INTRODUCTION TO

ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR

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What Managers Do

They get things done through other people.

 Management Activities:
– Make decisions
– Allocate resources
– Direct activities of others to attain goals

 Work in an organization
– A consciously coordinated social unit composed of two or more
people that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a
common goal or set of goals.

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Management Functions

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Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles

 Discovered ten managerial roles

 Separated into three groups:

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Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles: Interpersonal
Figurehead

Leader Liaison

Interpersonal Roles

See E X H I B I T 1–1 for details

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Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles: Informational
Monitor

Spokesperson Disseminator

Informational Roles

See E X H I B I T 1–1 for details

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Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles: Decisional
Entrepreneur

Negotiator Disturbance handler

Resource allocator

Decisional Roles

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Essential Management Skills
 Technical Skills
– The ability to apply specialized
knowledge or expertise

 Human Skills
– The ability to work with, understand,
and motivate other people, both
individually and in groups

 Conceptual Skills
– The mental ability to analyze and
diagnose complex situations

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Organizational Behavior

A field of study that investigates the

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Contributing Disciplines

Many behavioral sciences

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Psychology
The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes
change the behavior of humans and other animals.

Unit of Analysis:
– Individual
Contributions to OB:
– Learning, motivation, personality, emotions, perception
– Training, leadership effectiveness, job satisfaction
– Individual decision making, performance appraisal, attitude
measurement
– Employee selection, work design, and work stress

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Social Psychology
An area within psychology that blends concepts from
psychology and sociology and that focuses on the influence
of people on one another.

Unit of Analysis:
– Group
Contributions to OB:
– Behavioral change
– Attitude change
– Communication
– Group processes
– Group decision making

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Sociology

The study of people in relation to their fellow human

Unit of Analysis:
-- Organizational System -- Group

 Contributions to OB:
– Group dynamics – Formal organization theory
– Work teams – Organizational technology
– Communication – Organizational change
– Power – Organizational culture
– Conflict
– Intergroup behavior

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Anthropology

The study of societies to learn about human beings and

Unit of Analysis:
-- Organizational System -- Group

 Contributions to OB:
– Organizational culture – Comparative values
– Organizational environment – Comparative attitudes
– Cross-cultural analysis

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Challenges and Opportunities for OB
The major challenges and opportunities are:
 Responding to Economic Pressures
 Responding to Globalization
 Managing Workforce Diversity

Some other challenges and

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Responding to Economic Pressures
 What do you do during
difficult economic times?
– Effective management is critical
during hard economic times.
– Managers need to handle
difficult activities such as firing
employees, motivating
employees to do more with less,
and working through the stress
employees feel when they are
worrying about their future.
– OB focuses on issues such as
stress, decision making, and
coping during difficult times.
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Responding to Globalization
 Increased foreign
assignments

 Working with people from

 Overseeing movement of
jobs to countries with low-
cost labor

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Managing Workforce Diversity
 The people in organizations are becoming more
heterogeneous demographically
– Embracing diversity
– Changing demographics
– Changing management philosophy
– Recognizing and responding to differences

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