EventDemo }
{ });
JLabel label;
jfrm.add(button1);
EventDemo() jfrm.add(button2);
{ jfrm.add(label);
JFrame jfrm = new JFrame("Swing Event Example");
jfrm.setVisible(true);
jfrm.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); }
jfrm.setSize(300, 100);
jfrm.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); public static void main(String args[])
{
JButton button1 = new JButton("Button1"); SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
JButton button2 = new JButton("Button2"); public void run()
label = new JLabel("Press a button."); { new EventDemo();}
});
button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ }
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) }
{
label.setText("Button1 was clicked");
}
});

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 25

  Example: Program
Swings
Introduction
java.lang.Object
2 Key Features |
MVC Connection java.awt.Component
|
Component & Containers java.awt.Container
Swing Packages |
java.awt.Panel
Simple Swing Application
|
Event Handling in Swings java.applet.Applet
Simple Swing Applet |
javax.swing.JApplet

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 26

import javax.swing.*; private void makeGUI()
import java.awt.*; {
import java.awt.event.*;
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
/*
<applet code="SwingAppletDemo" width="250" height="100"> button1 = new JButton("Button1");
</applet> button2 = new JButton("Button2");
*/ label = new JLabel("Press a button.");

public class SwingAppletDemo extends JApplet button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){

{ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
JButton button1, button2; {
JLabel label; label.setText("Button1 was clicked");
}
public void init() });
{
try button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
{ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { {
public void run() label.setText("Button2 was clicked");
{ makeGUI(); } }
}); });
}
catch(Exception e) add(button1);
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } add(button2);
add(label);
} }
}

Swings Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 27

End of Swing Introduction

Swing Introduction GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 28

Swing Components

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 29

Overview
 JLabel & ImageIcon
 JTextField
 The Swing Buttons
 JButton, JToggleButton, JCheckBox, JRadioButton
 JTabbedPane
 JScrollPane
 JList
 JComboBox
 JTable

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 30

GUI Components
Label Button Checkbox

ComboBox Scrollbar

Text Area
TextField List

Button

Radio Button Radio Button Group

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 31
  Component that displays text and/or an icon
Swing Components  Constructors:
JLabel & ImageIcon  JLabel(Icon icon)
JTextField  JLabel(String str)
The Swing Buttons  JLabel(String str, Icon icon, int align)
 str and icon: text & icon used for the label
JTabbedPane
 align: Horizontal alignment of text and/or icon.
JScrollPane Values: LEFT, RIGHT, CENTER, LEADING, TRAILING
JList
 Object of Icon Interface is expected by JLabel
JComboBox
 Can use ImageIcon instance which implements Icon
JTable
 ImageIcon(String filename)
 Methods of JLabel:
 Icon getIcon( )
 String getText( )
 void setIcon(Icon icon)
 void setText(String str)

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 32

 JLabel Example Program
import javax.swing.*; private void makeGUI()
import java.awt.*; {
// Create an icon
public class JLabelDemo extends JApplet ImageIcon img = new ImageIcon("img/baby.jpg");
{
public void init() // Create a label
{ JLabel jlab = new JLabel(“Motivating", img, JLabel.CENTER);
try
{ // Add label to the content pane
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { add(jlab);
public void run() }
{ makeGUI(); } }
});
}
catch(Exception e)
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); }
}

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 33

  Allows you to edit one line of text.
Swing Components  Derived from JTextComponent.
JLabel & ImageIcon
 Constructors:
JTextField
 JTextField( )
The Swing Buttons
 JTextField(int cols)
JTabbedPane
 JTextField(String str)
JScrollPane  JTextField(String str, int cols)
JList  str: string to be presented
JComboBox  cols: number of columns in the text field
JTable

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 34

 JTextField Example
import javax.swing.*; private void makeGUI()
import java.awt.event.*; {
import java.awt.*; //Change to FlowLayout
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
public class JTextFieldDemo extends JApplet
{ // Add text field to content pane
JTextField jtf; jtf = new JTextField(15);
add(jtf);
public void init()
{ jtf.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
try public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{ {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { showStatus(jtf.getText());
public void run() }
{ makeGUI(); } });
}); }
} }
catch(Exception e)
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); }
}

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 35

  Swing defines 4 types of Buttons
Swing Components 1. JButton
JLabel & ImageIcon
2. JToggleButton
JTextField
3. JCheckBox
The Swing Buttons
4. JRadioButton
JTabbedPane  All are subclasses of AbstractButton
JScrollPane  AbstractButton Methods:
JList  void setDisabledIcon(Icon di)
 void setPressedIcon(Icon pi)
JComboBox
 void setSelectedIcon(Icon si)
JTable
 void setRolloverIcon(Icon ri)
 String getText( )
 void setText(String s)

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 36

Swing Buttons
 A Button generate an Action Event when they are pressed
 Listeners register and unregister for these events via
 void addActionListener(ActionListener al)
 void removeActionListener(ActionListener al)
 The model used by all buttons is defined by ButtonModel interface.

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 37

1. JButton
 Provides functionality of a push button
 Allows an icon, a string, or both to be associated with the push button
 Constructors:
 JButton(Icon icon)
 JButton(String str)
 JButton(String str, Icon icon)
 str & icon are string and icon used for the button
 Action command string associated with that button can be obtained using
 String getActionCommand() This identifies the button

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 38

 // Add buttons to content pane

1. JButton Example JButton jb = new JButton(new ImageIcon("img/acro.png"));

jb.setActionCommand("Acrobat");
jb.addActionListener(this);
import javax.swing.*; add(jb);
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*; jb = new JButton(new ImageIcon("img/clock.png"));
jb.setActionCommand("Clock");
public class JButtonDemo extends JApplet implements ActionListener jb.addActionListener(this);
{ add(jb);
JLabel label;
jb = new JButton(new ImageIcon("img/penguin.png"));
public void init() { jb.setActionCommand("Penguin");
try { jb.addActionListener(this);
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { add(jb);
public void run()
{ makeGUI(); } label = new JLabel("Chose any one"); // Add text field to content pane
}); add(label);
} catch(Exception e) }
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); }
} public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
label.setText("You selected: " + ae.getActionCommand());
private void makeGUI() }
{ }
setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //Change to FlowLayout

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 39

2. JToggleButton
 Variation of push button
 Looks like push button
 Has 2 states: pushed & released.
 When pressed, it stays pressed. (pushed state)
 When again pressed, it’s released. (released state)
 Superclass of JCheckBox & JRadioButton
 Generates action event & item event each time clicked
 To handle ItemEvent
 Implement ItemListener interface
 Event is passed to itemStateChanged()
 Inside this, getItem() can be called to obtain the toggle button reference.
 Object getItem()
 boolean isSelected(): to get the state of the toggle button. Called by toggle button object.
 true: selected
 false:released
Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 40
2. JToggleButton (contd …)
 Constructors:
 public JToggleButton ()
 public JToggleButton(Icon icon)
 public JToggleButton(Icon icon, boolean selected)
 public JToggleButton (String text)
 public JToggleButton (String text, boolean selected)
 public JToggleButton(Action a)
 public JToggleButton(String text, Icon icon)
 public JToggleButton (String text, Icon icon, boolean selected)

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 41

 2. JToggleButton Example
public class JToggleButtonDemo extends JApplet private void makeGUI()
{ {
JLabel label;
JToggleButton tbutton; setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //Change to FlowLayout

public void init() label = new JLabel("Button is Off"); //Create Label

{
try { tbutton = new JToggleButton("On/Off"); //Create a Toggle Button
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
public void run() tbutton.addItemListener(new ItemListener() {
{ makeGUI(); } public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)
}); {
} if(tbutton.isSelected())
catch(Exception e) label.setText("Button is On");
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } else
} label.setText("Button is Off");
}
});

add(tbutton);
add(label);
}
}

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 42

3. JCheckBox
 Which provides the functionality of a check box
 Constructors:
 JCheckBox(Icon icon)
 JCheckBox(Icon icon, boolean state)
 JCheckBox(String str)
 JCheckBox(String str, boolean state)
 JCheckBox(String str, Icon icon)
 JCheckBox(String str, Icon icon, boolean state)
 icon: icon for the button
 str: text
 state: true, the check box is initially selected

 state of the check box can be changed by

 void setSelected(boolean state)
 Generates ItemEvent each time clicked
 Get the reference through getItem() on the ItemEvent passed to isStateChanged() defined by ItemListener
 Get the state using isSelected() on the checkbox
Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 43
 3. JCheckBox Example
public class JCheckBoxDemo extends JApplet implements ItemListener private void makeGUI()
{ {
JLabel label; setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //Change to FlowLayout

public void init() JCheckBox cb = new JCheckBox("C");

{ cb.addItemListener(this);
try { add(cb); // Add check boxes to the content pane
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
public void run() cb = new JCheckBox("C++");
{ makeGUI(); } cb.addItemListener(this);
}); add(cb);
}
catch(Exception e) cb = new JCheckBox("Java");
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } cb.addItemListener(this);
} add(cb);

public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie) cb = new JCheckBox(“Python");

{ cb.addItemListener(this);
JCheckBox cb = (JCheckBox) ie.getItem(); add(cb);
if(cb.isSelected())
label.setText(cb.getText() + " is selected"); label = new JLabel("Select Language"); //Create Label
else add(label);
label.setText(cb.getText() + " is cleared"); }
} }

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 44

4. JRadioButton
 Which provides the functionality of a Radio button
 Constructors:
 JRadioButton()
 JRadioButton(Action a)
 JRadioButton(Icon icon)
 JRadioButton(Icon icon, boolean state)
 JRadioButton(String str)
 JRadioButton(String str, boolean state)
 JRadioButton(String str, Icon icon)
 JRadioButton(String str, Icon icon, boolean state)
 icon: icon for the button
 str: text
 state: true, the check box is initially selected

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 45

4. JRadioButton (contd …)
 To provide mutually exclusive behavior RadioButton should be grouped
 Created by ButtonGroup class
 Default constructor is called to create.
 Elements are added to the group using
 void add(AbstractButton ab)
 Generates ActionEvent, ItemEvent, ChangeEvent
 One can implement ActionListener
 To get the checked object
 getActionCommand()
 getSource()
 Check each by isSelected()

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 46

 4. JRadioButton Example
public class JRadioButtonDemo extends JApplet implements ActionListener private void makeGUI()
{ {
JLabel label; setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //Change to FlowLayout

public void init() ButtonGroup bg = new ButtonGroup();

{
try { JRadioButton rb = new JRadioButton("C++");
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { rb.addActionListener(this);
public void run() add(rb);
{ makeGUI(); } bg.add(rb); // Add check boxes to the content pane
});
} rb = new JRadioButton("Java");
catch(Exception e) rb.addActionListener(this);
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } add(rb);
} bg.add(rb);

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) rb = new JRadioButton("Perl");

{ rb.addActionListener(this);
label.setText("You selected: " + ae.getActionCommand()); add(rb);
} bg.add(rb);

label = new JLabel("Select Language"); //Create Label

add(label);
}
}
Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 47
  Is a component that appears as a group of folders in a file cabinet

Swing Components  Manages a set of components by linking them with tabs

JLabel & ImageIcon

 Constructors:
 public JTabbedPane()
JTextField
 public JTabbedPane(int tabPlacement)
The Swing Buttons  public JTabbedPane(int tabPlacement, int tabLayoutPolicy)
JTabbedPane
 Tabs can be added using
JScrollPane
 void addTabs(String name, Component comp)
JList  name: name of the tab
JComboBox  comp: component
JTable
 General procedure to add
 Create an instance of JTabbedPane
 Add each tab by calling addTab( )
 Add the tabbed pane to the content pane

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 48

 class CitiesPanel extends JPanel {
public CitiesPanel()
JTabbedPane Example {
JButton b = new JButton("Mangalore"); add(b);
public class JTabbedPaneDemo extends JApplet b = new JButton("Bangalore"); add(b);
{ b = new JButton("Pune"); add(b);
public void init() b = new JButton("Calcutta"); add(b);
{ }
try { }
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
public void run() class ColorsPanel extends JPanel {
{ makeGUI(); } public ColorsPanel()
}); {
} JCheckBox cb = new JCheckBox("Red"); add(cb);
catch(Exception e) cb = new JCheckBox("Green"); add(cb);
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } cb = new JCheckBox("Blue"); add(cb);
} }
}
private void makeGUI()
{ class FlavorsPanel extends JPanel {
JTabbedPane jtp = new JTabbedPane(); public FlavorsPanel()
jtp.addTab("Cities", new CitiesPanel()); {
jtp.addTab("Colors", new ColorsPanel()); JComboBox jcb = new JComboBox();
jtp.addTab("Flavors", new FlavorsPanel()); jcb.addItem("Vanilla");
add(jtp); jcb.addItem("Chocolate");
} jcb.addItem("Strawberry");
add(jcb);
}
}
Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 49
  Lightweight container that handles scrolling of another
Swing Components component

JLabel & ImageIcon

 Component being scrolled can be single component or group of
components
JTextField
 Viewable area of the scroll pane is called viewport.
The Swing Buttons

JTabbedPane  Steps that you should follow to use a scroll pane in an applet:
 Create a JComponent object.
JScrollPane
 Create a JScrollPane object passing to it the object to scroll.
JList
 Add the scroll pane to the content pane.
JComboBox

JTable

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 50

JScrollPane (contd…)
 Constructors:
 JScrollPane(Component comp)
 JScrollPane(int vsb, int hsb)
 JScrollPane(Component comp, int vsb, int hsb)
 comp: component to be added to the scroll pane.
 vsb and hsb: int constants that define when vertical and horizontal scroll bars for this scroll pane
are shown. These constants are defined by the ScrollPaneConstants interface
◦ HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
◦ HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED
◦ VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
◦ VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 51

 JScrollPane Example
public class JScrollPaneDemo extends JApplet private void makeGUI()
{ {
public void init() JPanel jp = new JPanel();
{ jp.setLayout(new GridLayout(20, 20));
try {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
public void run() for(int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
{ makeGUI(); } jp.add(new JLabel("New Message for scroll demo. "));
});
} //Create scroll pane
catch(Exception e) JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane(jp);
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); }
} // Add scroll pane to the content pane
add(jsp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 52

  Supports Selection of one or more items
Swing Components  Can create list of any object other than strings
JLabel & ImageIcon  Constructors:
JTextField  public JList()
 public JList(final Object[] listData)
The Swing Buttons
 public JList(ListModel dataModel)
JTabbedPane
 Long list are automatically scrollable
JScrollPane

JList
 Generates ListSelectionEvent when user makes or changes a selection or
deselects an item.
JComboBox
 Handled by implementing ListSelectionListener interface.
JTable
 Specifies one method
 void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent le)
 Packaged into javax.swing.event

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 53

JList (contd…)
 Method:
 void setSelectionMode(int mode)
 Mode
◦ SINGLE_SELECTION
◦ SINGLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION
◦ MULTIPLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION (default)
 int getSelectedIndex()
 Begins at 0.
 -1 if no item selected
 Object getSelectedValue()

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 54

 private void makeGUI()

JList Example
{
setLayout(new FlowLayout());

list = new JList(cities);

public class JScrollPaneDemo extends JApplet
{ list.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);
JLabel label;
JList list;
spane = new JScrollPane(list);
JScrollPane spane; spane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(120, 90));
String cities[] = {"Mangalore","Bangalore","Calcutta","Pune", label= new JLabel("Choose a city:");
"Chennai","Mysore","Mumbai","New Delhi"};
list.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() {
public void init() public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent le) {
{
int index = list.getSelectedIndex();
try {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { if(index != -1)
public void run() label.setText("Current selection: " + cities[index]);
{ makeGUI(); }
else
}); label.setText("Choose a city");
} }
catch(Exception e) });
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); }
} add(spane);
add(label);
}
}

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 55

  Combination of Text Field and Drop-down list
Swing Components  Constructor:
JLabel & ImageIcon  JComboBox(Object[] items)

JTextField  Uses ComboBoxModel.

The Swing Buttons  Mutable combo box use MutableComboBoxModel.
JTabbedPane
 Items can be added by
JScrollPane  void addItem(Object ob)
JList
 Generates Action Event on item select
JComboBox
 Generates Item Event when state of selection changes.
JTable
 To get the selected Item
 Object getSelectedItem()

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 56

 JComboBox Example
public class JComboBoxDemo extends JApplet private void makeGUI()
{ {
JLabel label; setLayout(new FlowLayout());
JComboBox cbox;
String cities[] = {"Mangalore","Bangalore","Calcutta","Pune", cbox = new JComboBox(cities);
"Chennai","Mysore","Mumbai","New Delhi"}; add(cbox);

public void init() cbox.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

{ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
try { {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { label.setText("You selected: " + cbox.getSelectedItem());
public void run() }
{ makeGUI(); } });
});
} label = new JLabel("Select a city");
catch(Exception e) add(label);
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } }
} }

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 57

  Component that displays rows and columns of data
 You can drag the cursor on column boundaries to resize columns
Swing Components
 Constructor:
JLabel & ImageIcon
 JTable(Object data[ ][ ], Object colHeads[ ])
JTextField
 JTable does not provide any scrolling capability of its own.
The Swing Buttons
 2 main JTable Events
JTabbedPane
 List SelectionEvent
JScrollPane
 When user selects something
JList  TableModelEvent
JComboBox  When table data changes
JTable  JTable allows to select
 One or more complete rows
 One or more Columns
 One or more individual cells

Swing Components GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 58

 JTable Example
public class JTableDemo extends JApplet private void makeGUI()
{ {
public void init() final String[] colHeads = { "Name", "Phone", "Fax" }; // column headings
{
try { final Object[][] data = { // Initialize data
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() { { "Gail", "4567", "8675" }, a
public void run() { "Ken", "7566", "5555" },
{ makeGUI(); } { "Viviane", "5634", "5887" },
}); { "Melanie", "7345", "9222" },
} { "Anne", "1237", "3333" },
catch(Exception e) { "John", "5656", "3144" },
{ System.out.println("Could not create: " + e); } { "Matt", "5672", "2176" },
} { "Claire", "6741", "4244" },
{ "Erwin", "9023", "5159" },
{ "Ellen", "1134", "5332" },
{ "Jennifer", "5689", "1212" },
{ "Ed", "9030", "1313" },
{ "Helen", "6751", "1415" }
};

JTable table = new JTable(data, colHeads); // Create the table

JScrollPane spane = new JScrollPane(table); //Add the table to a scroll pane
add(spane); //Add scroll pane to content pane
}
Swings
}
GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 59
End of Swings

Swings GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 60