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States of Matter: Substance That and Occupies Space Called of Small States

- Matter exists in three main states - solid, liquid, and gas. - In solids, particles are packed closely together and have a fixed shape. Liquids flow freely but take the shape of their container, while gases spread out evenly and have no fixed shape. - Matter can change between these states through processes like melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation. Heat typically facilitates changes from solid to liquid or liquid to gas. - A solution is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent, like sugar dissolving in water. Soluble and insoluble substances can be separated from solutions through processes like heating, filtration, sedimentation, and decantation.

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41 views7 pages

States of Matter: Substance That and Occupies Space Called of Small States

- Matter exists in three main states - solid, liquid, and gas. - In solids, particles are packed closely together and have a fixed shape. Liquids flow freely but take the shape of their container, while gases spread out evenly and have no fixed shape. - Matter can change between these states through processes like melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation. Heat typically facilitates changes from solid to liquid or liquid to gas. - A solution is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent, like sugar dissolving in water. Soluble and insoluble substances can be separated from solutions through processes like heating, filtration, sedimentation, and decantation.

Uploaded by

Jobin
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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States of matter

• Any substance that has mass and occupies space is


called matter.
• Matter is made up of small particles.
• Three states of matter
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
States of matter
Solid Liquids Gases
Particles are packed very Particles are not very Particles are very loose
close to each other. closely packed packed.

Usually hard and have • Have no fixed shape • Have no fixed shape.
a fixed shape and can flow. • They occupy all the
• They take the shape of available space in a
the container they are container.
On Applying Force
poured into.
• Some solids can change
their shape Liquids are also called Gases are also fluids
• Some solids can be fluids as it can flow from
bent or broken one place to another.
Changes of State
• Matter can change from one state
to another.

l
• The process by which a
solid changes to liquid is
called melting. Evaporation Condensation
• The process by which a liquid Cooling
changes into a vapour is called Heat
evaporation.

• The process by which a gas


changes into a liquid on cooling
is called condensation.

• The process by which liquid


changes intoa solid is called
freezing.
Solvent and Solution
• The solid that dissolves in a liquid is called the
solute.
• The liquid in which the solute dissolves is called the
solvent.
• The liquid that we get when a solute dissolves in a
solvent is called a solution.
Solute + Solvent = Solution
Solute Solvent Solution
Sugar Milk Sweet Milk
Salt Water Salty Water
- - -
Separation of
Substances
• Soluble substances are those substances that dissolve
completely in water to form a solution. E.g. Salt ,Sugar
• Soluble substances can be separated by heating.

Salt solution HEATED Water evaporates and salt


particles are left behind.
Separation of Substances
• Insoluble substances are those substances that do
not dissolve completely in water. For example sand
and chalk.

• Insoluble substances can be separated from a


solution by the processes of
1. Filtration
2. Sedimentation
3. Decantation.
Thank you

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